思路:
图片验证码的实现主要的技术点是如何生成一个图片。生成图片可以使用java.awt包下的类来实现。我们先写一个简单的生成图片的程序HelloImage.java。以下是代码部分。
package com.vogoal.test;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
/**
* @author SinNeR@blueidea.com
* create a image
*/
public class HelloImage {
public static void main(String[] args){
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 25,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
g.setColor(new Color(255,255,255));
g.fillRect(0, 0, 80, 25);
g.setColor(new Color(0,0,0));
g.drawString("HelloImage",6,16);
g.dispose();
try{
ImageIO.write(image, "jpeg", new File("C://helloImage.jpeg"));
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
编译后,在DOS下调用这个程序,正常情况下,会在C盘根目录下生成一张名字helloImage.jpeg为的图片。图片上有文字HelloImage。
简单介绍下生成图片的流程:
知道了图片的生成方法,剩下的问题就是如何将随机数生成到页面上了。要显示图片,我们只要将生成的图片流返回给response对象,这样用户请求的时候就可以得到图片。而一个jsp页面的page参数的contentType属性可以指定返回的response对象的形式,我们平时的jsp页面中设定的contentType是text/html,所以会被以HTML文件的形式读取分析。如果设定为image/jpeg,就会被以图片的形式读取分析。确定了这点后就可以着手实现。
以下是生成验证码图片的类RandImgCreater。(操作系统的原因,没有写注释,避免乱码)
package com.vogoal.util.img;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* @author SinNeR
* http://bbs.blueidea.com
* image check creater
*/
public class RandImgCreater {
private static final String CODE_LIST = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890";
private HttpServletResponse response = null;
private static final int HEIGHT = 20;
private static final int FONT_NUM = 4;
private int width = 0;
private int iNum = 0;
private String codeList = "";
private boolean drawBgFlag = false;
private int rBg = 0;
private int gBg = 0;
private int bBg = 0;
public RandImgCreater(HttpServletResponse response) {
this.response = response;
this.width = 13 * FONT_NUM 12;
this.iNum = FONT_NUM;
this.codeList = CODE_LIST;
}
public RandImgCreater(HttpServletResponse response,int iNum,String codeList) {
this.response = response;
this.width = 13 * iNum 12;
this.iNum = iNum;
this.codeList = codeList;
}
public String createRandImage(){
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, HEIGHT,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
Random random = new Random();
if ( drawBgFlag ){
g.setColor(new Color(rBg,gBg,bBg));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, HEIGHT);
}else{
g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, HEIGHT);
for (int i = 0; i < 155; i ) {
g.setColor(getRandColor(140, 200));
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(HEIGHT);
int xl = random.nextInt(12);
int yl = random.nextInt(12);
g.drawLine(x, y, x xl, y yl);
}
}
g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18));
String sRand="";
for (int i=0;i
String strRand=codeList.substring(rand,rand 1);
sRand =strRand;
g.setColor(new Color(20 random.nextInt(110),20 random.nextInt(110),20 random.nextInt(110)));
g.drawString(strRand,13*i 6,16);
}
g.dispose();
try{
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
}catch(IOException e){
}
return sRand;
}
public void setBgColor(int r,int g,int b){
drawBgFlag = true;
this.rBg = r;
this.gBg = g;
this.bBg = b;
}
private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
Random random = new Random();
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
}
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