在MySQL中，数据库对应数据目录中的目录。数据库中的每个表至少对应数据库目录中的一个文件(也可能是多个，取决于存储引擎)。因此，所使用操作系统的大小写敏感性决定了数据库名和表名的大小写敏感性。 在大多数Unix中数据库名和表名对大小写敏感，而在Windows中对大小写不敏感。一个显著的例外情况是Mac OS X，它基于Unix但使用默认文件系统类型(HFS+)，对大小写不敏感。然而，Mac OS X也支持UFS卷，该卷对大小写敏感，就像Unix一样。 变量lower_case_file_system说明是否数据目录所在的文件系统对文件名的大小写敏感。ON说明对文件名的大小写不敏感，OFF表示敏感。 Mysql官方文档的介绍：
Value
Meaning
Table and database names are stored on disk using the lettercase specified in the CREATE TABLE orCREATE DATABASE statement. Name comparisons are case sensitive. You should not set this variable to 0 if you are running MySQL on a system that has case-insensitive file names (such as Windows or Mac OS X). If you force this variable to 0 with --lower-case-table-names=0 on a case-insensitive file system and access MyISAM tablenames using different lettercases, index corruption may result.
Table names are stored in lowercase on disk and name comparisons are not case sensitive. MySQL converts all table names to lowercase on storage and lookup. This behavior also applies to database names and table aliases.
Table and database names are stored on disk using the lettercase specified in the CREATE TABLE orCREATE DATABASE statement, but MySQL converts them to lowercase on lookup. Name comparisons are not case sensitive. This works only on file systems that are not case sensitive! InnoDB table names are stored in lowercase, as for lower_case_table_names=1.
If you plan to set the lower_case_table_names system variable to 1 on Unix, you must first convert your old database and table names to lowercase before stopping mysqld and restarting it with the new variable setting. To do this for an individual table, use RENAME TABLE:
