首先检查DLSw+定义的两个对等peers是否连通Router#show dlsw peersPeers: state pkts-rx pkts-tx type drops ckts TCP uptime TCP 17.18.15.1 CONNECT 16080 8400 conf 0 0 0 00.03.27 TCP 1.1.12.1 DISCONN 0 0 conf 0 0 0 00.00.00 Peers --- 对应"dlsw remote-peer"定义的对等peers IP地址.state --- 表示与对等peers的连接状态.其中:CONNECT表示对等peers已建立. CAP_EXG表示与远程peer交换性能信息. WAIT_RD是建立peer连接的最后一步,等待远程peer应答信息. DISCONN表示与对等peers没有建立连接,请参阅TCP/IP Troubleshooting检查TCP连接故障. WAN_BUSY表示TCP传输队列已满,不能传输数据. 若对等peers已建立连接,请查看性能交换信息. Router#show dlsw capabilities DLSw:Capabilities for peer 172.18.15.166 vendor id (OUI) : '00C' (cisco) version number : 1 release number : 0 init pacing window : 20 unsupported saps : none num of tcp sessions :1 loop prevent support : no icanreach mac-exclusive : no icanreach netbios-excl. : no reachable mac addresses : none reachable netbios names : none cisco version number : 1 peer group number : 0 border peer capable : no peer cost : 3 biu-segment configured : no local-ack configured: yes priority configured: no version string : Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) GS Software (GS7-K-M), Experimental Version11.1(10956) [sbales 139] Copyright (c) 1986-1996 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Thu 30-May-96 09:12 by sbales8
交换过性能信息后,就要寻找目的MAC地址了,显示出所有的路由器能够到达的MAC地址(本地和远端)Router#show dlsw reachabilityDLSw MAC address reachability cache listMac Addr status Loc. peer/port rif0000.810f.6500 FOUND LOCAL TBridge-001 --no rif--0006.e918.7b70 FOUND LOCAL TBridge-001 --no rif--1000.5ae3.03f7 FOUND LOCAL TBridge-001 --no rif--7500.9221.0000 FOUND REMOTE 16.201.30.250(2065) max-lf(4472)7500.9221.0000 SEARCHING LOCALDLSw NetBIOS Name reachability cache listNetBIOS Name status Loc. peer/port rifSXUSER2 FOUND LOCAL TBridge-001 --no rif-- 若本地MAC地址和目的MAC地址状态均是FOUND,请参看第五步. SEARCHING表示在寻找本地MAC地址或目的MAC地址.此时用show interface serial命令查看该口连接的PU状态. NOT_FOUND表示没有收到对PU轮询的应答. VERIFY表示确认缓存内信息.
在SERACHING本地MAC地址或目的MAC地址.Router#show interface serial 0Serial1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation SDLC, loopback not set Router link station role: SECONDARY (DTE) Router link station metrics: group poll not enabled poll-wait 40000 seconds N1 (max frame size) 12016 bits modulo 8 sdlc vmac: 4000.5555.00-- sdlc addr C1 state is DISCONNECT cls_state is CLS_STN_CLOSED VS 0, VR 0, Remote VR 0, Current retransmit count 0 Hold queue: 0/200 IFRAMEs 0/0 TESTs 0/0 XIDs 0/0, DMs 0/0 FRMRs 0/0 RNRs 0/0 SNRMs 0/0 DISC/RDs 0/0 REJs 0/0 chain: C1/C1 Last input never, output never, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 19 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 6 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up说明:Encapsulation SDLC---串口打包方式为SDLC.Router link station role: SECONDARY (DTE)---目前端口作secondary,由"sdlc role"命令设置.sdlc vmac: 4000.5555.00-- ---由"sdlc vmac"设置的MAC地址.注重它的最后两位是留给PU地址的. 在本例中,端口MAC地址是4000.5555.00C1.sdlc addr C1 state is DISCONNECT ---该端口连接PU C1当前状态.有以下几种状态: DISCONNECT -与PU未连接,次站没有发TEST或XID帧请求建立连接.请检查下面连接的PU是否启动 SNA进程,若是用DCE线缆连接PU请检查线缆是否正确,若是MODEM连接到远端PU上,请 检查MODEM状态灯. DISCSENT-路由器发送断开请求(DISC)给次站,正在等待次站应答. SNRMSENT-路由器发送连接请求(SNRM)给次站,正在等待次站应答.这个状态出现在作主站的路由器 上.若是在作主站路由器上出现SNRMSENT状态,检查下端PU是否开机,路由器端口与PU上 SDLC口连接的MODEM是否已通(MODEM的DTR,CD,RXD,TXD灯应常亮).一句话,出现SNRMSENT 状态是路由器端口与它下端PU之间问题. CONNECT-PU连接正常.路由器和它连接的次站正常连接. THEMBUSY-PU发送RNR帧.次站告诉路由器暂时不能接收任何信息. USBUSY-路由器发送RNR帧.路由器告诉次站暂时不能接收任何信息.路由器已接收到次站对SNRM帧的 应答帧UA,试图建立SDLC或LLC2会话. BOTHBUSY-双方均发送RNR帧.告诉对方暂时不能接收任何信息. ERROR-违反SDLC协议.路由器正在等待次站应答. SNRMSEEN-路由器作次站,接收到SNRM帧. 当双方MAC地址都找到后,开始建立链路了.Router#show dlsw curcuitIndex local addr(lsap) remote addr(dsap) state1818740 1000.5ae3.430d(04) 4000.5555.00c1(04) CONNECTED用"show interface serial"查看PU状态应是"CONNECT". 我们也可以用"debug dlsw"获得更多的信息帮助解决网络中出现的问题.你可以记录下debug传输信息提供给你的代理.
问题:远端没有到达本端机器.远端peer的IP地址是172.18.16.156.
建议: 检查show dlsw peer输出,我们看到:Peers: state pkts-rx pkts-tx type drops ckts TCP uptime TCP 172.18.16.156 DISCONN 0 0 conf 0 0 0 -- 用debug dlsw peers命令决定问题: DLSw:action_a() attempting to connect peer 172.18.15.156(2065) DLSw:action_a(): Write pipe opened for peer172.18.15.156(2065) DLSw:peer 172.18.15.156(2065), old state DISCONN, new stateWAIT_RD DLSw:dlsw_tcpd_fini() for peer 172.18.15.156(2065) DLSw:tcp fini closing connection for peer 172.18.15.156(2065) DLSw:action_d(): for peer 172.18.15.156(2065) DLSw:peer 172.18.15.156(2065), old state WAIT_RD, new stateDISCONN DLSw:Not promiscuous - Rej conn from 172.18.15.166(2065) 诊断:试着打开peer172.18.15.156,但不成功.DLSw+接收到来自172.18.15.166的打开请求,但是DLSw+拒绝它,因为这个peer没有定义.由此我们可以判定定义peer地址不正确.该peer地址为172.18.15.166就连通了.
Peers: state pkts-rx pkts-tx type drops ckts TCP uptime TCP 172.18.16.166 CONNECT 2 2 conf 0 0 0 00:224:27 问题:SDLC设备不能连接到主机.Milan是连接SDLC设备的远端peer.
建议:
用show dlsw peer命令显示peer是up的.milan#sh dlsw peersPeers: state pkts-rx pkts-tx type drops ckts TCP uptime TCP 172.18.16.166 CONNECT 2 2 conf 0 0 0 00:224:27 Show dlsw circuits没有链路产生.milan#show dlsw circuitsmilan# Show interface 命令显示SDLC 地址状态是USBUSY,这表示我们已经成功的连接到下端路由器上.Router#show interface serial 3/7Serial1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation SDLC, loopback not set Router link station role: SECONDARY (DTE) Router link station metrics: group poll not enabled poll-wait 40000 seconds N1 (max frame size) 12016 bits modulo 8 sdlc vmac: 4000.5555.00-- sdlc addr C1 state is USBUSY cls_state is CLS_STN_CLOSED VS 0, VR 0, Remote VR 0, Current retransmit count 0 Hold queue: 0/200 IFRAMEs 0/0 TESTs 0/0 XIDs 0/0, DMs 0/1 FRMRs 20/20 RNRs 620/0 SNRMs 3/0 DISC/RDs 1/0 REJs 0/0 chain: C1/C1 sdlc addr C2 state is USBUSY cls_state is CLS_STN_CLOSED VS 0, VR 0, Remote VR 0, Current retransmit count 0 Hold queue: 0/200 IFRAMEs 0/0 TESTs 0/0 XIDs 0/0, DMs 0/0 FRMRs 0/0 RNRs 730/0 SNRMs 7/0 DISC/RDs 0/0 REJs 0/0 chain: C2/C2 Last input never, output never, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 19 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 6 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=down CTS=up 检查配置到达的目的MAC地址是4001.3745.1088.milan#write terminal ... ! interface Serial3/7 description sdlc config to MVS mtu 4400 no ip address encapsulation sdlc no keepalive clockrate 9600 sdlc role primary sdlc vmac 4000.1234.5600 sdlc N1 12016 sdlc address C1 sdlc xid C1 05DCCCC1 sdlc partner 4001.3745.1088 C1 sdlc address C2 sdlc xid C2 05DCCCC2 sdlc partner 4001.3745.1088 C2 sdlc dlsw C1 C2 ! ... 用show dlsw reachability mac-address命令发现MAC地址没找到:Router#show dlsw reachability mac-address 4001.3745.1088DLSw MAC address reachability cache listMac Addr status Loc. peer/port rif0000.810f.6500 SEARCHING LOCAL 在FEP连接的路由器一端,用show dlsw reachability mac-address命令发现MAC地址没找到:Router#show dlsw reachability mac-address 4001.3745.1088DLSw MAC address reachability cache listMac Addr status Loc. peer/port rif0000.810f.6500 SEARCHING REMOTE 显示show source-bridge,没有令牌环口走SRB: bolzano#showsource-bridge Global RSRB Parameters: TCP Queue Length maximum: 100 Ring Group 100: No TCP peername set, TCP transport disabled Maximum output TCP queue length, per peer: 100 Rings: 诊断:加上"source-bridge"命令,连接正常了.
确定stun peer连通rick#sh stun peerThis peer: 10.17.5.2 *Serial2 (group 1 [basic]) state rx_pkts tx_pkts dropsall TCP 10.17.5.2 open 5729 5718 0若状态不是open,应是TCP/IP连接问题,请参阅TCP/IP Troubleshooting. 用show interface确定路由器和主机之间serial isup,line protocol is up. 若是"down/down"请检查线缆,正确使用DTE和DCECable. 若serial一会儿up,一会儿down,不断反复.你的主机可能配置成半双工的而不是全双工的,使用MSD时路由器没有设成半双工的.
假如serail is up,但line protocol is down.最大可能是一端是NRZ编码,另一端是NRZI编码.用"nrzi-encoding"命令设置NRZI编码.设定编码方式与大机相同.
一旦line操作正常,最常出现的问题就是SDLC地址不对.SDLC地址要与主机PU地址一致.假如收到下面信息就表示SDLC地址与主机PU地址不匹配. Received data from wrong address! Expect for outputaddress C2/Got C4. Debug sdlc 当工作正常时,debug输出信息顺序: SDLC Primary : DISCONNECT-->SDLC PRI WAIT-->NET UP WAIT-->CONNECT SDLC Secondary : DISCONNECT-->NET UP WAIT-->SDLC SECWAIT-->CONNECT
CIPTroubleshooting
用"show interface channel 3/0"显示物理通道端口状态.若channel3/0 is up,line protocol is up.表示物理接口连接正常.否则请检查物理接口,线缆,bypass等是否连接正确.Router#sh int c3/0Channel3/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is cyBus Channel Interface MTU 4096 bytes, BW 36864 Kbit, DLY 270 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation CHANNEL, loopback not set PCA adapter card Data transfer rate 4.5 Mbytes, number of subchannels 1 Last input never, output never, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 1677 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 1595 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 5 interface resets, 0 restarts 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 用"show interface channel 3/2"显示逻辑通道口状态.Router#sh int ch3/2Channel3/2 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is cyBus Channel Interface MTU 4472 bytes, BW 98304 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation CHANNEL, loopback not set Virtual interface Last input 0:01:36, output 0:01:26, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 19090 packets input, 686391 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 20314 packets output, 754513 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets, 0 restarts 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 用"show ext ch 3/0 csna oper"显示CSNA通道连接设备状态."stat"替代"oper"获得CSNA通道连接设备的统计值.确认CSNA通道连接设备状态为"setupComplet".Router#sh ext c3/0 csna Path Dv maxpiu time-delay length-delayCSNA 0100 E1 20470 10 20470Router#sh ext c3/0 csna oper Path Dv Status SlowDown maxpiu time-delay length-delayCSNA 0100 E1 setupComplet off 20470 10 20470 用"show ext ch 3/2 conn llc"命令确定SAPs值和CIP上打开的连接.确认定义在XCA中的正确的SAP值在CIP internal Token Ring LAN adapter中已打开.SHANXI2#sh ext c3/2 conn llc LAN Token 0 Adapter 1 5808.0100.0000 No SAPs open on this interface Total : SAPs opened = 0 Connections active = 0 假如CSNA通道连接设备状态是"setupComplet",正确的SAP值(i.e.,SAP 08)打开在正确的CIP internalMAC adapter上,进入第七步.否则,问题可能是PATH/DEVICE或XCA Major Node.请检查通道地址定义是否正确.若PATH/DEVICE正确,再在主机上"v net,act,id="命令确认XCA Major Node激活.Router#sh ext c3/0 csna oper Path Dv Status SlowDown maxpiu time-delay length-delayCSNA 0100 E1 Close off 20470 10 20470 用"debug source-bridge"命令确定是否产生探测帧.假如确定以CIPinternal MAC地址为目的的探测帧被接收到, 请打开"debugchannel vlan".
用"show ext ch 3/2 lan"命令显示CIP internal MAC adapters.核实CIP internal MAC adapter被CIP microcode确认.router#debug channel vlanrouter#show ext ch 3/2 lanLan TokenRing 0 source-bridge 1000 1 100 Adapno Mac Address Name Vcnum 0 4000.1234.0001 544 0041 ACK ... ... ... ...... INU 假如CIP internal MAC adapters没有收到CIP的应答,(在"showext ch 3/2 lan"显示不是ACK而是CRE或PNDIND),表明CIPmicrocode没有承认CIP adapter配置命令.在这种情况下,RP不发送探测帧给CIP.
假如CIP internal MAC adapters已经接收到CIP的应答,用"showext ch 3/2 llc stat 4000.0008.0000",4000.0008.0000是CIP的internalMAC address,检查是否收到CIP MAC adapter的检测命令和应答.