Doctrine是基于数据库抽像层上的ORM,它可以通过PHP对象轻松访问所有的数据库,例如MYSQL,它支持的PHP最低版本为5.2.3,下面我们一起来看看Doctrine文件上传处理例子,希望文章对各位有帮助.
基本设置,创建一个简单的Doctrine实体类:
- // src/Acme/DemoBundle/Entity/Document.php
- namespace Acme/DemoBundle/Entity;
- use Doctrine/ORM/Mapping as ORM;
- use Symfony/Component/Validator/Constraints as Assert;
- /**
- * @ORM/Entity
- */
- class Document
- {
- /**
- * @ORM/Id
- * @ORM/Column(type="integer")
- * @ORM/GeneratedValue(strategy="AUTO")
- */
- public $id;
- /**
- * @ORM/Column(type="string", length=255)
- * @Assert/NotBlank
- */
- public $name;
- /**
- * @ORM/Column(type="string", length=255, nullable=true)
- */
- public $path;
- public function getAbsolutePath()
- {
- return null === $this->path
- ? null
- : $this->getUploadRootDir().'/'.$this->path;
- }
- public function getWebPath()
- {
- return null === $this->path
- ? null
- : $this->getUploadDir().'/'.$this->path;
- }
- protected function getUploadRootDir()
- {
- // the absolute directory path where uploaded
- // documents should be saved
- return __DIR__.'/../../../../web/'.$this->getUploadDir();
- }
- protected function getUploadDir()
- {
- // get rid of the __DIR__ so it doesn't screw up
- // when displaying uploaded doc/image in the view.
- return 'uploads/documents';
- }
- }
该document实体有一个名称与文件相关联,这个path属性存储一个文件的相对路径并且在数据库中存储,这个getAbsolutePath()会返回一个绝对路径,getWebPath()会返回一个web路径,用于模板加入上传文件链接.
如果你还没有这样做的话,你应该阅读http://symfony.com/doc/current/reference/forms/types/file.html首先了解基本的上传过程.
如果您使用注释来验证规则(如本例所示),请确保你启用了注释验证(见http://symfony.com/doc/current/book/validation.html#book-validation-configuration).
在处理一个实际的文件上传时,使用一个“虚拟”的file字段,例如,如果你在controller中直接构建一个form,他可能是这样的.
- public function uploadAction()
- {
- // ...
- $form = $this->createFormBuilder($document)
- ->add('name')
- ->add('file')
- ->getForm();
- // ...
- }
下一步,创建file这个属性到你的Document类中并且添加一些验证规则:
- use Symfony/Component/HttpFoundation/File/UploadedFile;
- // ...
- class Document
- {
- /**
- * @Assert/File(maxSize="6000000")
- */
- private $file;
- /**
- * Sets file.
- *
- * @param UploadedFile $file
- */
- public function setFile(UploadedFile $file = null)
- {
- $this->file = $file;
- }
- /**
- * Get file.
- *
- * @return UploadedFile
- */
- public function getFile()
- {
- return $this->file;
- }
- }
- annotations
- Annotations
- // src/Acme/DemoBundle/Entity/Document.php
- namespace Acme/DemoBundle/Entity;
- // ...
- use Symfony/Component/Validator/Constraints as Assert;
- class Document
- {
- /**
- * @Assert/File(maxSize="6000000")
- */
- private $file;
- // ...
- }
当你使用File约束,symfony会自动猜测表单字段输入的是一个文件上传,这就是当你创建表单(->add(‘file’))时,为什么没有在表单明确设置为文件上传的原因.
下面的控制器,告诉您如何处理全部过程:
- // ...
- use Acme/DemoBundle/Entity/Document;
- use Sensio/Bundle/FrameworkExtraBundle/Configuration/Template;
- use Symfony/Component/HttpFoundation/Request;
- // ...
- /**
- * @Template()
- */
- public function uploadAction(Request $request)
- {
- $document = new Document();
- $form = $this->createFormBuilder($document)
- ->add('name')
- ->add('file')
- ->getForm();
- $form->handleRequest($request);
- if ($form->isValid()) {
- $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
- $em->persist($document);
- $em->flush();
- return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl(...));
- }
- return array('form' => $form->createView());
- }
以前的controller当提交name自动的存储Document实体,但是他不会做任何关于文件的事情并且path属性也将是空白.
处理文件上传一个简单的方法就是在entity持久化之前设置相应的path属性,在某一时刻处理文件上传时,要调用Document实体类一个upload()方法给path赋值.
- if ($form->isValid()) {
- $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
- $document->upload();
- $em->persist($document);
- $em->flush();
- return $this->redirect(...);
- }
这个upload()方法利用UploadedFile对象,是它提交后返回file字段:
- public function upload()
- {
- // the file property can be empty if the field is not required
- // 该file属性为空这个属性就不需要了
- if (null === $this->getFile()) {
- return;
- }
- // use the original file name here but you should
- // sanitize it at least to avoid any security issues
- // 这里你应该使用原文件名但是应该至少审核它避免一些安全问题
- // move takes the target directory and then the
- // target filename to move to
- // 将目标文件移动到目标目录
- $this->getFile()->move(
- $this->getUploadRootDir(),
- $this->getFile()->getClientOriginalName()
- );
- // set the path property to the filename where you've saved the file
- // 设置path属性为你保存文件的文件名
- $this->path = $this->getFile()->getClientOriginalName();
- // clean up the file property as you won't need it anymore
- // 清理你不需要的file属性
- $this->file = null;
- }
使用生命周期回调:
生命周期回调是一种有限的技术,他有一些缺点,如果你想移除Document::getUploadRootDir()方法里的写死的编码__DIR__,最好的方法是开始使用Doctrine listeners,在哪里你将能够注入内核参数,如kernel.root_dir来建立绝对路径.
这种原理工作,他有一个缺陷:也就是说当entity持久化时会有什么问题呢?答:该文件已经转移到了它的最终位置,实体类下的path属性不能够正确的实体化.
如果entity有持久化问题或者文件不能够移动,什么事情也没有发生,为了避免这些问题,你应该改变这种实现方式以便数据库操作和自动删除文件:
- /**
- * @ORM/Entity
- * @ORM/HasLifecycleCallbacks
- */
- class Document
- {
- }
接下来,利用这些回调函数重构Document类:
- use Symfony/Component/HttpFoundation/File/UploadedFile;
- /**
- * @ORM/Entity
- * @ORM/HasLifecycleCallbacks
- */
- class Document
- {
- private $temp;
- /**
- * Sets file.
- *
- * @param UploadedFile $file
- */
- public function setFile(UploadedFile $file = null)
- {
- $this->file = $file;
- // check if we have an old image path
- // 检查如果我们有一个旧的图片路径
- if (isset($this->path)) {
- // store the old name to delete after the update
- $this->temp = $this->path;
- $this->path = null;
- } else {
- $this->path = 'initial';
- }
- }
- /**
- * @ORM/PrePersist()
- * @ORM/PreUpdate()
- */
- public function preUpload()
- {
- if (null !== $this->getFile()) {
- // do whatever you want to generate a unique name
- // 去生成一个唯一的名称
- $filename = sha1(uniqid(mt_rand(), true));
- $this->path = $filename.'.'.$this->getFile()->guessExtension();
- }
- }
- /**
- * @ORM/PostPersist()
- * @ORM/PostUpdate()
- */
- public function upload()
- {
- if (null === $this->getFile()) {
- return;
- }
- // if there is an error when moving the file, an exception will
- // be automatically thrown by move(). This will properly prevent
- // the entity from being persisted to the database on error
- //当移动文件发生错误,一个异常move()会自动抛出异常。
- //这将阻止实体持久化数据库发生错误。
- $this->getFile()->move($this->getUploadRootDir(), $this->path);
- // check if we have an old image
- if (isset($this->temp)) {
- // delete the old image
- unlink($this->getUploadRootDir().'/'.$this->temp);
- // clear the temp image path
- $this->temp = null;
- }
- $this->file = null;
- }
- /**
- * @ORM/PostRemove()
- */
- public function removeUpload()
- {
- $file = $this->getAbsolutePath();
- if ($file) {
- unlink($file);
- }
- }
- }
如果更改你的entity是由Doctrine event listener 或event subscriber处理,这个 preUpdate()回调函数必须通知Doctrine关于正在做的改变,有关preUpdate事件限制的完整参考请查看 http://docs.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-orm/en/latest/reference/events.html#preupdate
现在这个类做了你需要的一切:他会在entity持久化之前生成一个唯一的文件名,持久化之后,移动文件,删除文件.
现在移动文件是entity自动完成,这个$document->upload()就应该从controller中移除了:
- if ($form->isValid()) {
- $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
- $em->persist($document);
- $em->flush();
- return $this->redirect(...);
- }
这个@ORM/PrePersist()和@ORM/PostPersist()事件回调:一个是在entity持久化到数据库之前触发,一个是在entity持久化到数据库之后触发。另一方面, @ORM/PreUpdate() 和 @ORM/PostUpdate()事件回调时当实体更新时触发。
当改变entity字段后进行持久化操作时,PreUpdate和PostUpdate回调才会被触发。这意味着,默认情况下,你只改变了$file属性,这些事件不会被触发,因为这个属性它自己不会持久化到Doctrine。有一个解决方法,就是创建一个updated字段把它持久化到Doctrine,并当文件改变时手动调整它。
使用ID作为文件名
如果要使用ID作为文件名,实现略有不同,您需要保存path属性为文件扩展名,而不是实际的文件名:
- use Symfony/Component/HttpFoundation/File/UploadedFile;
- /**
- * @ORM/Entity
- * @ORM/HasLifecycleCallbacks
- */
- class Document
- {
- private $temp;
- /**
- * Sets file.
- *
- * @param UploadedFile $file
- */
- public function setFile(UploadedFile $file = null)
- {
- $this->file = $file;
- // check if we have an old image path
- if (is_file($this->getAbsolutePath())) {
- // store the old name to delete after the update
- $this->temp = $this->getAbsolutePath();
- } else {
- $this->path = 'initial';
- }
- }
- /**
- * @ORM/PrePersist()
- * @ORM/PreUpdate()
- */
- public function preUpload()
- {
- if (null !== $this->getFile()) {
- $this->path = $this->getFile()->guessExtension();
- }
- }
- /**
- * @ORM/PostPersist()
- * @ORM/PostUpdate()
- */
- public function upload()
- {
- if (null === $this->getFile()) {
- return;
- }
- // check if we have an old image
- if (isset($this->temp)) {
- // delete the old image
- unlink($this->temp);
- // clear the temp image path
- $this->temp = null;
- }
- // you must throw an exception here if the file cannot be moved
- // so that the entity is not persisted to the database
- // which the UploadedFile move() method does
- $this->getFile()->move(
- $this->getUploadRootDir(),
- $this->id.'.'.$this->getFile()->guessExtension()
- );
- $this->setFile(null);
- }
- /**
- * @ORM/PreRemove()
- */
- public function storeFilenameForRemove()
- {
- $this->temp = $this->getAbsolutePath();
- }
- /**
- * @ORM/PostRemove()
- */
- public function removeUpload()
- { //Vevb.com
- if (isset($this->temp)) {
- unlink($this->temp);
- }
- }
- public function getAbsolutePath()
- {
- return null === $this->path
- ? null
- : $this->getUploadRootDir().'/'.$this->id.'.'.$this->path;
- }
- }
你会注意到,在这种情况下,你需要做一点工作,以删除该文件,在数据删除之前,你必须保存文件路径(因为它依赖于ID),然后,一旦对象已经完全从数据库中删除,你就可以安全的删除文件(在数据删除之后).
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