我们已经看到使用WHERE子句的SQL SELECT命令来从MySQL表获取数据。但是,当我们试图给的条件比较字段或列的值为NULL,它不能正常工作。
为了处理这种情况,MySQL提供了三大运算符
涉及NULL条件是特殊的。不能使用 =NULL 或 !=NULL 寻找NULL值的列。这种比较总是告诉他们是否是真正的失败,因为这是不可能的。即使是NULL=NULL失败。
如果要查找是或不是NULL的列,请使用IS NULL或IS NOT NULL。
在命令提示符下使用NULL值:
假设一个表tcount_tbl,它包含了两个的列stutorial_author和tutorial_count,其中一个tutorial_count为NULL 表示的值是未知的
例子:
试试下面的例子:
root@host# mysql -u root -p password;Enter password:*******mysql> use TUTORIALS;Database changedmysql> create table tcount_tbl -> ( -> tutorial_author varchar(40) NOT NULL, -> tutorial_count INT -> );Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('mahran', 20);mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('mahnaz', NULL);mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('Jen', NULL);mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('Gill', 20);mysql> SELECT * from tcount_tbl;+-----------------+----------------+| tutorial_author | tutorial_count |+-----------------+----------------+| mahran | 20 || mahnaz | NULL || Jen | NULL || Gill | 20 |+-----------------+----------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> |
可以看到=和!=不使用NULL值,如下所示:
mysql> SELECT * FROM tcount_tbl WHERE tutorial_count = NULL;Empty set (0.00 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM tcount_tbl WHERE tutorial_count != NULL;Empty set (0.01 sec) |
要找到,其中tutorial_count列是或不是NULL的记录,查询应该这样写:
mysql> SELECT * FROM tcount_tbl -> WHERE tutorial_count IS NULL;+-----------------+----------------+| tutorial_author | tutorial_count |+-----------------+----------------+| mahnaz | NULL || Jen | NULL |+-----------------+----------------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> SELECT * from tcount_tbl -> WHERE tutorial_count IS NOT NULL;+-----------------+----------------+| tutorial_author | tutorial_count |+-----------------+----------------+| mahran | 20 || Gill | 20 |+-----------------+----------------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec) |