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配置和查看IPX路由和SAP服务

2019-11-05 00:41:39
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    本节主要进行ipX RIP路由选择协议和服务方面的有关实验。
  
    1.实验目的
  
    通过本实验,读者可以把握以下技能
    ●查看IPX路由表;
    ●配置IPX RIP协议;
    ●配置IPX服务;
    ●监测相关信息。
  
    2. 设备需求
    
    本实验需要以下设备:
    ●Cisco路由器2台,命名为R1和R2,要求最少具有1个以太网接口,并且IOS软件为Desktop版本以上;
    ●1条交叉线序的双绞线,或2条正常线序双绞线和1个Hub;
    ●1台终端服务器。如Cisco 2509路由器。及用于反向Telnet的相应电缆;
    ●1台带有超级终端程序的PC机,以及Console电缆及转接器。
  
    3. 拓扑结构及配置说明
  
    本实验拓扑结构如图9-2所示,2台路由器通过以太网连接起来。
  

    以太网段上的IPX网络号为12,R1的L0接口上的IPX网络号为AA,R2的L0接口上的IPX网络号为BB。
  
    4. 实验配置及监测结果
  
    第1部分:IPX RIP路由的配置和监测
  
    首先完成各有关接口的IPX配置。R1和R2路由器的配置见配置清常9-2。
  
    配置清单9-2 实验2各路由器的配置和监测信息
   
    第1段:R1路由器配置
    sh runn
    Building configuration...
  
    Current configuration : 857 bytes
    !
    version 12.1
    service timestamps debug uptime
    service timestamps log uptime
    no service passWord-encryption
    !
    hostname R1
    !
    ip subnet-zero
    !
    ipx routing 0000.0c76.f736
    !
    interface Loopback0
     no ip address
     ipx network AA
    !
    interface Ethemet0
     no ip address
     ipx network 12
    !
    ip classless
    ip http server
    !
    line con 0
     exec-timeout 0 0
     logging synchronous
    line aux 0
    line vty 0 4
    !
    end
    第2段:R2路由器配置
    Building configuration...
  
    Current configuration : 663 bytes
    !
    version 12.1
    service timestamps debug uptime
    service timestamps log uptime
    no service password-encryption
    !
    hostname R2
    !
    no logging console
    !
    ip subnet-zero
    no ip finger
    !
    ipx routing 0000.0c8e.cdd2
    !
    interface Loopback0
     no ip address
     ipx network BB
    !
    interface Ethernet0
     no ip address
     ipx network 12
    !
    ip classless
    ip http server
    !
    line con 0
     exec-timeout 0 0
     logging synchronous
    line aux 0
    line vty 0 4
    第3段:查看和配置IPX路由
    R1#sh ipx route
    Codes: C - Connected PRimary network,  c - Connected secondary network
       S - Static, F - Floating static, L - Local (internal), W - IPXWAN
       R - RIP, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, X - External, A - Aggregate
       s - seconds, u - uses, U - Per-user static
  
    3 Total IPX routes. Up to 1 parallel paths and 16 hops allowed.
  
    No default route known.
  
    C    12(NOVELL-ETHER), Et0
    C    AA (UNKNOWN), Lo0
    R    BB[02/01]via 12.0000.0c8e.cdd2, 33s,Et0
    R1#ping ipx BB.0000.0c8e.cdd2
    Type escape sequence to abort.
    Sending 5, 100-byte IPX Novell Echoes to BB.0000.0c8e.cdd2, timeout is 2 seconds:
    !!!!!
    SUCcess rate is 100 percent(5/5),round-trip min/avg/max=4/4/4 ms
    R1#
    Term_Server#2
    [Resuming connection 2 to R2 ... ]
  
    R2#sh ipx route
    Codes: C - Connected primary network, c - Connected secondary network
       S - Static, F - Floating static, L - Local (internal), W - IPXWAN
       R - RIP, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, X - External, A - Aggregate
       s - seconds, u - uses, U - Per-user static
  
    3 Total IPX routes. Up to 1 parallel paths and 16 hops allowed.
  
    No default route known.
  
    C    12(NOVELL-ETHER),Et0
    C    BB(UNKNOWN), Lo0
    R    AA[02/01]via 12.0000.0c76.f736, 3s,Et0
    R2#ping ipx aa.0000.0c76.f736
  
    Type escape sequence to abort.
    Sending 5, 100-byte IPX Novell Echoes to AA.OOOO.Oc76.f736, timeout is 2 seconds:
    !!!!!
    Success rate is 100 percent(5/5),round-trip min/avg/max=4/4/8 ms
    R2#conft
    Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
    R2(config)#no ipx router rip
    R2(config)#^Z
    R2#sh ipx route
    Codes: C - Connected primary network, c - Connected secondary network
       S - Static, F - Floating static, L - Local (internal), W - IPXWAN
       R - RIP, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, X - External, A - Aggregate
       s - seconds, u - uses, U - Per-user static
  
    2 Total IPX routes. Up to 1 parallel paths and 16 hops allowed.
  
    No default route known.
  
    R2#conft
    Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
    R2(config)#ipx router rip
    R2(config-ipx-router)#network all
    R2(config-ipx-router)#^Z
    R2#cle ipx route *
    R2#sh ipx route
    Codes: C - Connected primary network, c - Connected secondary network
       S - Static, F - Floating static, L - Local (internal), W - IPXWAN
       R - RIP, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, X - External, A - Aggregate
       s - seconds, u - uses, U - Per-user static
  
    3 Total IPX routes. Up to 1 parallel paths and 16 hops allowed.
  
    No default route known.
  
    C   12 (NOVELL-ETHER), Et0
    C   BB (UNKNOWN), Lo0
    R   AA [02/01)via 12.0000.0c76.f736,2s,Et0
  
    R2#debiug ipx routing ?
     activity  IPX RIP routing activity
     events   IPX RIP routing events
  
    R2#debug ipx routing events
    IPX routing events debugging is on
    R2#
    06:22:16: IPXRIP: positing full updatetoBB.ffff.ffff.ffff via Loopback0(broadcast)
    R2#
    06:23:07: IPXRIP: positing full update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff via Ethernet0(broadcast)
    R2#
    06:23:16: IPXRIP: positing full-update to BB.ffff.ffff.ffff via Loopback0(broadcast)
    R2#undebug all
    All possible debugging has been turned off
  
    (1)在R1和R2的配置中,按实验1的步骤启动IPX路由,并对L0、E0接口进行相应的配置即可。
    (2)sh ipx route是查看IPX路由表的命令,其运行结果表明:从R1到R2的L0接口网段BB,存在1条路径,相对应的下一跳点是12.0000.0c8e.cdd2,即R2的E0接口,其路由类型是RIP。
    我们在前面的配置中,从来没有配置任何IPX路由协议,路由器为什么能自动学习到不直接相连的IPX网段的路由信息呢?这是由于IPX RIP路由选择协议已经默认地在路由器上运行的缘故。
    IPX RIP协议运行在两台路由器上,但列路由器运行配置时并不能看到有关它的配置,它是缺省的配置。不在配置清单中显示。假如关闭IPX RIP协议,列配置清单时可以看到no ipxrouter rip的配置语句。
    (3)路由表项中的宇段意义:
    R   AA[O2/01]via   12.0000.0c760n36,3s,Et0
    R:此路由项是由IPX RIP获取;
    AA:目标网络号;
    [02/01]:IPX RIP度量值,02是"tick"(滴答)数(1 tick约等于1/18秒),01是跳数;
    via:经由;
    12.0000.0c760n36:下一跳地址;
    3s:3秒,本条路由已存在的时间;
    Et0:Ethernet0接口,是通往下一跳点的接口号。
    (4)ping ipx aa.0000.0c76.f736(R1路由器L0接口地址)显示由IPX RIP得到的路由表是可用的。
  (5)使用no ipx router rip命令关闭IPX RIP路由协议后,IPX路由表中相应的路由项不再存在。
    (6)配置IPX RIP协议所用的基本命令很简单,其中的network all是指把R2上所有网络加入到IPX RIP中。
    (7)可以使用debug ipx routing events来监测IPX路由更新和变化的信息。
  
    第2部分:配置和监测IPX SAP服务
  
    SAP服务发布节点(如文件服务器、打印服务器等)所提供的服务和IPX地址的信息到整个网络。
  
    监测清单9-2演示了SAP协议所提供的上述服务。
  
    监测清单9-2配置和监测SAP协议
  
    R2(config)#ipx sap 4 FILE_SVR BB .0000.0000.0001 ?
     <0-FFFFFFFF> Socket number
  
    R2(config)#ipx sap 4 FILE_SVR BB.0000.0000.0001 150 ?
     <1-254> Hop count
  
    R2(config)#ipx sap 4 FILE_SVR BB.0000.0000.0001 150 1
    R2(config)#ipx sap 7 PRINT_SVR BB.0000.0000.0002 151 1
    R2(config)#^Z
    R2#sh ipx servers
    Codes: S - Static, P - Periodic, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, H - Hoiddown, + = detail
    U - Per-user static
    2 Total IPX Servers
  
    Table ordering is based on routing and server info
  
       Type Name    Net   Address  Port  Route Hops ltf
    S  4FILE_SVR     BB.0000.0000.0001:0150   conn 1  Lo0
    S  7PRINT_SVR    BB.0000.0000.0002:0150   conn 1  Lo0
  
    R2#
    Term_Server#1
    [Resuming connection 1 to R1 ... ]
    R1#sh ipx servers
    Codes: S - Static, P - Periodic, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, H - Hoiddown, + = detail
    U - Per-user static
    2 Total IPX Servers
  
    Table ordering is based on routing and server info
  
        Type Name       Net  Address  Port  Route Hops Itf
    P 4FILE_SVR      BB.0000.0000.0001:0150   2/01  2  Et0
    P 7PRINT_SVR     BB.0000.0000.0002:0150   2/01  2   Et0
    R1#
    R1#debug ipx sap ?
     activity IPX Service Advertisement packets
     events  IPX Service: Advartisement events
  
    R1#debug ipx sap act
    IPX service debugging is on
    R1#cle ipx sap *
    R1#IPXSAP:General Query src=12.0000.0c76.f736,dst=12.ffff.ffff.ffff,packet sent(via Ethernst0)
    R1#IPXSAP:General Query src=AA.0000.0c76.f736,dst=AA.ffff.ffff.ffff,packet sent(via Loopback0)
    06:55:28: IPXSAP;
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: positing update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff via Ethernet0 (broadcast) (Flash)
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: positing update to AA.ffff.ffff.ffff via Loopback0 (broadcast) (flash)
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: Response (in) type 0x2 len 160 src:12.0000.0c8e.cdd2 dest:12.0000.0c76.f736(452)
    06:55:28: type 0x7,"PRINT_SVR",BB.0000.0000.0002(151),2 hops
    06:55;28: type 0x4,"FILE_SVR",BB.0000.0000.0001(150),2 hops
    R1#
    06:55:28: IPXSAP:type 0x7 server"PRINT_SVR"distance lowered;new entry accepted[2/1/2]
    06:55:28: IPXSAP:type 0x4 server"FILE_SVR"distance lowered;new entry accepted[2/1/2]
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: positing update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffffvia Ethernet0 (broadcast) (flash)
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: positing update to AA.ffff.ffff.ffffvia Loopback0 (broadcast) (flash)
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: suppressing null update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: Update type 0x2 len 160 src:AA.0000.0c76.f736 dest:AA.ffff.ffff.ffff(452)
    06:55:28: type 0x4,"FILE_SVR",BB.0000.0000.0001(150),3 hops
    06:55:28: type 0x7,"PRINT_SVR",BB.0000.0000.0002(151),3 hops
    R1#
    06:55:29: IPXSAP: suppressing null update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff
    06:55:29: IPXSAP: suppressing null update to AA.ffff.ffff.ffff
    R1#
    06:55:47: IPXSAP: positing update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff via Ethernet0 (broadcast) (full)
    06:55:47: IPXSAP: suppressing null update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff
    R1#
  
    (1)为了测试的目的,我们定义了2个静态的SAP服务,一个是类型为4的文件服务器FILE_SVR,另一个是类型为7的打印服务器PRINT_SVR,并分别给出了它们的IPX地址。套接字号和跳数。
    (2)在R2上的sh ipx servers命令查到了刚刚定义的2个服务器,其状态是S,即静态,跳数为1。
    (3)在R1上使用sh ipx servers命令看到了类似的结果,跳数值在此处变成了2。
    (4)监测SAP协议的工作的同时,我们使用了clear ipx sap*命令,这迫使SAP进行更新。
    监测结果记录了SAP协议查询和更新的全部信息。


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