首页 > 数据库 > MySQL > 正文

mysqldump single-transaction一致性的研发

2024-07-24 12:34:52
字体:
来源:转载
供稿:网友
  --single-transaction 的含义是,在开始 dump 前,设置隔离级别为 RR ,并且 start transaction. 通过将导出操作封装在一个事务 (Repeatable Read) 内来使得导出的数据是一个一致性快照。
 
   测试数据库版本:
 
  mysql> select version();
 
  +------------+
 
  | version()  |
 
  +------------+
 
  | 5.7.26-log |
 
  +------------+
 
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
  测试 1 :  
 
  sesseion A
 
  session B
 
  mysql> set tx_isolation='repeatable-read';
 
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> set tx_isolation='repeatable-read';
 
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
  mysql> begin;
 
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
  
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
  mysql> insert into test01 select 4,4;
 
  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
  Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  |    4 |    4 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> insert into test01 select 5,5;
 
  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
  Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  |    4 |    4 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 
    可以看到, RR 隔离级别下的一致性读,不是以事务 begin 的时间点建立 snapshot 的。单纯 begin 后,到第一次读取前之间其他会话的事务还是可以读取的,但是在第一次读取数据完成后,读取到的事务就不再变化了。
 
  测试 2 :
 
  session A
 
  session B
 
  mysql> set tx_isolation='repeatable-read';
 
  mysql> set tx_isolation='repeatable-read';
  
  mysql> select * from t1;
 
  Empty set (0.00 sec)
 
  mysql> begin;
 
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  |    4 |    4 |
 
  |    5 |    5 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
  mysql> insert into test01 select 6,6;
 
  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
  Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  |    4 |    4 |
 
  |    5 |    5 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 
         RR 隔离级别下的一致性读,发生在事务里面第一次 select 的时候。我试了下用 delete 语句替换 session A 的 select 语句,结果发现还是会读取到 session B 的事务。
 
  session A
 
  session B
 
  mysql> set tx_isolation='repeatable-read';
 
  mysql> set tx_isolation='repeatable-read';
 
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
  mysql> begin;
 
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
  mysql> insert into test01 select 4,4;
 
  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
  Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
  
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  |    4 |    4 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> update test01 set c2=5 where   c1=4;
 
  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
  Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1    Warnings: 0
  
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  |    4 |    5 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 
         Session A 第一次 select 建立一致性读后, session B 插入数据, session A 的 select 仍然读不到,但是 update 因为是当前读,所以更新到 session B 插入的数据。
 
         所以 begin 和 start transaction 是事务开始的标志,但不是事务开始的起点。如果要将 start transaction 作为事务开始的时间点,那么必须使用:
 
  START TRANSACTION WITH consistent snapshot    ###mysqldump 中的快照就是用这个实现的
 
  mysql> set tx_isolation='repeatable-read';
 
  mysql> set tx_isolation='repeatable-read';
 
 
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
  mysql> start transaction with   consistent snapshot;
 
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> insert into test01 select 4,4;
 
  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
  Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
  mysql> select * from test01;
 
  +----+------+
 
  | c1 | c2   |
 
  +----+------+
 
  |    1 |    1 |
 
  |    2 |    2 |
 
  |    3 |    3 |
 
  +----+------+
 
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 
  发起备份
 
  mysqldump -uroot -poracle  --single-transaction --master-data=1 -R -E --triggers -B ming --ignore_table=ming.test02 > /tmp/ming_st.sql
 
  查看备份过程的 general log :
 
  [root@oradb-2062 binlog]# more   /u01/mysql/3306/data/oradb-2062.log
 
  /u01/mysql_57/bin/mysqld, Version:   5.7.26-log (MySQL Community Server (GPL)). started with:
 
  Tcp port: 3306  Unix socket:   /u01/mysql/3306/data/mysqld.sock
 
  Time                 Id Command    Argument
 
  2019-08-01T08:30:50.718358Z        12 Query     show variables like 'log_output'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.211254Z        14 Connect   root@localhost on  using Socket
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.211413Z        14 Query     /*!40100 SET @@SQL_MODE='' */
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.211474Z        14 Query     /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.211565Z        14 Query     FLUSH /*!40101 LOCAL */ TABLES
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.212009Z        14 Query     FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.212047Z        14 Query     SET SESSION TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.212070Z        14 Query     START TRANSACTION /*!40100 WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT */
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.212115Z        14 Query     SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'gtid/_mode'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.216296Z        14 Query     SHOW MASTER STATUS
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.216472Z        14 Query     UNLOCK TABLES
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.219582Z        14 Query     SELECT LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME, FILE_NAME,   TOTAL_EXTENTS, INITIAL_SIZE, ENGINE, EXTRA FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES   WHERE FILE_TYPE = 'UNDO LOG
 
  ' AND FILE_NAME IS NOT NULL AND   LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME IS NOT NULL AND LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME IN (SELECT DISTINCT   LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES WHERE FILE_TYPE = 'DATAFILE'   AN
 
  D TABLESPACE_NAME IN (SELECT DISTINCT   TABLESPACE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PARTITIONS WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA IN   ('ming'))) GROUP BY LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME, FILE_NAME, ENGINE, TOTAL_EXTENTS, I
 
  NITIAL_SIZE ORDER BY LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.223184Z        14 Query     SELECT DISTINCT TABLESPACE_NAME,   FILE_NAME, LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME, EXTENT_SIZE, INITIAL_SIZE, ENGINE FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES WHERE FILE
 
  _TYPE = 'DATAFILE' AND TABLESPACE_NAME IN   (SELECT DISTINCT TABLESPACE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PARTITIONS WHERE   TABLE_SCHEMA IN ('ming')) ORDER BY TABLESPACE_NAME, LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.223727Z        14 Query     SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'ndbinfo/_version'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.225502Z        14 Init DB   ming
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.225545Z        14 Query     SHOW CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS   `ming`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.225683Z        14 Query     SAVEPOINT sp
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.225750Z        14 Query     show tables
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.225957Z        14 Query     show table status like 'mytest01'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226083Z        14 Query     SET SQL_QUOTE_SHOW_CREATE=1
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226114Z        14 Query     SET SESSION character_set_results =   'binary'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226145Z        14 Query     show create table `mytest01`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226190Z        14 Query     SET SESSION character_set_results =   'utf8'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226226Z        14 Query     show fields from `mytest01`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226468Z        14 Query     show fields from `mytest01`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226687Z        14 Query     SELECT /*!40001 SQL_NO_CACHE */ * FROM   `mytest01`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226810Z        14 Query     SET SESSION character_set_results =   'binary'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226844Z        14 Query     use `ming`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226877Z        14 Query     select @@collation_database
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.226920Z        14 Query     SHOW TRIGGERS LIKE 'mytest01'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.227098Z        14 Query     SET SESSION character_set_results =   'utf8'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.227130Z        14 Query     ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT sp
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.227162Z        14 Query     show table status like 'test01'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.227262Z        14 Query     SET SQL_QUOTE_SHOW_CREATE=1
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.227289Z        14 Query     SET SESSION character_set_results =   'binary'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.227316Z        14 Query     show create table `test01`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.227356Z        14 Query     SET SESSION character_set_results =   'utf8'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.227389Z        14 Query     show fields from `test01`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.227730Z        14 Query     show fields from `test01`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.227911Z        14 Query     SELECT /*!40001 SQL_NO_CACHE */ * FROM   `test01`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.228005Z        14 Query     SET SESSION character_set_results =   'binary'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.228053Z        14 Query     use `ming`
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.228084Z        14 Query     select @@collation_database
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.228143Z        14 Query     SHOW TRIGGERS LIKE 'test01'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.228336Z        14 Query     SET SESSION character_set_results =   'utf8'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.228369Z        14 Query     ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT sp
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.228399Z        14 Query     show table status like 'test03'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.228501Z        14 Query     SET SQL_QUOTE_SHOW_CREATE=1
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.228686Z        14 Query     SET SESSION character_set_results =   'binary'
 
  2019-08-01T08:31:33.228726Z        14 Query     show create table `test03`
 
  可以看到, mysqldump 的大致实现过程是:连接 -> 初始化信息 -> 刷新表(锁表) -> 开启事务(一致性快照) -> 记录偏移量 -> 解锁表

(编辑:武林网)

发表评论 共有条评论
用户名: 密码:
验证码: 匿名发表