Ubuntu Server 11.10安装配置lamp(Apache+MySQL+PHP)

准备篇：

1、配置防火墙，开启80端口、3306端口

说明：Ubuntu默认安装是没有开启任何防火墙的，为了服务器的安全，建议大家安装启用防火墙设置，这里推荐使用iptables防火墙。
whereis iptables #查看系统是否安装防火墙
iptables: /sbin/iptables /usr/share/iptables /usr/share/man/man8/iptables.8.gz #表示已经安装iptables
apt-get install iptables #如果默认没有安装，请运行此命令安装防火墙
iptables -L #查看防火墙配置信息，显示如下：

#####################################################
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
#####################################################
nano /etc/iptables.default.rules #添加以下内容
##################################################################################################
*filter
# Allows all loopback (lo0) traffic and drop all traffic to 127/8 that doesn't use lo0
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
# Accepts all established inbound connections
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
# Allows all outbound traffic
# You could modify this to only allow certain traffic
-A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT
# Allows HTTP and MySQLconnections from anywhere (the normal ports for websites)
-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
# Allows SSH connections for script kiddies
# THE -dport NUMBER IS THE SAME ONE YOU SET UP IN THE SSHD_CONFIG FILE
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
# Now you should read up on iptables rules and consider whether ssh access
# for everyone is really desired. Most likely you will only allow access from certain IPs.
# Allow ping
-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT
# log iptables denied calls (access via 'dmesg' command)
-A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7
# Reject all other inbound - default deny unless explicitly allowed policy:
-A INPUT -j REJECT
-A FORWARD -j REJECT
COMMIT
##################################################################################################
ctrl+o #保存
ctrl+x #退出

备注：80是指web服务器端口、3306是指MySQL数据库链接端口、22是指SSH远程管理端口
iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.default.rules #使防火墙规则生效
nano /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables #创建文件，添加以下内容，使防火墙开机启动
##########################################################
#!/bin/bash
/sbin/iptables-restore </etc/iptables.default.rules
##########################################################
chmod +x /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables #添加执行权限