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加装防火墙前后的路由器配置

2019-11-05 00:29:05
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  随着人们对网络知识的普及,企业或公司的网络安全性,就变得更加重要起来了。关于网络安全的最可靠方法是加装防火墙。
  在这里我讲述一下关于加装防火墙前后的路由配置变化,因为在原先没有防火墙的情况下,路由既起到路由选择的作用,又起到网关的作用。当加装防火墙的后,局域网的网关就设为防火墙的局域网ip地址。要修改路由首先还是先看该网络的拓扑结构。在这里我所描述的是这样拓扑结构:
  
 

  
图1

  
  一、先将进入路由器设置将原来的配置备份一份,虽然这一份备份以后不一定用的上,可是万一防火墙安装失败呢?
  
 

  
图2

  
  下面为没有安装防火墙以前的路由器配置情况。
  User access Verification
  
  PassWord: (键入TELNET密码,假如你是直接用CONSOLE口进入没有此项提示)
  
  Router>en
  
  Password:
  
  Router#show config (察看ROUTER配置情况命令)
  
  Using 810 out of 7506 bytes
  
  !
  
  version 12.1
  
  service timestamps debug uptime
  
  service timestamps log uptime
  
  no service password-encryption
  
  !
  
  hostname Router (ROUTER名字,这里为默认名字ROUTER)
  
  !
  
  enable secret 5 $1$FreK$4oQGtvDEF1jv8dh3NNXnN0.
  
  enable password 123456789 (特权密码,当然这是加密的)
  
  !
  
  ip subnet-zero
  
  !
  
  interface Ethernet0 (配置局域网e0口)
  
  ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 (e0口在其局域网中对应的ip为192.168.1.1
  
  ip nat inside 255.255.255.0是表示为C类网络)
  
  !
  
  interface Ethernet1 (E1口没有激活,也没有配置)
  
  no ip address
  
  shutdown
  
  !
  
  interface Serial0
  
  bandwidth 2048
  
  ip address 211.97.213.41 255.255.255.252 (此为定义ROUTER外部接口的IP
  
  ip nat outside 255.255.255.252表示此合法的INTERNET-IP)
  
  encapsulation ppp
  
  !
  
  ip nat pool 165 211.97.213.41 211.97.213.46 netmask 255.255.255.248 (isp给你分配的ip)
  
  ip nat inside source list 1 pool 165 overload
  
  ip classless
  
  ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial0
  
  no ip http server
  
  !
  
  access-list 1 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
  
  !
  
  line con 0
  
  transport input none
  
  line vty 0 1
  
  password 123456
  
  login
  
  !
  
  end
  
  Router#
  
  
  二、按照图1装上防火墙。
  将从路由器到交换机上的线,改为先从路由器到防火墙,然后用防火墙的E0口接交换机。
  

  
图3

  
  进入路由器配置模式修改,将路由器的配置改为:
  Using 942 out of 7506 bytes
  
  !
  
  version 12.1
  
  service timestamps debug uptime
  
  service timestamps log uptime
  
  service password-encryption
  
  !
  
  hostname router
  
  !enable secret 5 $1$FreK$4oQGtvDEF1jv8dh3NNXnN0
  
  enable password 123455676!
  
  !
  
  ip subnet-zero
  
  !
  
  crypto ipsec transform-set test esp-des esp-md5-hmac
  
  !
  
  crypto map vpnmap 1 ipsec-isakmp
  
  ! Incomplete
  
  set transform-set test
  
  match address 100
  
  interface Ethernet0
  
  ip address 211.97.213.41 255.255.255.248
  
  interface Ethernet1
  
  no ip address
  
  ip nat inside
  
  no ip route-cache
  
  no ip mroute-cache
  
  shutdown
  
  !
  
  !
  
  interface Serial0
  
  description internet
  
  bandwidth 2048
  
  ip address 211.97.209.145 255.255.255.252
  
  ip nat outside
  
  encapsulation ppp
  
  no ip route-cache
  
  no ip mroute-cache
  
  !
  
  ip classless
  
  ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial0
  
  ip http server
  
  !
  
  route-map nonat permit 10
  
  match ip address 110
  
  !
  
  !
  
  line con 0
  
  transport input none
  
  line vty 0 4
  
  password 123456
  
  login
  
  !
  
  end
  
  三、这时候,你可以配置你的防火墙了,以下是防火墙的配置情况:
  PIX Version 5.1(2)
  
  nameif ethernet0 outside security0
  
  nameif ethernet1 inside security100
  
  nameif ethernet2 pix/intf2 security10
  
  hostname imrac_c_pix
  
  fixup PRotocol FTP 21
  
  fixup protocol http 80
  
  fixup protocol h323 1720
  
  fixup protocol rsh 514
  
  fixup protocol smtp 25
  
  fixup protocol sqlnet 1521
  
  no names
  
  access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0
  
  access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 192.100.0.0 255.255.255.0
  
  
  pager lines 24
  
  logging on
  
  no logging timestamp
  
  no logging standby
  
  no logging console
  
  no logging monitor
  
  no logging buffered
  
  no logging trap
  
  logging facility 20
  
  logging queue 512
  
  interface ethernet0 auto
  
  interface ethernet1 auto
  
  interface ethernet2 auto shutdown
  
  mtu outside 1500
  
  mtu inside 1500
  
  mtu pix/intf2 1500
  
  ip address outside 211.97.213.44 255.255.255.248
  
  ip address inside 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
  
  ip address pix/intf2 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255
  
  no failover
  
  failover timeout 0:00:00
  
  failover ip address outside 0.0.0.0
  
  failover ip address inside 0.0.0.0
  
  failover ip address pix/intf2 0.0.0.0
  
  arp timeout 14400
  
  global (outside) 1 211.97.213.45 netmask 255.255.255.248
  
  nat (inside) 0 access-list 100
  
  nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 0
  
  route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 211.97.213.41 1
  
  timeout xlate 3:00:00 conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00
  
  timeout rpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00
  
  aaa-server RADIUS protocol radius
  
  no snmp-server location
  
  no snmp-server contact
  
  snmp-server community public
  
  no snmp-server enable traps
  
  floodguard enable
  
  sysopt connection permit-ipsec
  
  crypto ipsec transform-set trans esp-des esp-md5-hmac
  
  crypto map vpnmap 40 ipsec-isakmp
  
  crypto map vpnmap 40 match address 100
  
  crypto map vpnmap 40 set transform-set trans
  
  crypto map vpnmap interface outside
  
  isakmp enable outside
  
  isakmp identity address
  
  isakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share
  
  isakmp policy 1 encryption des
  
  isakmp policy 1 hash md5
  
  isakmp policy 1 group 1
  
  isakmp policy 1 lifetime 86400
  
  telnet 192.168.1.88 255.255.255.255 inside
  
  telnet timeout 5
  
  terminal width 80
  
  Cryptochecksum:7fd10854228b7e32b2808508f49a65a7


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