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JavaServlet的文件上传和下载实现方法

2024-09-05 00:23:34
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先分析一下上传文件的流程

1-先通过前段页面中的选择文件选择要上传的图片

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> <head>  <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">  <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">  <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">  <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">  <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">  <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <script type="text/javascript" src="js/common.js"></script>  <script type="text/javascript" src="js/ajaxfileupload.js"></script> </head> <body>  <input type="file" value="上传" name="inputImage" id="inputImage">  <input type="button" value="上传" id="upload">    <a id="downLoad">下载</a> </body></html>

2-点击提交按钮,通过ajax的文件上传访问服务器端

common.js  

var path = (function() { //获取当前网址 var curWwwPath = window.document.location.href; //获取主机地址之后的目录 var pathName = window.document.location.pathname; var pos = curWwwPath.indexOf(pathName); //获取主机地址 var localhostPath = curWwwPath.substring(0, pos); //获取带"/"的项目名 var projectName = pathName.substring(0, pathName.substr(1).indexOf('/') + 1); return {   curWwwPath: curWwwPath,   pathName: pathName,   localhostPath: localhostPath,   projectName: projectName,   //部署路径   deployPath: localhostPath + projectName  };})();
// 文件下载$("a[id=downLoad]").click(function(){ window.location.href=path.deployPath+"/fileDown";});// 文件上传$("input[id=upload]").click(function() { $.ajaxFileUpload( {  url : path.deployPath + "/fileUp", // 处理页面的绝对路径  fileElementId : "inputImage", //file空间的id属性  dataType : "json",  success : function(data) {   alert("上传成功");  } });});

3-服务器端响应保存或者下载

保存上传文件的FileUpload.java

import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.UUID;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import net.sf.json.JSONArray;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;import com.stu.util.HttpUtil;/** * 文件名称: com.stu.fileupload.FileUpload.java<br/> * 初始作者: Administrator<br/> * 创建日期: 2018-1-31<br/> * 功能说明: 文件上传 <br/> * =================================================<br/> * 修改记录:<br/> * 修改作者 日期 修改内容<br/> * ================================================<br/> * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 .All rights reserved.<br/> */public class FileUpload extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Override protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {  // 获取到当前服务器所在的路径  String serverPath = req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");  // 设置保存上传文件的路径  String saveDirPath = serverPath + "img";  File saveDirPathFileObj = new File(saveDirPath);  // 如果当用来存放文件的目录不存在时,要创建该目录  if (!saveDirPathFileObj.exists()) {   saveDirPathFileObj.mkdirs();  }  // 创建一个解析器工厂  DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();  // 设置工厂的缓存区大小  factory.setSizeThreshold(5 * 1024);  // 文件上传的解析器(文件上传对象)  ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);  // 设置上传文件的最大值  upload.setSizeMax(3 * 1024 * 1024);  // 设置编码格式  upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");  try {   // 上传以后的文件名   List<String> uploadFileNames = new ArrayList<String>();   List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);   System.out.println(fileItems);   for (FileItem file : fileItems) {    // 新的文件名    String saveFileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");    // 文件的后缀    String oldFileName = new String(file.getName().getBytes(),    "UTF-8");    System.out.println("oldFileName" + oldFileName);    String fileType = oldFileName.substring(oldFileName.lastIndexOf("."));    // 新的文件路径    String saveFilePath = saveDirPath + File.separator    + saveFileName + fileType;    uploadFileNames.add(saveFileName + fileType);    // 保存上传的文件    file.write(new File(saveFilePath));   }   System.out.println(uploadFileNames);   HttpUtil.setAttribute(req, "urls", uploadFileNames);   res.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");   PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter();   pw.print(JSONArray.fromObject(uploadFileNames));  } catch (FileUploadException e) {   e.printStackTrace();  } catch (Exception e) {   e.printStackTrace();  } }}

下载文件的FileDownload.java

import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.UUID;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import net.sf.json.JSONArray;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;import com.stu.util.HttpUtil;/** * 文件名称: com.stu.fileupload.FileUpload.java<br/> * 初始作者: Administrator<br/> * 创建日期: 2018-1-31<br/> * 功能说明: 文件上传 <br/> * =================================================<br/> * 修改记录:<br/> * 修改作者 日期 修改内容<br/> * ================================================<br/> * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 .All rights reserved.<br/> */public class FileUpload extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Override protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {  // 获取到当前服务器所在的路径  String serverPath = req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");  // 设置保存上传文件的路径  String saveDirPath = serverPath + "img";  File saveDirPathFileObj = new File(saveDirPath);  // 如果当用来存放文件的目录不存在时,要创建该目录  if (!saveDirPathFileObj.exists()) {   saveDirPathFileObj.mkdirs();  }  // 创建一个解析器工厂  DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();  // 设置工厂的缓存区大小  factory.setSizeThreshold(5 * 1024);  // 文件上传的解析器(文件上传对象)  ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);  // 设置上传文件的最大值  upload.setSizeMax(3 * 1024 * 1024);  // 设置编码格式  upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");  try {   // 上传以后的文件名   List<String> uploadFileNames = new ArrayList<String>();   List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);   System.out.println(fileItems);   for (FileItem file : fileItems) {    // 新的文件名    String saveFileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");    // 文件的后缀    String oldFileName = new String(file.getName().getBytes(),    "UTF-8");    System.out.println("oldFileName" + oldFileName);    String fileType = oldFileName.substring(oldFileName.lastIndexOf("."));    // 新的文件路径    String saveFilePath = saveDirPath + File.separator    + saveFileName + fileType;    uploadFileNames.add(saveFileName + fileType);    // 保存上传的文件    file.write(new File(saveFilePath));   }   System.out.println(uploadFileNames);   HttpUtil.setAttribute(req, "urls", uploadFileNames);   res.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");   PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter();   pw.print(JSONArray.fromObject(uploadFileNames));  } catch (FileUploadException e) {   e.printStackTrace();  } catch (Exception e) {   e.printStackTrace();  } }}

这里面用到了一个HttpUtil类,代码如下:

import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;import javax.servlet.ServletContext;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;/** * 文件名称_com.niit.model2.util.Httputil.java</br> * 初始作逯ܿAdministrator</br> * 创建日期_2018-1-23</br> * 功能说明_这里用一句话描述这个类的作用--此句话需删除 <br/> * =================================================<br/> * 修改记录_br/> * 修改作迠日期 修改内容<br/> * ================================================<br/> * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 .All rights reserved.<br/> */public class HttpUtil {  private HttpUtil() {  }  /**   * 方法描述: [用于向不同的作用域存放属性]</br>   * 初始作迺 Administrator<br/>   * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:24:45<br/>   * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0<br/>   * =================================================<br/>   * 修改记录_br/>   * 修改作迠日期 修改内容<br/>   * ================================================<br/>   * void   */  public static void setAttribute(Object scopeObj, String name, Object value) {    if (scopeObj instanceof HttpServletRequest) {      ((HttpServletRequest) scopeObj).setAttribute(name, value);    }    if (scopeObj instanceof HttpSession) {      ((HttpSession) scopeObj).setAttribute(name, value);    }    if (scopeObj instanceof ServletContext) {      ((ServletContext) scopeObj).setAttribute(name, value);    }  }  /**   * 方法描述: [获取作用域中指定名称的属性思</br>   * 初始作迺 Administrator<br/>   * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:29:17<br/>   * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0<br/>   * =================================================<br/>   * 修改记录_br/>   * 修改作迠日期 修改内容<br/>   * ================================================<br/>   *    * @param scopeObj   * @param name   * @return   *     Object   */  public static Object getAttribute(Object scopeObj, String name) {    if (scopeObj instanceof HttpServletRequest) {      return ((HttpServletRequest) scopeObj).getAttribute(name);    }    if (scopeObj instanceof HttpSession) {      return ((HttpSession) scopeObj).getAttribute(name);    }    if (scopeObj instanceof ServletContext) {      return ((ServletContext) scopeObj).getAttribute(name);    }    return null;  }  /**   * 方法描述: [获取上下文对象的方法]</br>   * 初始作迺 Administrator<br/>   * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:31:26<br/>   * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0<br/>   * =================================================<br/>   * 修改记录_br/>   * 修改作迠日期 修改内容<br/>   * ================================================<br/>   *    * @return   *     ServletContext   */  public static ServletContext getServletContext(Object sourceObj) {    if (sourceObj instanceof HttpServletRequest) {      return ((HttpServletRequest) sourceObj).getSession().getServletContext();    }    if (sourceObj instanceof ServletConfig) {      return ((ServletConfig) sourceObj).getServletContext();    }    if (sourceObj instanceof FilterConfig) {      return ((FilterConfig) sourceObj).getServletContext();    }    return null;  }  /**   * 方法描述: [获取项目的实际路径]</br>   * 初始作迺 Administrator<br/>   * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:45:47<br/>   * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0<br/>   * =================================================<br/>   * 修改记录_br/>   * 修改作迠日期 修改内容<br/>   * ================================================<br/>   *    * @param req   * @return   *     String   */  public static String getContextPath(HttpServletRequest req) {    return req.getContextPath();  }}

当然,代码编辑好了也不要忘了在 WebRoot/WEB-INF/web.xml 中添加新建的Servlet,就是刚刚的两个Java文件啦

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">  <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list>  <!-- 文件上传 -->  <servlet>    <servlet-name>fileUpload</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>com.stu.fileupload.FileUpload</servlet-class>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>fileUpload</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/fileUp</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <!-- 文件下载 -->  <servlet>    <servlet-name>fileDownload</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>com.stu.fileupload.FileDownload</servlet-class>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>fileDownload</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/fileDown</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping></web-app>

这样的话就可以运行啦。

TIP: 不要忘记相关的jar包和 js 包哦

在 WebRoot / WEB-INF / lib 下,有 commons-fileupload.jar 和 commons-io.jar ,另外 json-lib-x.x.x-jdkxx.jar 包是用来把上传的返回数据修改为JSON格式的

在 WebRoot / js 下,导入 jquery.js , common.js , ajaxfileupload.js

以上这篇JavaServlet的文件上传和下载实现方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持VeVb武林网。


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