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SQL中的DDL,DML,DCL语言

2019-11-03 08:35:00
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   感觉自己是比较笨的,学习过SQL语言,但是却分不太清楚DDL、DML、DCL语言,所以呢,今天就厚着脸皮问了老师,现在就自己目前的了解来总结一下。

1、DDL(DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE)数据描述语言

     DDL语句不会产生还原数据,所以删除的数据也是无法恢复的



CREATE - to create objects in the database
ALTER - alters the structure of the database
DROP - delete objects from the database
TRUNCATE - remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated for the records are removed
COMMENT - add comments to the data dictionary
GRANT - gives user's access PRivileges to database
REVOKE - withdraw access privileges given with the GRANT command

2、DML(DATA MANipULATION LANGUAGE)数据操纵鱼语言


SELECT - retrieve data from the a database
INSERT - insert data into a table
UPDATE - updates existing data within a table
DELETE - deletes all records from a table, the space for the records remain
CALL - call a PL/SQL or java subprogram
EXPLAIN PLAN - explain access path to data
LOCK TABLE - control concurrency

3、DCL(DATA CONTROL LANGUAGE)数据控制语言


COMMIT - save work done
SAVEPOINT - identify a point in a transaction to which you can later roll back
ROLLBACK - restore database to original since the last COMMIT
SET TRANSACTION - Change transaction options like what rollback segment to use
感觉是要好那么一点了,至少不那么糊涂了,毕竟自己也学了那么久,不能什么都不知道三,不能只晓得就一个create、update、drop,嘿嘿!!! 
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