数据库ORA-01196故障-归档日志丢失恢复详解

2024-08-29 14:00:46

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问题：

由于机房停电，其中一DG备库无法open，启动时报错

启动数据库时报下面的错误

SQL> alter database open;alter database open*

第 1 行出现错误:

ORA-10458: standby database requiresrecovery
ORA-01196: 文件 1 由于介质恢复会话失败而不一致
ORA-01110: 数据文件 1:'+DATA/htdb7/datafile/system.313.884996245'

查看归档日志应用情况，发现一部分日志没应用

SQL> Select Name,Sequence#,applied,completion_time From v$archived_log Order By Sequence# Desc;Name,                                                               Sequence# applied completion_time+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328776.705.939567729   328776   YES  NO  2017/3/2515:02+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328775.713.939567727   328775   YES  NO  2017/3/2515:02+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328774.777.939567727   328774   YES  NO  2017/3/2515:02+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328773.771.939567725   328773   YES  NO  2017/3/2515:02+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328772.422.939567721   328772   YES  NO  2017/3/2515:02+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328771.482.939567721   328771   YES  NO  2017/3/2515:02+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328770.755.939567721   328770   YES  NO  2017/3/2515:02+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328757.1255.939481573  328757   YES  NO  2017/3/2415:06+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328756.795.939480431   328756   YES  YES  2017/3/2414:47+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328755.543.939479395   328755   YES  YES  2017/3/2414:29+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328754.390.939478683   328754   YES  YES  2017/3/2414:18+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328753.1845.939477943  328753   YES  YES  2017/3/2414:05 --再和其它备库或主库的归档日志做对比,很明显发现这个备库没有同步并应用主库的日志--此备库：[oracle@hotel07 ~]$ asmcmd -pASMCMD [+fra/htdb7/ARCHIVELOG] > cd 2017_03_24/ASMCMD [+fra/htdb7/ARCHIVELOG/2017_03_24]> ls......thread_1_seq_328754.390.939478683thread_1_seq_328755.543.939479395thread_1_seq_328756.795.939480431thread_1_seq_328757.1255.939481573 --其它正常的备库[oracle@hotel05 ~]$ asmcmd -pASMCMD [+fra/htdb5/ARCHIVELOG/2017_03_24]> lsthread_1_seq_328754.4124.939478683thread_1_seq_328755.349.939479395thread_1_seq_328756.852.939480431thread_1_seq_328757.1420.939481575thread_1_seq_328758.3356.939510647thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649thread_1_seq_328760.3205.939510647thread_1_seq_328761.5308.939510649thread_1_seq_328762.5227.939510653.....

解决办法：

需要从其它备库或主库上面把此备库缺失的归档日志手动传输过来，然后再进行open操作

步骤如下：

1. 在另一正常的备库用rman备份缺失的归档日志

[oracle@hotel05 ~]$ rman target /RMAN> copy archivelog'+fra/htdb5/ARCHIVELOG/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649' to'/home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649';

启动 backup 于 25-3月 -17

使用通道 ORA_DISK_1

通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在开始复制归档日志

输入归档日志线程=1 序列=328759 RECID=328754 STAMP=939510652

输出文件名=/home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649 RECID=328794STAMP=939571923

通道 ORA_DISK_1: 归档日志复制完成, 经过时间: 00:00:03

完成 backup 于 25-3月 -17
......

. 备份完成后，把归档传输到丢失归档的备库
[oracle@hotel05 arcbak]$ scp * hotel07:/home/oracle/arcbak/

3. 然后在此备库上进行恢复操作

-- 编制归档文件目录
[oracle@hotel07 ~]$ rman target /

恢复管理器: Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production on 星期六 3月 25 15:42:112017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.
已连接到目标数据库: HTDB4 (DBID=1083719948, 未打开)

RMAN> catalog start with '/home/oracle/arcbak';

搜索与样式 /home/oracle/arcbak 匹配的所有文件

数据库未知文件的列表=====================================文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328763.4773.939510653文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328767.2765.939511033文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328766.5854.939511023文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328758.3356.939510647文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328760.3205.939510647文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328762.5227.939510653文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328761.5308.939510649文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328757.1420.939481575文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328764.5801.939510653文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328765.3298.939510657

是否确实要将上述文件列入目录(输入 YES 或 NO)? y

正在编制文件目录...

目录编制完毕

已列入目录的文件的列表=======================文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328763.4773.939510653文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328767.2765.939511033文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328766.5854.939511023文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328758.3356.939510647文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328760.3205.939510647文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328762.5227.939510653文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328761.5308.939510649文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328757.1420.939481575文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328764.5801.939510653文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328765.3298.939510657

-- 恢复归档日志RMAN> copy archivelog '/home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328757.1420.939481575' to '+fra';

启动 backup 于 25-3月 -17

使用通道 ORA_DISK_1

通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在开始复制归档日志

输入归档日志线程=1 序列=328760 RECID=149368 STAMP=939573701
输出文件名=+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328760.474.939573739RECID=149375 STAMP=939573738

通道 ORA_DISK_1: 归档日志复制完成, 经过时间: 00:00:01

完成 backup 于 25-3月 -17
......

4. 最后就可以open数据库了

SQL> alter database open;SQL> select open_mode from v$database; OPEN_MODE--------------------READ ONLY WITH APPLY -- 查看日志 ，归档日志正常进行应用alter database openData Guard Broker initializing...Data Guard Broker initialization completeBeginning standby crash recovery.Serial Media Recovery startedManaged Standby Recovery starting Real TimeApplyMedia Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328757.499.939573737Media Recovery Log/home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328758.3356.939510647Sat Mar 25 16:43:57 2017Incomplete Recovery applied until change91347484119 time 03/24/2017 15:06:26Completed standby crash recovery.Sat Mar 25 16:43:58 2017SMON: enabling cache recoveryDictionary check beginningDictionary check completeDatabase Characterset is ZHS16GBKNo Resource Manager plan activereplication_dependency_tracking turned off(no async multimaster replication found)Physical standby database opened for readonly access.Completed: alter database openSat Mar 25 16:44:01 2017ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBYDATABASE THROUGH ALL SWITCHOVERDISCONNECT USING CURRENT LOGFILEAttempt to start background Managed StandbyRecovery process (htdb7)Sat Mar 25 16:44:01 2017MRP0 started with pid=47, OS id=9619MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recoveryprocess started (htdb7) started logmerger processSat Mar 25 16:44:06 2017Managed Standby Recovery starting Real TimeApplyParallel Media Recovery started with 16slavesWaiting for all non-current ORLs to bearchived...All non-current ORLs have been archived.Media Recovery Log /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328758.3356.939510647Media Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328759.1574.939573739Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGEDSTANDBY DATABASE THROUGH ALL SWITCHOVERDISCONNECT USING CURRENT LOGFILEMedia Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328760.922.939573741Media Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328761.695.939573743Media Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328762.1769.939573745Media Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328763.1422.939573745

总结：

在由于停电和网络原因，造成主备数据不同步，日志丢失的情况，主要学会使用rman工具把归档文件在fs和asm之间传输。在数据库恢复时会经常用到。

另外，如果数据库开启了闪回功能，也可以使用闪回数据库的某个时点进行恢复。

希望对大家有所帮助，感谢阅读。

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