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mysql数据库基础命令 多条数据的同时操作

2024-07-24 12:35:58
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  添加主键
  mysql> alter table info add primary key(id);
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
  Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
  mysql> desc info;  #查看主键
  +--------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  | Field  | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
  +--------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  | id     | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |    #显示出主键
  | name   | char(6)      | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | score  | decimal(5,2) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | age    | int(4)       | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | hobbly | int(4)       | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  +--------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
  添加外键
  alter table info add constraint FK_ID foreign key(hobbly) REFERENCES hy(id);
 
  mysql> show index from info/G;    #查看外键
  * 2. row *
          Table: info
     Non_unique: 1
       Key_name: FK_ID     #外键添加成功
   Seq_in_index: 1
    Column_name: hobbly
      Collation: A
    Cardinality: 3
       Sub_part: NULL
         Packed: NULL
           Null: YES
     Index_type: BTREE
        Comment:
  Index_comment:
  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
  表格同时修改个字段(不同表列内容)
  update info set age=23,num=44 where id=2;   
  mysql> select * from info;
  +----+--------+-------+-----------+------+------+
  | id | name   | score | hobbly    | age  | num  |
  +----+--------+-------+-----------+------+------+
  |  1 | zl     | 88    | 看书      |   33 | NULL |
  |  2 | 李四   | 68    | 上网      |   23 |   44 |        #成功修改
  |  3 | 王四   | 68    | 看电视    | NULL | NULL |
  +----+--------+-------+-----------+------+------+
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
  同时增加多个字段
  mysql> alter table info add column age int,add column num int;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
  Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
  mysql> desc info; #查看表结构
  +--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  | Field  | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
  +--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  | id     | int(11)  | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
  | name   | char(4)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | score  | char(6)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | hobbly | char(10) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | age    | int(11)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | num    | int(11)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  +--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 
  同时查看多条指定记录(行)
  mysql> select * from info where id in (3,4);
  +----+--------+-------+-----------+
  | id | name   | score | hobbly    |
  +----+--------+-------+-----------+
  |  3 | 王四   | 68    | 看电视    |
  |  4 | ll         | 67    | 看书      |
  +----+--------+-------+-----------+

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