CentOS7.8怎么安装mysql 8.0.20

2024-07-24 12:36:16

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　　这篇文章主要为大家展示了CentOS7.8怎么安装mysql 8.0.20，内容简而易懂，希望大家可以学习一下，学习完之后肯定会有收获的，下面让小编带大家一起来看看吧。

　　一、安装mysql软件

　　下载并安装MySQL官方的 Yum Repository,Mysql版本8.0.20

　　wget -i -c
　　http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
　　下载后直接yum安装

　　yum -y install mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
　　安装MySQL服务器

　　yum -y install mysql-community-server
　　[root@CentOS Linux]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
　　Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
　　Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
　　 * base: mirror.lzu.edu.cn
　　 * extras: mirror.lzu.edu.cn
　　 * updates: mirror.lzu.edu.cn
　　mysql-connectors-community            | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
　　mysql-tools-community             | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
　　mysql80-community              | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
　　(1/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db      | 57 kB 00:00:00
　　mysql-tools-community/x86_64/p FAILED           B 00:51:07 ETA
　　http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/12bd1e8730cd532791529877bf5e7babbbb02879-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/12bd1e8730cd532791529877bf5e7babbbb02879-primary.sqlite.bz2: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
　　Trying other mirror.
　　(2/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db       | 72 kB 00:00:00
　　mysql80-community/x86_64/prima FAILED           B 00:00:15 ETA
　　http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/833c637b3989c2dd5a079a045177d2f1c96e9c1e-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/833c637b3989c2dd5a079a045177d2f1c96e9c1e-primary.sqlite.bz2: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
　　Trying other mirror.
　　(3/3): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db        | 107 kB 00:00:00
　　Resolving Dependencies
　　--> Running transaction check
　　---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed
　　--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.20-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
　　--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
　　--> Running transaction check
　　---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed
　　--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
　　---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed
　　--> Running transaction check
　　---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 will be obsoleted
　　--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
　　--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
　　---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be obsoleting
　　--> Running transaction check
　　---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be obsoleting
　　--> Finished Dependency Resolution
　　
　　Dependencies Resolved
　　
　　===============================================================================================
　　 Package       Arch Version    Repository    Size
　　===============================================================================================
　　Installing:
　　 mysql-community-libs    x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 4.5 M
　　 replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7
　　 mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 1.2 M
　　 replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7
　　 mysql-community-server   x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 488 M
　　Installing for dependencies:
　　 mysql-community-client   x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 47 M
　　 mysql-community-common   x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 609 k
　　
　　Transaction Summary
　　===============================================================================================
　　Install 3 Packages (+2 Dependent packages)
　　
　　Total download size: 541 M
　　Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
　　Downloading packages:
　　warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql80-community/packages/mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
　　Public key for mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
　　(1/5): mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm     | 609 kB 00:00:00
　　(2/5): mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm      | 4.5 MB 00:00:13
　　(3/5): mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm    | 1.2 MB 00:00:04
　　mysql-community-client-8.0.20- FAILED           B 00:22:23 ETA
　　http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
　　Trying other mirror.
　　(4/5): mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm     | 488 MB 00:22:18
　　(5/5): mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm     | 47 MB 00:01:57
　　-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
　　Total               376 kB/s | 541 MB 00:24:34
　　Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
　　Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
　　 Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
　　 Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
　　 Package : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch (installed)
　　 From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
　　Is this ok [y/N]: y
　　Running transaction check
　　Running transaction test
　　Transaction test succeeded
　　Running transaction
　　Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
　　 Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         1/6
　　 Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         2/6
　　 Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         3/6
　　 Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         4/6
　　 Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64        5/6
　　 Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64           6/6
　　 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64        1/6
　　 Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         2/6
　　 Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         3/6
　　 Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         4/6
　　 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         5/6
　　 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64           6/6
　　
　　Installed:
　　 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7
　　 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7
　　 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7
　　
　　Dependency Installed:
　　 mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7
　　
　　Replaced:
　　 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7
　　
　　Complete!
　　安装完成后就会覆盖掉之前的mariadb

　　二、配置Mysql数据库

　　启动MySQL

　　systemctl start mysqld.service
　　查看MySQL运行状态

　　systemctl status mysqld.service
　　● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
　　 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
　　 Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-05-13 23:57:41 HKT; 18s ago
　　 Docs: man:mysqld(8)
　　   http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
　　 Process: 9563 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
　　 Main PID: 9649 (mysqld)
　　 Status: "Server is operational"
　　 Tasks: 39
　　 CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
　　   └─9649 /usr/sbin/mysqld
　　
　　May 13 23:57:34 CentOS.highning.com systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
　　May 13 23:57:41 CentOS.highning.com systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
　　找出root初始密码

　　grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
　　2020-05-13T15:57:37.815353Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9*CxxNRWHqmL

　　进入数据库：

　　mysql -uroot -p
　　输入密码（密码是上面查询到的 ,/wsw6gif;eH ），此时不能操作数据库，必须修改密码之后才能操作数据库

　　ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';
　　其中‘new password'替换成你要设置的密码，注意:密码设置必须要大小写字母数字和特殊符号（,/';:等）,不然不能配置成功

　　三、开启mysql的远程访问

　　执行以下命令开启远程访问限制（注意：下面命令开启的IP是 192.168.0.1，如要开启所有的，用%代替IP）,mysql8.0和以前的版本不一样，不能用原来的命令同时授权和创建用户：

　　create user 'root'@'192.168.0.1' identified by 'password';
　　grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.1' with grant option;
　　再输入以下两行命令

　　flush privileges;
　　exit
　　四、为firewalld添加开放端口

　　添加mysql端口3306和Tomcat端口8080

　　firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
　　
　　firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
　　重新载入

　　firewall-cmd --reload
　　最后在windows下用mysql命令登录

　　Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.18363.778]
　　(c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。
　　
　　C:/Users/highning>mysql -h 192.168.88.88 -P 3306 -u root -p
　　Enter password: ********
　　Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g.
　　Your MySQL connection id is 10
　　Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPL
　　
　　Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
　　
　　Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
　　affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
　　owners.
　　
　　Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement.
　　
　　mysql> show databases;
　　+--------------------+
　　| Database   |
　　+--------------------+
　　| information_schema |
　　| mysql    |
　　| performance_schema |
　　| sys    |
　　+--------------------+
　　4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
　　
　　mysql>
　　修改密码安全策略，改为LOW，密码长度最小6位

　　mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
　　+--------------------------------------+--------+
　　| Variable_name      | Value |
　　+--------------------------------------+--------+
　　| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |
　　| validate_password.dictionary_file | |
　　| validate_password.length    | 8 |
　　| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |
　　| validate_password.number_count | 1 |
　　| validate_password.policy    | MEDIUM |
　　| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |
　　+--------------------------------------+--------+
　　7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
　　
　　mysql> set global validate_password.policy=LOW;
　　Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
　　
　　mysql> set global validate_password.length=6;
　　Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
　　
　　mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
　　+--------------------------------------+-------+
　　| Variable_name      | Value |
　　+--------------------------------------+-------+
　　| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |
　　| validate_password.dictionary_file | |
　　| validate_password.length    | 6 |
　　| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |
　　| validate_password.number_count | 1 |
　　| validate_password.policy    | LOW |
　　| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |
　　+--------------------------------------+-------+
　　7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
　　关于 mysql 密码策略相关参数；

　　1）、validate_password.length 固定密码的总长度；

　　2）、validate_password_dictionary_file 指定密码验证的文件路径；

　　3）、validate_password_mixed_case_count 整个密码中至少要包含大/小写字母的总个数；

　　4）、validate_password_number_count 整个密码中至少要包含阿拉伯数字的个数；

　　5）、validate_password.policy 指定密码的强度验证等级，默认为 MEDIUM；

　　6）、validate_password_special_char_count 整个密码中至少要包含特殊字符的个数；

　　关于 validate_password.policy 的取值：

　　LOW：只验证长度；

　　MEDIUM：验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符；

　　STRONG：验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符、字典文件；
　　以上就是关于CentOS7.8怎么安装mysql 8.0.20的内容，如果你们有学习到知识或者技能，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。

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