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IP网络路由技术简介及Cisco路由器配置

2019-11-05 00:38:02
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  ip网络路由技术简介
   基于TCP/IP协议的Internet已逐步发展成为当今世界上规模最大、拥有用户和资源最多的一个超大型计算机网络,TCP/IP协议也因此成为事实上的工业标准。IP网络正逐步成为当代乃至未来计算机网络的主流。 IP网络是由通过路由设备互连起来的IP子网构成的,这些路由设备负责在IP子网间寻找路由,并将IP分组转发到下一个IP子网。
  IP地址
  IP地址是IP网络中数据传输的依据,它标识了IP网络中的一个连接,一台主机可以有多个IP地址。IP分组中的IP地址在网络传输中是保持不变的。
  1.基本地址格式
  现在的IP网络使用32位地址,以点分十进制表示,如172.16.0.0。地址格式为:IP地址=网络地址+主机地址 或 IP地址=主机地址+子网地址+主机地址。
  网络地址是由Internet权力机构(InterNIC)统一分配的,目的是为了保证网络地址的全球唯一性。主机地址是由各个网络的系统治理员分配。因此,网络地址的唯一性与网络内主机地址的唯一性确保了IP地址的全球唯一性。
  2.保留地址的分配
  根据用途和安全性级别的不同,IP地址还可以大致分为两类:公共地址和私有地址。公用地址在Internet中使用,可以在Internet中随意访问。私有地址只能在内部网络中使用,只有通过代理服务器才能与Internet通信。
  一个机构或网络要连入Internet,必须申请公用IP地址。但是考虑到网络安全和内部实验等非凡情况,在IP地址中专门保留了三个区域作为私有地址,其地址范围如下:
  10.0.0.0/8:10.0.0.0~10.255.255.255
  172.16.0.0/12:172.16.0.0~172.31.255.255
  192.168.0.0/16:192.168.0.0~192.168.255.255
  使用保留地址的网络只能在内部进行通信,而不能与其他网络互连。因为本网络中的保留地址同样也可能被其他网络使用,假如进行网络互连,那么寻找路由时就会因为地址的不唯一而出现问题。但是这些使用保留地址的网络可以通过将本网络内的保留地址翻译转换成公共地址的方式实现与外部网络的互连。这也是保证网络安全的重要方法之一。  
  无类域间路由(CIDR)
  由于每年连入Internet的主机数成倍增长,因此Internet面临B类地址匮乏、路由表爆炸和整个地址耗尽等危机。无类域间路由(CIDR)就是为解决这些问题而开发的一种直接的解决方案,它使Internet得到足够的时间来等待新一代IP协议的产生。
  按CIDR策略,可采用申请几个C类地址取代申请一个单独的B类地址的方式来解决B类地址的匮乏问题。所分配的C类地址不是随机的,而是连续的,它们的最高位相同,即具有相同的前缀,因此路由表就只需用一个表项来表示一组网络地址,这种方法称为“路由表聚类”。
  另外,除了“路由表聚类”措施外,还可以由每个ISP从InterNIC获得一段地址空间后,再将这些地址分配给用户。  
  路由选择技术
  IP网络中的路由选择是由路由设备完成的。路由器通过执行一定的路由协议,为IP数据报寻找一条到达目的主机或网络的最佳路由,并转发该数据报,实现路由选择。
  1.路由协议 路由协议分为两大类: 
  路由选择协议(Routing PRotocol) 这类协议使用一定的路由算法找出到达目的主机或网络的最佳路径,如RIP(路由信息协议)等。 
  路由传送协议(Routed Protocol) 这类协议沿已选好的路径传送数据报,如通过IP协议能将物理连接转变成网络连接,实现网络层的主要功能——路由选择。
  2.直连路由与非直连路由
  IP协议是根据路由来转发数据的。路由器中的路由有两种:直连路由和非直连路由。
  路由器各网络接口所直连的网络之间使用直连路由进行通信。直连路由是在配置完路由器网络接口的IP地址后自动生成的,因此,假如没有对这些接口进行非凡的限制,这些接口所直连的网络之间就可以直接通信。
  由两个或多个路由器互连的网络之间的通信使用非直连路由。非直连路由是指人工配置的静态路由或通过运行动态路由协议而获得的动态路由。其中静态路由比动态路由具有更高的可操作性和安全性。
  IP网络已经逐渐成为现代网络的标准,用IP协议组建网络时,必须使用路由设备将各个IP子网互连起来,并且在IP子网间使用路由机制,通过IP网关互连形成层次性的网际网。
  
  Cisco路由器配置
  
  <>Cisco2511拨入配置 <>Cisco2509 CallBack典型配置 <>Cisco Router之间CallBack典型配置
  <>拨号备份 : 一、DDN设置 二、ROUTERB (CALLER) 三、Hayes modem的设置
  
  Cisco2511拨入配置
  version 12.0
  service timestamps debug uptime
  service timestamps log uptime
  service passWord-encryption
  service udp-small-servers
  service tcp-small-servers
  !
  hostname dialin_2511_radius
  !
  aaa new-model
  aaa authentication login default radius
  aaa authentication login no_radius local
  aaa authentication login admin none
  aaa authentication enable default enable
  aaa authentication ppp default if-needed radius
  aaa authorization exec default radius if-authenticated
  aaa authorization network default radius
  aaa accounting suppress null-username
  aaa accounting network default start-stop radius
  enable secret 5 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
  enable password 7 YYYYYYYYYYYYYY
  !
  username admin password 7 ZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
  ip subnet-zero
  ip address-pool local
  async-bootp dns-server 192.168.2.4
  chat-script factory-default "" "AT&F1&W"
  chat-script cisco-default ABORT ERROR "" "AT Z" OK "ATDT /T" TIMEOUT 3 0 /c CONNECT /c
  chat-script usr-courier-veverything "" "AT&FS0=1&C1&D2&H1&R2&N14&B1&W"
  !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 192.168.2.30 255.255.255.0
  !
  interface Serial0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  ! interface Group-Async1
  ip unnumbered Ethernet0
  no ip directed-broadcast
  encapsulation ppp
  no ip route-cache
  no ip mroute-cache
  async mode interactive
  peer default ip address pool default
  no cdp enable
  ppp authentication pap chap
  group-range 1 16
  !
  ip local pool default 192.168.2.64 192.168.2.79
  ip classless
  ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1
  !
  radius-server host 192.168.2.99 auth-port 1645
  acct-port 1646 radius-server key Testing_radius
  !
  line con 0
  session-timeout 10
  exec-timeout 0 0
  login authentication no_radius
  transport preferred none
  transport input none
  line 1 16
  autoselect ppp
  modem InOut
  transport input all
  speed 57600
  flowcontrol hardware
  line aux 0
  transport input all
  line vty 0 4
  exec-timeout 30 0
  login authentication no_radius
  !
  end
  
  Cisco2509 CallBack典型配置
  version 11.3
  service timestamps debug uptime
  service timestamps log uptime
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname Router
  !
  enable password cisco
  !
  username cisco callback-dialstring "" callback-rotary 1 password 0 cisco
  !
  chat-script cb "" "ATDT/T" TIMEOUT 60 CONNECT
  !
  !
  !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 192.168.1.201 255.255.255.0
  !
  interface Serial0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Group-Async1
  ip unnumbered Ethernet0
  encapsulation ppp
  dialer in-band
  async mode dedicated
  peer default ip address pool mypool
  no cdp enable
  ppp callback accept
  ppp authentication chap group-range 1 8
  ! ip local pool mypool 192.168.1.221 192.168.1.228
  no ip classless
  !
  !
  line con 0
  line 1 8
  script callback cb
  rotary 1
  modem InOut
  transport input all
  flowcontrol hardware line aux 0 transport input all flowcontrol hardware line vty 0 4 password cisco login ! end
  
  Cisco Router之间CallBack典型配置
  CallBack Server-------------------------------------
  version 11.3
  service timestamps debug uptime
  service timestamps log uptime
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname server
  !
  enable password cisco
  !
  username client password 0 cisco
  chat-script cb "" "ATDT/T" TIMEOUT 60 CONNECT
  !
  !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 192.168.1.201 255.255.255.0
  no keepalive
  !
  interface Serial0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Async8
  ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
  encapsulation ppp
  dialer in-band
  dialer map ip 10.1.1.1 name client class cb 228
  dialer-group 1
  async mode dedicated
  no peer default ip address
  no cdp enable
  ppp callback accept
  ppp authentication chap
  !
  !
  no ip classless
  ip route 160.4.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1
  ! !
  map-class dialer cb
  dialer callback-server username
  dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit
  !
  line con 0
  line 1 8
  script dialer cb
  login local
  modem InOut
  transport input all
  flowcontrol hardware
  line aux 0
  line vty 0 4
  password cisco
  login
  !
  end
  CallBack Client--------------------------------------
  version 11.2
  no service udp-small-servers
  no service tcp-small-servers
  !
  hostname client
  !
  enable secret 5 $1$agg8$blP5tNZMOq0xYXvsO/hGG0
  enable password admin
  !
  username server password 0 cisco
  chat-script cb "" "ATDT/T" TIMEOUT 60 CONNECT
  !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 160.4.1.98 255.255.255.224
  no keepalive
  !
  interface Serial0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Async1
  ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
  encapsulation ppp
  async mode dedicated
  dialer in-band
  dialer map ip 10.1.1.2 name server 391
  dialer-group 1
  no cdp enable
  ppp callback request
  ppp authentication chap
  !
  no ip classless
  ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2
  !
  dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit
  !
  line con 0
  line aux 0
  script dialer cb
  login local
  modem InOut
  transport input all
  flowcontrol hardware
  line vty 0 4
  password cisco
  login
  !
  end
  
  拨号备份
  一、 DDN设置
  (一)、ROUTER A(CALLER)
  Router#
  Router#sh run
  Building configuration...
  Current configuration:
  !
  version 11.3
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname Router
  !
  enable secret 5 $1$rAk2$zromrvFspaNC7ICZihqcD/
  enable password cisco
  !
  chat-script config-modem "" ATDT408 TIMEOUT 30 CONNECT /c
  !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 132.147.160.111 255.255.255.0
  no mop enabled
  !
  interface Serial0
  backup delay 10 10
  backup interface Async9
  ip address 200.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
  encapsulation ppp
  no ip mroute-cache
  clockrate 64000
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Async9
  ip address 200.2.2.1 255.255.255.0
  encapsulation ppp
  dialer in-band
  dialer map ip 200.2.2.2 modem-script config-modem 408
  dialer-group 1
  async mode dedicated
  !
  ip classless
  ip route 132.147.161.0 255.255.255.0 200.1.1.2 10
  ip route 132.147.161.0 255.255.255.0 200.2.2.2 100
  dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit
  !
  line con 0
  line 1 8
  line aux 0
  modem InOut
  flowcontrol hardware line vty 0 4
  password cisco
  login
  !
  end
  Router#sh line
  Tty Typ Tx/Rx A Modem Roty AccO AccI Uses Noise Overruns
  * 0 CTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  1 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  2 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  3 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  4 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  5 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  6 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  7 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  8 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  9 AUX 9600/9600 - inout - - - 0 0 0/0
  10 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  11 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  12 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  13 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  14 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  Router#sh line aux 0
  Tty Typ Tx/Rx A Modem Roty AccO AccI Uses Noise Overruns
  9 AUX 9600/9600 - inout - - - 0 0 0/0
  
  Line 9, Location: "", Type: ""
  Length: 24 lines, Width: 80 columns
  Baud rate (TX/RX) is 9600/9600, no parity, 2 stopbits, 8 databits
  Status: none
  Capabilities: Hardware Flowcontrol In, Hardware Flowcontrol Out
  Modem Callout, Modem RI is CD, Line is permanent async interface
  Modem state: Idle
  Modem hardware state: CTS* noDSR noDTR RTS
  Special Chars: Escape Hold Stop Start Disconnect Activation ^^x none - - none
  Timeouts: Idle EXEC Idle Session Modem Answer Session Dispatch 00:10:00 never none not set Idle Session Disconnect Warning
  never
  Modem type is unknown.
  Session limit is not set.
  Time since activation: never
  Editing is enabled.
  History is enabled, history size is 10.
  DNS resolution in show commands is enabled
  Full user help is disabled
  Allowed transports are pad v120 telnet rlogin mop. Preferred is telnet.
  No output characters are padded
  No special data dispatching characters
  Router#sh s0
  ^
  % Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
  Router#sh int s0 Serial0 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.1/24
  Backup interface Async9, kickin load not set, kickout load not set
  failure delay 10 sec,
  secondary disable delay 10 sec
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:02, output 00:00:03, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  49 packets input, 2127 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 49 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  48 packets output, 1795 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 4 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures,
  0 output buffers swapped out
  3 carrier transitions
  DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
  Router#sh int a9
  Async9 is standby mode, line protocol is down
  Hardware is Async Serial
  Internet address is 200.2.2.1/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:03:09, output 00:03:22, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  15 packets input, 1184 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  1 input errors, 1 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  66 packets output, 1917 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 7 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#!*******************************************************
  Router#
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to down
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Async9, changed state to down
  Router#sh int a9
  Async9 is up (spoofing), line protocol is up (spoofing)
  Hardware is Async Serial
  Internet address is 200.2.2.1/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:06:41, output 00:06:55, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  15 packets input, 1184 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  1 input errors, 1 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  66 packets output, 1917 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 7 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is down, line protocol is down
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.1/24
  Backup interface Async9, kickin load not set, kickout load not set
  failure delay 10 sec, secondary disable delay 10 sec
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:02:25, output 00:02:25, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  81 packets input, 3189 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 81 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  81 packets output, 3106 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 9 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  4 carrier transitions
  DCD=up DSR=up DTR=down RTS=down CTS=up
  Router#$************************************************************
  Router#ping 132.147.161.111
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 132.147.161.111, timeout is 2 seconds: .....
  SUCcess rate is 0 percent (0/5)
  Router#
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Async9, changed state to up
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Async9, changed state to up
  Router#ping 132.147.161.111
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 132.147.161.111, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!!
  Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 376/386/404 ms
  Router#sh int a9
  Async9 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Async Serial
  Internet address is 200.2.2.1/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:10, output 00:00:10, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 1/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  27 packets input, 2064 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  2 input errors, 2 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  77 packets output, 2514 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 7 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is down, line protocol is down
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.1/24
  Backup interface Async9, kickin load not set, kickout load not set
  failure delay 10 sec, secondary disable delay 10 sec
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:03:51, output 00:03:51, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  81 packets input, 3189 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 81 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  81 packets output, 3106 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 12 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  4 carrier transitions
  DCD=up DSR=up DTR=down RTS=down CTS=up
  Router#!*****************************************************************
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to up
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Async9, changed state to down
  %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Async9, changed state to standby mode
  Router#ping 132.147.161.111
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 132.147.161.111, timeout is 2 seconds:
  !!!!!
  Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/32/32 ms
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.1/24
  Backup interface Async9, kickin load not set, kickout load not set failure delay 10 sec, secondary disable delay 10 sec
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:01, output 00:00:01, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 115 packets input, 5131 bytes, 0 no buffer Received
  115 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  115 packets output, 5035 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 14 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  13 carrier transitions
  DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
  
  Router#sh int
  a9 Async9 is standby mode, line protocol is down
  Hardware is Async Serial Internet address is 200.2.2.1/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:01:42, output 00:01:42, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  33 packets input, 2852 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  2 input errors, 2 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  82 packets output, 3019 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 8 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#
  
  (二)、ROUTERB (CALLER)
  Router#sh run
  Building configuration...
  Current configuration:
  !
  version 11.3
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname Router
  !
  enable secret 5 $1$ywCg$Hm9E3ga.xYAbzVTEvPPT3.
  enable password cisco
  ! !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 132.147.161.111 255.255.255.0
  no mop
  enabled
  !
  interface Serial0
  ip address 200.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
  encapsulation ppp no ip mroute-cache
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address shutdown
  !
  interface Async1
  ip address 200.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 e
  ncapsulation ppp
  async mode dedicated
  pulse-time 60
  !
  ip classless ip route 132.147.160.0 255.255.255.0 200.1.1.1
  ip route 132.147.160.0 255.255.255.0 200.2.2.1 2
  !
  line con 0 line aux 0
  flowcontrol hardware
  line vty 0 4
  password cisco
  login
  !
  end
  
  Router#sh line aux 0
  Tty Typ Tx/Rx A Modem Roty AccO AccI Uses Noise Overruns
  A 1 AUX 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  
  Line 1, Location: "", Type: ""
  Length: 24 lines, Width: 80 columns
  Baud rate (TX/RX) is 9600/9600, no parity, 2 stopbits, 8 databits
  Status: Ready, Active, Async Interface Active
  Capabilities: Hardware Flowcontrol In, Hardware Flowcontrol Out
  Line is permanent async interface
  Modem state: Ready
  Line is running PPP for address 200.2.2.1.
  0 output packets queued, 1 input packets.
  Async Escape map is 00000000000000000101000000000000
  Modem hardware state: CTS* DSR* DTR RTS
  Special Chars: Escape Hold Stop Start Disconnect Activation
  ^^x none - - none
  Timeouts: Idle EXEC Idle Session Modem Answer
  Session Dispatch 00:10:00 never none not set
  Idle Session Disconnect Warning never
  Modem type is unknown.
  Session limit is not set.
  Time since activation: never
  Editing is enabled. History is enabled, history size is 10.
  DNS resolution in show commands is enabled
  Full user help is disabled
  Allowed transports are pad v120 telnet rlogin mop. Preferred is telnet.
  No output characters are padded
  No special data dispatching characters
  Router#sh line
  Tty Typ Tx/Rx A Modem Roty AccO AccI Uses Noise Overruns
  * 0 CTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0 A
  1 AUX 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  2 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  3 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  4 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  5 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  6 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 200.1.1.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:05, output 00:00:05, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  74 packets input, 2733 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 74 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  75 packets output, 3093 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 4 interface resets 0 output buffer failures,
  0 output buffers swapped out
  3 carrier transitions
  DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
  Router#sh int a1
  Async1 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Async Serial Internet address is 200.2.2.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 60 seconds on reset
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:05:23, output 00:00:10, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 1/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  33 packets input, 1125 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  31 packets output, 2888 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#!**************************************************************
  Router#
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to down
  Router#sh int a9 ^
  % Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
  Router#sh int a1
  Async1 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Async Serial Internet address is 200.2.2.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 60 seconds on reset
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:07:20, output 00:00:07, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 1/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  33 packets input, 1125 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  33 packets output, 3454 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#wr
  Building configuration...
  [OK]
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is down, line protocol is down
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:02:15, output 00:02:15, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  81 packets input, 3106 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 81 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  81 packets output, 3189 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 9 interface resets 0 output buffer failures,
  0 output buffers swapped out
  4 carrier transitions
  DCD=down DSR=down DTR=up RTS=up CTS=down
  Router#!************************************************************
  Router#sh int a1
  Async1 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Async Serial Internet address is 200.2.2.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 60 seconds on reset
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:35, output 00:00:35, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 1/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  44 packets input, 1722 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  46 packets output, 4617 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is down, line protocol is down
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit,
  DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:04:17, output 00:04:17, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold) Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  81 packets input, 3106 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 81 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  81 packets output, 3189 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 13 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  4 carrier transitions
  DCD=down DSR=down DTR=up RTS=up CTS=down Router#ping 200.2.2.1
  
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 200.2.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
  !!!!!
  Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 380/387/408 ms Router#!********************************************************************
  Router#
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to up
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up
  Router#sh int a1
  Async1 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Async Serial
  Internet address is 200.2.2.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 60 seconds on reset
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:54, output 00:00:54, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 1/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops:
  0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  49 packets input, 2227 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  52 packets output, 5405 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures,
  0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  97 packets input, 3606 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 97 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  98 packets output, 3979 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 14 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  7 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
  Router#ping 200.1.1.1
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 200.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
  !!!!!
  Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/32/32 ms
  Router#
  
  
  (三)、Hayes modem的设置
  1、RouterA(caller)
  at
  OK
  at&v
  ACTIVE PROFILE: B1 B16 B30 B41 B52 B60 B70 B75 B80 E1 L2 M1 N1 P Q0 V1 W0 X4 Y0 &A0 &B1 &C1 &D3 &G0 &K3 &L0 &Q5 &R0 &S0 &T4 &U0 &X0 &Y0 S00:000 S02:043 S03:013 S04:010 S05:008 S06:002 S07:050 S08:002 S09:006 S10:014 S11:095 S12:050 S25:005 S26:001 S36:007 S37:000 S38:020 S46:002 S48:007
  STORED PROFILE 0: B1 B16 B30 B41 B52 B60 B70 B75 B80 E1 L2 M1 N1 P Q0 V1 W0 X4 Y0 &A0 &B1 &C1 &D3 &G0 &K3 &L0 &Q5 &R0 &S0 &T4 &U0 &X0 S00:000 S02:043 S06:002 S07:050 S08:002 S09:006 S10:014 S11:095 S12:050 S25:005 S26:001 S36:007 S37:000 S38:020 S46:002 S48:007 S108:001
  STORED PROFILE 1: B1 B16 B30 B41 B52 B60 B70 B75 B80 E1 L2 M1 N1 P Q0 V1 W0 X4 Y0 &A0 &B1 &C0 &D0 &G0 &K3 &L0 &Q5 &R0 &S0 &T4 &U0 &X0 S00:000 S02:043 S06:002 S07:050 S08:002 S09:006 S10:014 S11:095 S12:050 S25:005 S26:001 S36:007 S37:000 S38:020 S46:002 S48:007 S108:001
  TELEPHONE NUMBERS:
  &Z0=402
  &Z1=
  &Z2=
  &Z3=
  OK
  AT&FS0=1&C1&D3&W
  
  2、RouterB(Server中心)
  at&fe0q1&w或
  at&fs0=1&d3&w


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