MQTT简介
MQTT(Message Queuing Telemetry Transport,消息队列遥测传输)是IBM开发的一个即时通讯协议,有可能成为物联网的重要组成部分。该协议支持所有平台,几乎可以把所有联网物品和外部连接起来,被用来当做传感器和制动器(比如通过Twitter让房屋联网)的通信协议。
Docker安装RabbitMQ配置MQTT
使用RabbitMQ作为MQTT服务端,Eclipse Paho作为客户端。宿主机系统为ubuntu16.04
Docker下载镜像
docker pull daocloud.io/library/rabbitmq:3.7.4
启动RabbitMQ
docker run -d --hostname my-rabbit --name some-rabbit -p 15672:15672 -p 5672:5672 -p 1883:1883 -p 15675:15675 daocloud.io/library/rabbitmq:3.7.4
注意映射容器端口
- 15672 是rabbitmq management管理界面默认访问端口
- 5672 是amqp默认端口
- 1883 是mqtt tcp协议默认端口
- 15675 是web_mqtt websocket协议默认端口
启用插件
默认安装后我们需要手动开启rabbitmq_management插件,rabbitmq_mqtt插件和rabbitmq_web_mqtt插件。
执行如下三条命令
docker exec <容器ID> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_managementdocker exec <容器ID> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_mqttdocker exec <容器ID> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt
当然你也可以写个脚本start.sh,复制到容器中
/usr/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management/usr/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_mqtt/usr/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt
进入容器执行这个脚本。
sh start.sh
开放宿主机端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=15672/tcp --permanentfirewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5672/tcp --permanentfirewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1883/tcp --permanentfirewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=15675/tcp --permanentfirewall-cmd --reload
Python MQTT客户端实现
安装python包
pip install paho-mqtt
发送数据demo(消费者)
# 使用前需要启动hbase和thrift服务器# 启动hbase在cd /usr/local/hbase下bin/start-hbase.sh 默认端口为 60000# 启动thrift服务器cd /usr/local/hbase/bin执行./hbase-daemon.sh start thrift 默认端口为9090import sysimport osdir_common = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] + '/../'sys.path.append(dir_common) # 将根目录添加到系统目录,才能正常引用common文件夹import argparse #import loggingimport time,datetimefrom common.py_log import init_logger,init_console_loggerfrom common.config import *from common.py_hbase import PyHbaseimport time,jsonfrom common.py_rabbit import Rabbit_Consumerimport paho.mqtt.client as mqttimport timeHOST = "192.168.2.46"PORT = 1883def client_loop(): client_id = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S',time.localtime(time.time())) client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复,所以使用当前时间 client.username_pw_set("guest", "guest") # 必须设置,否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」 client.on_connect = on_connect client.on_message = on_message client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60) client.loop_forever()def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc): print("Connected with result code "+str(rc)) client.subscribe("test")def on_message(client, userdata, msg): print(msg.topic+" "+msg.payload.decode("utf-8"))if __name__ == '__main__': client_loop()
接收数据demo(生产者)
import sysimport osdir_common = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] + '/../'sys.path.append(dir_common) # 将根目录添加到系统目录,才能正常引用common文件夹import paho.mqtt.client as mqttimport timeHOST = "192.168.2.46"PORT = 1883def client_loop(): client_id = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S',time.localtime(time.time())) client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复,所以使用当前时间 client.username_pw_set("guest", "guest") # 必须设置,否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」 client.on_connect = on_connect client.on_message = on_message client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60) client.loop_forever()def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc): print("Connected with result code "+str(rc)) client.subscribe("test")def on_message(client, userdata, msg): print(msg.topic+" "+msg.payload.decode("utf-8"))if __name__ == '__main__': client_loop()
生产者demo
# import paho.mqtt.client as mqttimport paho.mqtt.publish as publishimport timeHOST = "192.168.2.46"PORT = 1883def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc): print("Connected with result code "+str(rc)) client.subscribe("test")def on_message(client, userdata, msg): print(msg.topic+" "+msg.payload.decode("utf-8"))if __name__ == '__main__': client_id = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S',time.localtime(time.time())) # client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复,所以使用当前时间 # client.username_pw_set("guest", "guest") # 必须设置,否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」 # client.on_connect = on_connect # client.on_message = on_message # client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60) # client.publish("test", "你好 MQTT", qos=0, retain=False) # 发布消息 publish.single("test", "你好 MQTT", qos = 1,hostname=HOST,port=PORT, client_id=client
官方文档:
mqtt http://www.rabbitmq.com/mqtt.html
总结
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