微信公众号测试账号-消息管理/事件推送

2019-11-09 16:51:29

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记录一下微信公众号开发的时候的一些过程。。。首先注册一个微信公众测试账号，虽然个人注册的订阅号也有此功能，但是却没有用户管理功能，所以这里就先拿测试账号开发微信公众号。。。申请微信测试号在这里http://mp.weixin.QQ.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=sandbox/login 这里写图片描述

成功申请之后会有自己的APPID和appsecret。。。微信开发者文档在这里。。。 http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/home/index.html

开发人员可以根据该文档对微信公众号进行接口的开发。。。

简单的申请完之后。。。尝试配置接口配置信息需要填写公网可以访问的链接地址以及TOKEN，以确定微信可以访问你的程序。。。公网能访问的链接地址不一定是特意去申请的域名或者买服务器，可以用国内已有的一些网络映射工具，这里我用的是Sunny-Ngrok启动工具，也可以用花生壳。。。

根据这些映射工具，可以在公网上访问该网址。。。这样微信也可以访问我的程序来调用相应的服务。。。这里写图片描述

package org.ssm.maven.test1.controller;import java.security.MessageDigest;import java.util.Arrays;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import org.sPRingframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;@Controller@RequestMapping("/wechat")public class WechatValidToken { public static final String TOKEN = "ivy"; private static char[] hexDigits = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' }; @RequestMapping(value="/valid", method = RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public String validToken( HttpServletRequest request) { String signature = request.getParameter("signature"); String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp"); String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce"); String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr"); String[] paramStr = new String[] { TOKEN, timestamp, nonce }; Arrays.sort(paramStr); String str=""; for(String s : paramStr){ str += s; } String afterSha1 = sha1(str); if (afterSha1.equals(signature)) return echostr; else return "null"; } private static String sha1(String source) { if ((source == null) || source.isEmpty()) { return source; } try { MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1"); byte[] sha1Bytes = sha1.digest(source.getBytes()); return toHexArray(sha1Bytes); } catch (Exception e) { // do nothing } return source; } private static String toHexArray(byte[] array) { char[] resultCharArray = new char[array.length * 2]; int index = 0; for (byte b : array) { resultCharArray[index++] = hexDigits[b >>> 4 & 0xf]; resultCharArray[index++] = hexDigits[b & 0xf]; } return new String(resultCharArray); }}

该代码用于微信校验是否接收到信息的功能。。。

我的微信公众号的后台是基于ssm的java企业级的程序，关于ssm的配置文件在网上随便百度都可以找得到。。。对于订阅号的消息管理，微信公众平台提供了简单的对于消息管理的功能。。。对于不是开发人员来说该功能已经能满足普通微信公众号的需求。。。但是对于需求不仅满足于普通的信息管理的系统而言，这只是冰山一角。。。

对于消息信息管理分为以下几类：

1 文本消息2 图片消息3 语音消息4 视频消息5 小视频消息6 地理位置消息7 链接消息

当普通微信用户向公众账号发消息时，微信服务器将POST消息的xml数据包到开发者填写的URL上。。。

文本消息

package org.ssm.maven.test1.controller;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.util.Date;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import org.ssm.maven.test1.model.TextMessage;import org.ssm.maven.test1.util.MessageType;import org.ssm.maven.test1.util.MessageUtil;@Controller@RequestMapping("/wechat")public class WechatController { @RequestMapping(value = "/valid", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public String accpetMessage(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException { request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); Map<String, String> param = MessageUtil.xmlToMap(request); String fromUserName = param.get("FromUserName"); String toUserName = param.get("ToUserName"); String msgType = param.get("MsgType"); String content = param.get("Content"); Long createTime = Long.valueOf(param.get("CreateTime")); Long msgId = Long.valueOf(param.get("MsgId") ); System.out.println("--------->" + param); String message = null; if (MessageType.TEXT.equals(msgType)) { if ("1".equals(content)) { message = MessageUtil.initText(MessageUtil.firstMenu(), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId); } else if ("2".equals(content)) { message = MessageUtil.initNewsMessage(toUserName, fromUserName); } else if ("?".equals(content)) { message = MessageUtil.initText(MessageUtil.menuText(), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId); } else { TextMessage text = new TextMessage(); text.setContent("the message is:" + content); text.setCreateTime(createTime); text.setToUserName(fromUserName); text.setFromUserName(toUserName); text.setMsgType("text"); message = MessageUtil.textMessageToXml(text); System.out.println("message--------->" + message); } // StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); // sb.append("<xml>"); // sb.append("<ToUserName><![CDATA[" + fromUserName + // "]]></ToUserName>"); // sb.append("<FromUserName><![CDATA[" + toUserName + // "]]></FromUserName>"); // sb.append("<CreateTime>" + new Date().getTime() + // "</CreateTime>"); // sb.append("<MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>"); // sb.append("<Content><![CDATA[this is a test]]></Content>"); // sb.append("<MsgId>1234567890123456</MsgId>"); // sb.append("</xml>"); // response.getWriter().write(message); } else if (MessageType.EVENT.equals(msgType)) { String event = param.get("Event"); if (MessageType.SUBSCRIBE.equals(event)) { message = MessageUtil.initText(MessageUtil.menuText(), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId); } else if (MessageType.CLICK.equals(event)) { message = MessageUtil.initText(MessageUtil.menuText(), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId); } else if (MessageType.VIEW.equals(event)) { message = MessageUtil.initText(param.get("EventKey"), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId); } else if (MessageType.SCANCODE.equals(event)) { message = MessageUtil.initText(param.get("EventKey"), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId); } } else if (MessageType.LOCATION.equals(msgType)) { message = MessageUtil.initText(param.get("Label"), createTime, fromUserName, toUserName, msgId); } return message; }}

消息类型主要分为

package org.ssm.maven.test1.util;public class MessageType { public static final String TEXT = "text"; public static final String NEWS = "news"; public static final String IMAGE = "image"; public static final String VOICE = "voice"; public static final String VIDEO = "video"; public static final String SHORTVIDEO = "shortvideo"; public static final String LINK = "link"; public static final String LOCATION = "location"; public static final String EVENT = "event"; public static final String SUBSCRIBE = "subscribe";//event public static final String UNSUBSCRIBE = "unsubscribe";//event public static final String CLICK = "CLICK";//event public static final String VIEW = "VIEW";//event public static final String SCANCODE = "scancode_push";//event}

大致用到的分为这几类，subscribe，unsubscribe，CLICK，VIEW，scancode_push为event下

程序入口沿用了之间接收消息接口的名称。。。

这里附上转化成xml的代码以及初始化消息返回的代码。。。

package org.ssm.maven.test1.util;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.Writer;import java.nio.charset.Charset;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Date;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import org.dom4j.Document;import org.dom4j.DocumentException;import org.dom4j.Element;import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;import org.ssm.maven.test1.controller.WechatController;import org.ssm.maven.test1.model.TextMessage;import org.ssm.maven.test1.model.WechatNews;import org.ssm.maven.test1.model.WechatNewsMessage;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.QuickWriter;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamWriter;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.DomDriver;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.PrettyPrintWriter;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.XmlFriendlyNameCoder;public class MessageUtil { protected static String PREFIX_CDATA = "<![CDATA["; protected static String SUFFIX_CDATA = "]]>"; /** * xml to map�� * @param request * @return */ public static Map<String, String> xmlToMap(HttpServletRequest request){ Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); SAXReader reader = new SAXReader(); try { InputStream ins = request.getInputStream(); Document doc = reader.read(ins); Element root = doc.getRootElement(); List<Element> list = root.elements(); for (Element element : list) { map.put(element.getName(), element.getText()); } ins.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (DocumentException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return map; } public static String textMessageToXml(TextMessage textMessage){ XStream xstream = new XStream(); xstream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass()); return xstream.toXML(textMessage); } public static String newsMessageToXml(WechatNewsMessage wechatNewsMessage){ XStream xstream = new XStream(); xstream.alias("xml", wechatNewsMessage.getClass()); xstream.alias("item", new WechatNews().getClass()); return xstream.toXML(wechatNewsMessage); } /*初始化文本消息*/ public static String initText(String content, Long createTime, String fromUserName, String toUserName, Long msgId){ String message = ""; TextMessage text = new TextMessage(); text.setContent("the message is:"+content); text.setCreateTime(createTime); text.setToUserName(fromUserName); text.setFromUserName(toUserName); text.setMsgType(MessageType.TEXT); text.setMsgId(msgId); message = MessageUtil.textMessageToXml(text); System.out.println("message--------->" + message); return message; } /*初始化图文消息*/ public static String initNewsMessage(String toUserName, String fromUserName){ String message = ""; WechatNewsMessage wechatNewsMessage = new WechatNewsMessage(); WechatNews wechatNews = new WechatNews(); WechatNews wechatNews1 = new WechatNews(); List<WechatNews> wechatNewss = new ArrayList<WechatNews>(); wechatNews.setTitle("ivy's description"); wechatNews.setPicUrl("http://ivytest.ngrok.cc/org.ssm.maven.test1/images/IMG_0151.JPG"); wechatNews.setUrl("http://ivytest.ngrok.cc/org.ssm.maven.test1/images/IMG_0151.JPG"); wechatNews.setDescription("i am ivy"); wechatNews1.setTitle("haha's description"); wechatNews1.setPicUrl("http://ivytest.ngrok.cc/org.ssm.maven.test1/images/IMG_0152.JPG"); wechatNews1.setUrl("http://ivytest.ngrok.cc/org.ssm.maven.test1/images/IMG_0152.JPG"); wechatNews1.setDescription("i am gaga"); wechatNewss.add(wechatNews); wechatNewss.add(wechatNews1); wechatNewsMessage.setArticleCount(wechatNewss.size()); wechatNewsMessage.setArticles(wechatNewss); wechatNewsMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName); wechatNewsMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName); wechatNewsMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime()); wechatNewsMessage.setMsgType(MessageType.NEWS); message = newsMessageToXml(wechatNewsMessage); return message; } public static String menuText(){ StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append("Welcome here/n"); sb.append("1.text field/n"); sb.append("2.news field/n"); sb.append("enter ? for help/n"); return sb.toString(); } public static String firstMenu(){ return "Hi,i am ivy"; } public static String secondMenu(){ return "Bye,i am ivy"; }}

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