安装完成后如何找回SQL Server实例安装时的序列号

2024-08-31 01:03:13

字体：大中小

来源：转载

供稿：网友

当我们需要再次安装sqlserver时，如何找回sqlserver实例安装时的序列号呢?下面，跟着武林网小编一起学习安装完成后如何找回SQL Server实例安装时的序列号，需要的朋友可以参考下

当需要再次安装SQL Server时，如果序列号找不到了，可以试着从已经安装的实例里找回序列号，因为安装完SQL Server后，序列号(Product Key)被保存在注册表里;

MSDN订阅下载的安装包是内置序列号的，则没有这个困扰。

一. 序列号保存在哪

通过无文档记载的扩展存储过程xp_regread读取注册表：

--For SQL Server 2008, 2008 R2

use master

GO

exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/100/Tools/Setup','ProductCode'

exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/100/Tools/Setup','DigitalProductID'

GO

--For SQL Server 2012

use master

GO

exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/110/Tools/Setup','ProductCode'

exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/110/Tools/Setup','DigitalProductId'

GO

不要被ProductCode迷惑，就算只安装了SQL Server客户端，注册表里也会有这个键值，并不是序列号，DigitalProductID才是，但经过了Base24编码，需要解码才行。

可以看到，对于不同版本，注册表的路径不一样，但是键是一致的。

Express版是免费的，没有序列号，从而注册表也没DigitalProductID这个键。

二. 如何解码序列号

1. Base24, Base64 编码简介

可能很多人听说过Base64编码，它用于对比较长的字符串进行编码，以方便传输;

Base24编码主要应用在序列号生成上，两者的实现思路是类似的，只是编码的模式有点变化。

Base64所对应的编码表是：

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=

共计64个字符。

Base24所对应的编码表是：

BCDFGHJKMPQRTVWXY2346789

共计24个字符，这里主要去掉了一些对于序列号来说不容易识别和容易混淆的字符。

SQL Server的序列号采用的是Base24编码，对编码后的字符进行解码，即可以得到原文。

编码/解码并不是加密/解密，没有秘钥的说法，只有字符转换的规则，Base24, Base64详细的算法可以在网上找到。

2. 利用Powershell 解码

以下powershell函数用于解码/找回SQL Server序列号，在SQL Server 2008, 2008 R2实例上测试通过：

function Get-SQLServerKey {

## function to retrieve the license key of a SQL 2008 Server.

param ($targets = ".")

$hklm = 2147483650

$regPath = "SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/100/Tools/Setup"

$regValue1 = "DigitalProductId"

$regValue2 = "PatchLevel"

$regValue3 = "Edition"

Foreach ($target in $targets) {

$productKey = $null

$win32os = $null

$wmi = [WMIClass]"//$target/root/default:stdRegProv"

$data = $wmi.GetBinaryValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue1)

[string]$SQLver = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue2).svalue

[string]$SQLedition = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue3).svalue

$binArray = ($data.uValue)[52..66]

$charsArray = "B","C","D","F","G","H","J","K","M","P","Q","R","T","V","W","X","Y","2","3","4","6","7","8","9"

## decrypt base24 encoded binary data

For ($i = 24; $i -ge 0; $i--) {

$k = 0

For ($j = 14; $j -ge 0; $j--) {

$k = $k * 256 -bxor $binArray[$j]

$binArray[$j] = [math]::truncate($k / 24)

$k = $k % 24

}

$productKey = $charsArray[$k] + $productKey

If (($i % 5 -eq 0) -and ($i -ne 0)) {

$productKey = "-" + $productKey

}

}

$win32os = Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem -computer $target

$obj = New-Object Object

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty Computer -value $target

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSCaption -value $win32os.Caption

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSArch -value $win32os.OSArchitecture

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLver -value $SQLver

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLedition -value $SQLedition

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty ProductKey -value $productkey

$obj

}

}

SQL Server 2012序列号里字符的格式发生了变化，$binArray = ($data.uValue)[0..16] 不同于SQL Server 2008的$binArray = ($data.uValue)[52..66]，同时别忘了改下注册表路径$regPath = "SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/110/Tools/Setup"，修改后如下，在SQL Server 2012实例上测试通过：

function Get-SQLServerKey {

## function to retrieve the license key of a SQL 2012 Server.

## by Jakob Bindslet (jakob@bindslet.dk)

## 2012 Modification by Xian Wang (daanno2@gmail.com)

param ($targets = ".")

$hklm = 2147483650

$regPath = "SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/110/Tools/Setup"

$regValue1 = "DigitalProductId"

$regValue2 = "PatchLevel"

$regValue3 = "Edition"

Foreach ($target in $targets) {

$productKey = $null

$win32os = $null

$wmi = [WMIClass]"//$target/root/default:stdRegProv"

$data = $wmi.GetBinaryValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue1)

[string]$SQLver = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue2).svalue

[string]$SQLedition = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue3).svalue

$binArray = ($data.uValue)[0..16]

$charsArray = "B","C","D","F","G","H","J","K","M","P","Q","R","T","V","W","X","Y","2","3","4","6","7","8","9"

## decrypt base24 encoded binary data

For ($i = 24; $i -ge 0; $i--) {

$k = 0

For ($j = 14; $j -ge 0; $j--) {

$k = $k * 256 -bxor $binArray[$j]

$binArray[$j] = [math]::truncate($k / 24)

$k = $k % 24

}

$productKey = $charsArray[$k] + $productKey

If (($i % 5 -eq 0) -and ($i -ne 0)) {

$productKey = "-" + $productKey

}

}

$win32os = Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem -computer $target

$obj = New-Object Object

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty Computer -value $target

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSCaption -value $win32os.Caption

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSArch -value $win32os.OSArchitecture

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLver -value $SQLver

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLedition -value $SQLedition

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty ProductKey -value $productkey

$obj

}

}

3. 调用powershell函数并输出序列号

打开powershell，把上面的函数贴进去，回车，输入Get-SQLServerKey 并回车;

或者把上面的函数存为.ps1文件直接引用：

PS C:/Windows/system32> . C:/Users/username/Desktop/pk.ps1

PS C:/Windows/system32> Get-SQLserverKey

输出结果如下，首尾几个字符被人为改成星号，没有贴出来。

Computer : .

OSCaption : Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard

OSArch : 64-bit

SQLver : 11.2.5058.0

SQLedition : Developer Edition

ProductKey : *****-G8T4R-QW4XX-BVH62-*****