Windows Server 2008 R2 下配置TLS1.2添加自签名证书的图文教程

前言

2017年1月1日起App Store上的所有App应用将强制开启ATS功能。

苹果的ATS(App Transport Security)对服务器硬性3点要求：

① ATS要求TLS1.2或者更高，TLS 是 SSL 新的别称。

② 通讯中的加密套件配置要求支持列出的正向保密。

③ 数字证书必须使用sha256或者更高级的签名哈希算法，并且保证密钥是2048位及以上的RSA密钥或者256位及以上的ECC密钥。

由于领导舍不得花钱，只能辛苦我们自己搞个不花钱的证书。在网上找了一大堆各种配置证书服务的文章，在ios端运行的时候总是直接报错，很是费解，后来注意到必须是TLS1.2或者更高的版本，而按照网上的配置弄好后都是ssl1.0，根本原因没有解决。所以必须先升级服务器ssl的版本，这个升级的文章很多，有用的不多。在这里整理下找到的资料，供大家参考。注意：证书服务可以不用安装，升级ssl后即可正常访问。

1.首先打开服务器组策略，命令行输入gpedit.msc，找到ssl配置设置，双击ssl密码套件顺序，选择已启用，并保存。准备工作完成！

2.在下面选择您需要的配置并复制，打开Powershell直接粘贴。最后会提示是否重启服务器，输入Y会直接重启，根据自己的情况而定吧，重启后生效哦~

2.1. configure your IIS server with Perfect Forward Secrecy and TLS 1.2:

# Copyright 2016, Alexander Hass# http://www.hass.de/content/setup-your-iis-ssl-perfect-forward-secrecy-and-tls-12## Version 1.7# - Windows Version compare failed. Get-CimInstance requires Windows 2012 or later.# Version 1.6# - OS version detection for cipher suites order.# Version 1.5# - Enabled ECDH and more secure hash functions and reorderd cipher list.# - Added Client setting for all ciphers.# Version 1.4# - RC4 has been disabled.# Version 1.3# - MD5 has been disabled.# Version 1.2# - Re-factored code style and output# Version 1.1# - SSLv3 has been disabled. (Poodle attack protection)Write-Host 'Configuring IIS with SSL/TLS Deployment Best Practices...'Write-Host '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------'# Disable Multi-Protocol Unified HelloNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/Multi-Protocol Unified Hello/Server' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/Multi-Protocol Unified Hello/Server' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/Multi-Protocol Unified Hello/Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/Multi-Protocol Unified Hello/Client' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/Multi-Protocol Unified Hello/Client' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/Multi-Protocol Unified Hello/Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullWrite-Host 'Multi-Protocol Unified Hello has been disabled.'# Disable PCT 1.0New-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/PCT 1.0/Server' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/PCT 1.0/Server' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/PCT 1.0/Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/PCT 1.0/Client' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/PCT 1.0/Client' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/PCT 1.0/Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullWrite-Host 'PCT 1.0 has been disabled.'# Disable SSL 2.0 (PCI Compliance)New-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 2.0/Server' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 2.0/Server' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 2.0/Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 2.0/Client' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 2.0/Client' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 2.0/Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullWrite-Host 'SSL 2.0 has been disabled.'# NOTE: If you disable SSL 3.0 the you may lock out some people still using# Windows XP with IE6/7. Without SSL 3.0 enabled, there is no protocol available# for these people to fall back. Safer shopping certifications may require that# you disable SSLv3.## Disable SSL 3.0 (PCI Compliance) and enable "Poodle" protectionNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 3.0/Server' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 3.0/Server' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 3.0/Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 3.0/Client' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 3.0/Client' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/SSL 3.0/Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullWrite-Host 'SSL 3.0 has been disabled.'# Add and Enable TLS 1.0 for client and server SCHANNEL communicationsNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.0/Server' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.0/Server' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.0/Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.0/Client' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.0/Client' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.0/Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullWrite-Host 'TLS 1.0 has been enabled.'# Add and Enable TLS 1.1 for client and server SCHANNEL communicationsNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.1/Server' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.1/Server' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.1/Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.1/Client' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.1/Client' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.1/Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullWrite-Host 'TLS 1.1 has been enabled.'# Add and Enable TLS 1.2 for client and server SCHANNEL communicationsNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.2/Server' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.2/Server' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.2/Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.2/Client' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.2/Client' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Protocols/TLS 1.2/Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-NullWrite-Host 'TLS 1.2 has been enabled.'# Re-create the ciphers key.New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Ciphers' -Force | Out-Null# Disable insecure/weak ciphers.$insecureCiphers = @( 'DES 56/56', 'NULL', 'RC2 128/128', 'RC2 40/128', 'RC2 56/128', 'RC4 40/128', 'RC4 56/128', 'RC4 64/128', 'RC4 128/128')Foreach ($insecureCipher in $insecureCiphers) { $key = (Get-Item HKLM:/).OpenSubKey('SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Ciphers', $true).CreateSubKey($insecureCipher) $key.SetValue('Enabled', 0, 'DWord') $key.close() Write-Host "Weak cipher $insecureCipher has been disabled."}# Enable new secure ciphers.# - RC4: It is recommended to disable RC4, but you may lock out WinXP/IE8 if you enforce this. This is a requirement for FIPS 140-2.# - 3DES: It is recommended to disable these in near future. This is the last cipher supported by Windows XP.# - Windows Vista and before 'Triple DES 168' was named 'Triple DES 168/168' per https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/245030$secureCiphers = @( 'AES 128/128', 'AES 256/256', 'Triple DES 168')Foreach ($secureCipher in $secureCiphers) { $key = (Get-Item HKLM:/).OpenSubKey('SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Ciphers', $true).CreateSubKey($secureCipher) New-ItemProperty -path "HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Ciphers/$secureCipher" -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null $key.close() Write-Host "Strong cipher $secureCipher has been enabled."}# Set hashes configuration.New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Hashes' -Force | Out-NullNew-Item 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Hashes/MD5' -Force | Out-NullNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Hashes/MD5' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null$secureHashes = @( 'SHA', 'SHA256', 'SHA384', 'SHA512')Foreach ($secureHash in $secureHashes) { $key = (Get-Item HKLM:/).OpenSubKey('SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Hashes', $true).CreateSubKey($secureHash) New-ItemProperty -path "HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/Hashes/$secureHash" -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null $key.close() Write-Host "Hash $secureHash has been enabled."}# Set KeyExchangeAlgorithms configuration.New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/KeyExchangeAlgorithms' -Force | Out-Null$secureKeyExchangeAlgorithms = @( 'Diffie-Hellman', 'ECDH', 'PKCS')Foreach ($secureKeyExchangeAlgorithm in $secureKeyExchangeAlgorithms) { $key = (Get-Item HKLM:/).OpenSubKey('SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/KeyExchangeAlgorithms', $true).CreateSubKey($secureKeyExchangeAlgorithm) New-ItemProperty -path "HKLM:/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/SecurityProviders/SCHANNEL/KeyExchangeAlgorithms/$secureKeyExchangeAlgorithm" -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null $key.close() Write-Host "KeyExchangeAlgorithm $secureKeyExchangeAlgorithm has been enabled."}# Set cipher suites order as secure as possible (Enables Perfect Forward Secrecy).$os = Get-WmiObject -class Win32_OperatingSystemif ([System.Version]$os.Version -lt [System.Version]'10.0') { Write-Host 'Use cipher suites order for Windows 2008R2/2012/2012R2.' $cipherSuitesOrder = @( 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P521', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P384', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P256', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P521', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P384', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P256', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P521', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P384', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P256', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P521', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P384', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P256', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384_P521', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384_P384', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256_P521', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256_P384', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256_P256', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P521', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P384', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P521', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P384', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P256', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P521', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P384', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P256', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P521', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P384', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P256', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA' )}else { Write-Host 'Use cipher suites order for Windows 10/2016 and later.' $cipherSuitesOrder = @( 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA', 'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA', 'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA', 'TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA' )}$cipherSuitesAsString = [string]::join(',', $cipherSuitesOrder)# One user reported this key does not exists on Windows 2012R2. Cannot repro myself on a brand new Windows 2012R2 core machine. Adding this just to be save.New-Item 'HKLM:/SOFTWARE/Policies/Microsoft/Cryptography/Configuration/SSL/00010002' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinueNew-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:/SOFTWARE/Policies/Microsoft/Cryptography/Configuration/SSL/00010002' -name 'Functions' -value $cipherSuitesAsString -PropertyType 'String' -Force | Out-NullWrite-Host '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------'Write-Host 'NOTE: After the system has been rebooted you can verify your server'Write-Host '  configuration at https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/'Write-Host "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------`n"Write-Host -ForegroundColor Red 'A computer restart is required to apply settings. Restart computer now?'Restart-Computer -Force -Confirm