MySQL 5.7中如何定位DDL被阻塞的难题

2024-07-24 12:31:48

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在MySQL 5.7中，针对MDL，引入了一张新表performance_schema.metadata_locks，该表可对外展示MDL的相关信息，包括其作用对象，类型及持有等待情况。

开启MDL的instrument
但是相关instrument并没有开启（MySQL 8.0是默认开启的），其可通过如下两种方式开启，

临时生效

修改performance_schema.setup_instrume nts表，但实例重启后，又会恢复为默认值。

UPDATE performance_schema.setup_instruments SET ENABLED = 'YES', TIMED = 'YES'WHERE NAME = 'wait/lock/metadata/sql/mdl';
永久生效

但需要注意的是，owner_thread_id给出的只是线程ID，并不是show processlist中的ID。如果要查找线程对应的processlist id，需查询performance_schema.threads表。

session3> select * from performance_schema.threads where thread_id in (27,29)/G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
          THREAD_ID: 27
               NAME: thread/sql/one_connection
               TYPE: FOREGROUND
     PROCESSLIST_ID: 2
   PROCESSLIST_USER: root
   PROCESSLIST_HOST: localhost
     PROCESSLIST_DB: NULL
PROCESSLIST_COMMAND: Sleep
   PROCESSLIST_TIME: 214
  PROCESSLIST_STATE: NULL
   PROCESSLIST_INFO: NULL
   PARENT_THREAD_ID: 1
               ROLE: NULL
       INSTRUMENTED: YES
            HISTORY: YES
    CONNECTION_TYPE: Socket
       THREAD_OS_ID: 9800
*************************** 2. row ***************************
          THREAD_ID: 29
               NAME: thread/sql/one_connection
               TYPE: FOREGROUND
     PROCESSLIST_ID: 4
   PROCESSLIST_USER: root
   PROCESSLIST_HOST: localhost
     PROCESSLIST_DB: NULL
PROCESSLIST_COMMAND: Query
   PROCESSLIST_TIME: 172
  PROCESSLIST_STATE: Waiting for table metadata lock
   PROCESSLIST_INFO: alter table slowtech.t1 add c1 int
   PARENT_THREAD_ID: 1
               ROLE: NULL
       INSTRUMENTED: YES
            HISTORY: YES
    CONNECTION_TYPE: Socket
       THREAD_OS_ID: 9907
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
将这两张表结合，借鉴sys.innodb_lock _waits的输出，实际上我们也可以直观地呈现MDL的等待关系。

SELECT
    a.OBJECT_SCHEMA AS locked_schema,
    a.OBJECT_NAME AS locked_table,
    "Metadata Lock" AS locked_type,
    c.PROCESSLIST_ID AS waiting_processlist_id,
    c.PROCESSLIST_TIME AS waiting_age,
    c.PROCESSLIST_INFO AS waiting_query,
    c.PROCESSLIST_STATE AS waiting_state,
    d.PROCESSLIST_ID AS blocking_processlist_id,
    d.PROCESSLIST_TIME AS blocking_age,
    d.PROCESSLIST_INFO AS blocking_query,
    concat('KILL ', d.PROCESSLIST_ID) AS sql_kill_blocking_connection

mysql> select * from sys.schema_table_lock_waits/G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               object_schema: slowtech
                 object_name: t1
           waiting_thread_id: 29
                 waiting_pid: 4
             waiting_account: root@localhost
           waiting_lock_type: EXCLUSIVE
       waiting_lock_duration: TRANSACTION
               waiting_query: alter table slowtech.t1 add c1 int
          waiting_query_secs: 446
waiting_query_rows_affected: 0
waiting_query_rows_examined: 0
          blocking_thread_id: 27
                blocking_pid: 2
            blocking_account: root@localhost
          blocking_lock_type: SHARED_READ
      blocking_lock_duration: TRANSACTION
     sql_kill_blocking_query: KILL QUERY 2
sql_kill_blocking_connection: KILL 2
*************************** 2. row ***************************
               object_schema: slowtech
                 object_name: t1
           waiting_thread_id: 29
                 waiting_pid: 4
             waiting_account: root@localhost
           waiting_lock_type: EXCLUSIVE
       waiting_lock_duration: TRANSACTION
               waiting_query: alter table slowtech.t1 add c1 int
          waiting_query_secs: 446
waiting_query_rows_affected: 0
waiting_query_rows_examined: 0
          blocking_thread_id: 29
                blocking_pid: 4
            blocking_account: root@localhost
          blocking_lock_type: SHARED_UPGRADABLE
      blocking_lock_duration: TRANSACTION
     sql_kill_blocking_query: KILL QUERY 4
sql_kill_blocking_connection: KILL 4
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
具体分析下官方的输出，

只有一个alter table操作，却产生了两条记录，而且两条记录的kill对象竟然还不一样，对表结构不熟悉及不仔细看记录内容的话，难免会kill错对象。

不仅如此，如果有N个查询被DDL操作堵塞，则会产生N*2条记录。在阻塞操作较多的情况下，这N*2条记录完全是个噪音。

而之前的SQL，无论有多少操作被阻塞，一个alter table操作，就只会输出一条记录。

如何查看阻塞会话已经执行过的操作
但上面这个SQL也有遗憾，其blocking_query为NULL，而在会话1中，其明明已经执行了三个SQL。

这个与performance_schema.threads（类似于show processlist）有关，其只会输出当前正在运行的SQL，对于已经执行过的，实际上是没办法看到。

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