python实现12306登录并保存cookie的方法示例

经过倒腾12306的登录,还是实现了,请求头很重要...各位感兴趣的可以继续写下去.....

import sysimport timeimport requestsfrom PIL import Imageimport jsonimport osimport Headersimport SessionUtilimport UrlUtils class Ticket(object):  def __init__(self):    self.answer = {      "1": "40,40",      "2": "110,40",      "3": "180,40",      "4": "260,40",      "5": "40,120",      "6": "110,120",      "7": "180,120",      "8": "260,120",    }    self.answer_code=''    self.tk = ''   def getDEVICEID(self):    r = requests.get(UrlUtils.DEVICE_url, headers=Headers.BaseHead).text    try:      dic = json.loads(r[18:-2].replace(" ", ""))    except Exception:      return ""    return dic   # 初始化 获取设备id 设置为cookie 必须  def initialize(self):    dic = self.getDEVICEID()    if dic == "":      print("网络获取指纹失败!使用默认id")      RAIL_EXPIRATION = "1576651914389"      RAIL_DEVICEID = "lBJStCNl0YGo_HVkGtwOo2LWziXcwzpIk5gc2vAILNYdRfaeZ04nJtZ1JZwgQIssMDksn10rAz6Hz-bekeufhAusaKJId8f2BCg05ocgrzc8-chv8h4IB-lQ9H04XjLXr2fbnHw-SLZga3PewEfgPz2s-mhp7NAz"    else:      print("网络获取指纹成功!")      RAIL_EXPIRATION = dic["exp"]      RAIL_DEVICEID = dic['dfp']    SessionUtil.setCookie("RAIL_EXPIRATION", RAIL_EXPIRATION)    SessionUtil.setCookie("RAIL_DEVICEID", RAIL_DEVICEID)   def conf(self):    res = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Conf_url, data=None, headers=Headers.ConFHeader)   def uamtkstatic(self):    data = {      'appid': 'otn'    }    SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.UamtkStatic_url, data=data, headers=Headers.UamtkStaticHead)   def get_img_code(self):    try:      img = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Down_mg_url, headers=Headers.BaseHead).content      with open('code.jpg', 'wb') as f:        f.write(img)    except Exception:      print("下载图片错误! 等待重试~~")      time.sleep(1)      self.get_img_code()   def check_img(self):    try:      Image.open('code.jpg').show()    except Exception:      time.sleep(2)      Image.open('code.jpg').show()    print("+---1-------+----------+----------+----------+")    print("|  1   |  2   |  3   |  4   |")    print("|----------|----------|----------|----------|")    print("|  5   |  6   |  7   |  8   |")    print("+----------+----------+----------+----------+")    input_code = input("请在1―8中选择输入验证图片编号，以半角','隔开。(例如：1,3,5):")    answer_code = ''    try:      for i in input_code.split(','):        answer_code += ',' + self.answer[i] if (i is not input_code[0]) else self.answer[i]    except Exception as e:      print('输入错误请重新输入!')      self.check_img()    data = {      'answer': answer_code,      'rand': 'sjrand',      'login_site': 'E',    }    response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Check_img_url, params=data, headers=Headers.BaseHead, )    check_result = json.loads(response.text)    print(check_result)    try:      if check_result['result_code'] == '4':        print('*' * 20 + '验证码正确' + '*' * 20)        self.answer_code=answer_code      else:        self.get_img_code()        self.check_img()    except Exception:      self.get_img_code()      self.check_img()   # 校验密码正确  def login(self, answer_code):    user = ''    password = ''    try:      with open("user.conf", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:        user = f.readline().strip().replace("[", '').replace("]", '').replace("name=", '')        password = f.readline().strip().replace("[", '').replace("]", '').replace("pwd=", '')        if user == "" or password == "":          raise Exception    except Exception:      user = input("账号____:")      password = input("密码____:")     formdata = {      'username': user,      'password': password,      'appid': 'otn',      'answer': answer_code    }    login_result = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Login_url, data=formdata, headers=Headers.BaseHead)    login_result.encoding = 'utf-8'    login_result = login_result.json()    print(login_result)    if login_result["result_code"] != 0: #{'result_message': '登录名不存在。', 'result_code': 1}      sys.exit(0)   # 二次校验  def userLogin(self):    # 获取一系列的cookie值才能真正的登录成功    response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.UserLogin_url, headers=Headers.UserLoginHead)    # 更新JSESSIONID route    response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Redirect_UserLogin_Url, headers=Headers.RedirectHead)   def uamtk(self):    # 获取 tk 下一个请求需要提交 tk 值    data = {'appid': 'otn'}    uamtk_page = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Uamtk_url, data=data, headers=Headers.UamtkHeader)    uamtk_page.encoding = 'utf-8'    try:      result = uamtk_page.json()      print(result)      if result['result_code'] != 0:        raise Exception(result['result_message'])      tk = result['newapptk']      self.tk = tk    except Exception:      print("获取tk失败!")      print("重试")      self.run()   def Uamauthclient(self):    data = {'tk': self.tk}    response = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Uamauthclient_url, data=data,                      headers=Headers.UamauthclientHeader)    res = response.text    try:      dic = json.loads(res)      print(dic)      print(dic["username"] + ",欢迎登录!")    except:      print("登录失败!")      self.run()    # '{"result_code":0,"result_message":"验证通过","username":"XXX","apptk":"36yslXHez3_68-LtHvhI61mZkranjdw6kT9j4UMwEqrw1w0"}'   def saveCookie(self):    SessionUtil.save_cookies("12306cookies.txt")   def getInfo(self):     try:      re = SessionUtil.session.post("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/modifyUser/initQueryUserInfoApi",                     headers=Headers.UserInfoHead)      print(re.text)    except:      print("获取失败")   def run(self):    self.initialize()    self.conf()    self.uamtkstatic()    self.get_img_code()    self.check_img()    self.login(self.answer_code)    self.userLogin()    self.uamtk()    self.Uamauthclient()    self.saveCookie()    self.conf()    self.getInfo()  if __name__ == '__main__':  t = Ticket()  result = "":  try:     with open("12306cookies.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") as fr:      result = fr.read()   except Exception:     pass  if result != "":    SessionUtil.load_cookies("12306cookies.txt")    t.initialize()    t.conf()    t.uamtkstatic()    t.userLogin()    t.uamtk()    t.Uamauthclient()    t.getInfo()  else:    t.run()