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Java中InputStream和String之间的转换方法

2019-11-06 06:59:45
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java中InputStream和String之间的转化十分普遍,本文主要是总结一下转换的各种方法,包括JDK原生提供的,还有一些外部依赖提供的。

1、InputStream转化为String

1.1 JDK原生提供

方法一:byte[] bytes = new byte[0];bytes = new byte[inputStream.available()];inputStream.read(bytes);String str = new String(bytes);方法二:String result = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream)) .lines().collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator()));方法三:String result = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream)) .lines().parallel().collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator()));方法四:Scanner s = new Scanner(inputStream).useDelimiter("//A");String str = s.hasNext() ? s.next() : "";方法五:String resource = new Scanner(inputStream).useDelimiter("//Z").next();return resource;方法六:StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();String line;BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(line);}String str = sb.toString();return str;方法七:ByteArrayOutputStream result = new ByteArrayOutputStream();byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int length;while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) { result.write(buffer, 0, length);}String str = result.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());return str;方法八:BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);ByteArrayOutputStream buf = new ByteArrayOutputStream();int result = bis.read();while(result != -1) { buf.write((byte) result); result = bis.read();}String str = buf.toString();return str;

1.2 Apache Common提供

方法九:StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();IOUtils.copy(inputStream, writer, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());String str = writer.toString();方法十:String str = IOUtils.toString(inputStream, "utf-8");

1.3 Google Guava提供

方法十一:String str = CharStreams.toString(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));方法十二:String str = new String(ByteStreams.toByteArray(inputStream));

针对一个2MB的文件的输入流,多次执行测试如下(单位是毫秒):

方法十: 111 方法十一: 236 方法十二: 36 方法一: 36 方法二: 87 方法三: 66 方法四: 101 方法五: 178 方法六: 40 方法七: 21 方法八: 107 方法九: 31

从上述结果来看,方法七和方法九更好一些,而方法五和方法十一会更差一些。

2、String转化为InputStream

2.1 JDK原生提供

InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(str.getBytes());

2.2 Apache Common提供

InputStream targetStream = IOUtils.toInputStream(str, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());

2.3 Google Guava提供

InputStream targetStream = new ReaderInputStream(CharSource.wrap(str).openStream(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
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