Solaris系统管理培训（第四章：软件包管理）
2024-07-26 00:29:50
供稿：网友
所有Solaris系统的软件都以包的形式出现。
软件包包含：
软件包的描述文件
系统需求的描述文件
需要安装的文件
安装前以及安装后需要运行的脚本
The pkgadd command
用于安装软件包
pkgadd [ -d [device | pathname ]] pkg_name
# pkgadd -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_2.7/PRoduct SUNWaudio
Processing package instance from
Audio applications
(sparc) 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13
Copyright 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Using as the package base directory.
## Processing package information.
## Processing system information.
2 package pathnames are already properly installed.
## Verifying package dependencies.
## Verifying disk space requirements.
## Checking for conflicts with packages already installed.
## Checking for setuid/setgid programs.
This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-user
permission during the process of installing this package.
Do you want to continue with the installation of [y,n,?] y
Installing Audio applications as
## Installing part 1 of 1.
Installation of was successful.
The pkginfo command
不加任何参数用于查看系统已经安装的软件包
# pkginfo | more
application SUNWAxg Solaris XGL 3.3 AnswerBook
application SUNWaadm Solaris 7 System Administrator Collection
system SUNWab2m Solaris Documentation Server Lookup
system SUNWab2r Solaris Documentation Server
system SUNWab2s Solaris Documentation Server
system SUNWab2u Solaris Documentation Server
application SUNWabda Sun Ultra 5/10 Hardware AnswerBook
application SUNWabe Solaris 7 User Collection
application SUNWabsdk Solaris 7 Software Developer Collection
The pkginfo Command
后面可跟一些参数，显示特定某个软件包的信息
Command Format
pkginfo [ -d [ device | pathname ] ] [ -l ] pkg_name
参数
-d device 指定软件所在的位置，可以是目录、磁带机、软盘等等
-l 显示详细信息
pkg_name 软件包名
输出列
CATEGORY 软件包的类型，是“应用软件”和是“系统软件”
PKGINST 软件包名，如果是SUNW打头，则是SUN的产品
NAME 软件的简要描述
# pkginfo -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_2.7/Product -l SUNWaudio
PKGINST: SUNWaudio
NAME: Audio applications
CATEGORY: system
ARCH: sparc
VERSION: 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13
BASEDIR: /
VENDOR: Sun Microsystems, Inc.
DESC: Audio binaries
PSTAMP: dtbuild37s19980813171753
HOTLINE: Please contact your local service provider
STATUS: spooled
FILES: 9 spooled pathnames
2 directories
3 executables
4 package information files
700 blocks used (approx)
The pkgrm Command
Command Format
pkgrm package_name
用于删除软件包
# pkgrm SUNWaudio
The following package is currently installed:
SUNWaudio Audio applications
(sparc) 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13
Do you want to remove this package? y
## Removing installed package instance
## Verifying package dependencies.
WARNING:
The package depends on the package
currently being removed.
WARNING:
The package depends on the package
currently being removed.
WARNING:
The package depends on the package
currently being removed.
WARNING:
The package depends on the package
currently being removed.
Dependency checking failed.
Do you want to continue with the removal of this package [y,n,?,q]
如果某个文件被多个包共享，则当最后一个包被删除时才被删除。
The pkgchk Command
用于检查已安装的软件包
Command Format
pkgchk [ -p path1 [ path2...] ]
# pkgchk SUNWaudio
#
# pkgchk -p /etc/group
ERROR: /etc/group
file size <278> expected <282> actual
file cksum <23586> expected <24038> actual
pkgchk命令校验包的属性和内容是否与系统记录的一致。
这个命令能检测整个包或是某个文件。没有输出表示包已经安装，但未发现不一致。
admintool图形管理工具
admintool是solaris图形管理工具，包括管理软件包、主机名、主机地址、打印机、串口、用户、用户组等。
