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MySQL InnoDB Cluster环境搭建和简单测验

2024-07-24 12:31:20
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       InnoDB Cluster初印象
 
     记得MySQL Group Replicatioin 刚开始的时候,MySQL界很是轰动,等待了多年,终于有了官方的这个高可用解决方案。你要说还有一些方案补充,比如MySQL Cluster,MySQL Proxy,这些的使用率个人感觉还是不高,也就是经受的考验还不够,原因有很多,就不赘述了。
 
     MySQL DBA:所以说MGR的企业级应用还是需要一些辅助,这样才算是一个完整的解决方案。
 
    不久,MySQL InnoDB Cluster推出,我觉得这个方案想比原来的MGR更进一步,说实话,我很看好这个方案,尽管目前愿意真正去用的用户确实不多。
 
    如果你看一下官方的这个架构图,就会发现,MGR本身就是Innodb Cluster的一部分,还有两个组件,MySQL Shell,MySQL Router,这三板斧就是InnoDB Cluster的一个核心组件,而正如我之前所说,可以看到MySQL的一个格局和定位,他正在很努力去解决以前诟病的问题。
  
    要安装InnoDB Cluster,环境的一个基本要求就是Python,我看了下,很多默认的系统版本是2.6,而它的最低要求是2.7及以上,所以还是需要提前准备下这个部分。
 
    如果你的系统是Python 2.6版本的,可以考虑升级到2.7,参考如下的方法。
 
搭建InnoDB Cluster显而易见需要多台服务器,而如果在一台服务器上练习测试,也是全然没有问题,如果想更快更方便的测试模拟,还可以使用sandbox来做,首先你得有sandbox,接着InnoDB Cluster的三大组件是MGR,MySQL Shell,MySQL Router,所以你可以从官网直接下载下来。
 
然后我们开启安装之旅。
 
使用MySQL Shell的命令mysqlsh开始部署,创建一个端口为3310的实例
 
mysql-js> dba.deploySandboxInstance(3310)
A new MySQL sandbox instance will be created on this host in
/root/mysql-sandboxes/3310
 
输入密码之后,一个3310端口的MySQL服务就启动了。
Please enter a MySQL root password for the new instance:
Deploying new MySQL instance...
Instance localhost:3310 successfully deployed and started.
Use shell.connect('root@localhost:3310'); to connect to the instance.
接着创建另外两个节点 3320,3330
dba.deploySandboxInstance(3320)
dba.deploySandboxInstance(3330)
我们切换到3310的MySQL实例,准备开始创建Cluster
mysql-js>  /connect root@localhost:3310
Creating a Session to 'root@localhost:3310'
Enter password:
Closing old connection...
Classic Session successfully established. No default schema selected.
 
这个时候,我们再配置一下MySQL Router,创建个软链接,保证能够正常调用。
 
# ln -s /home/innodb_cluster/mysql-router-2.1.3-linux-glibc2.12-x86-64bit/bin/mysqlrouter   /usr/bin/mysqlroute
# which mysqlroute
/usr/bin/mysqlroute
配置MySQL Router的启动节点为端口3310的实例
# mysqlrouter --bootstrap root@localhost:3310 --user=mysql
 
这个时候还是要输入密码,成功之后,这个绑定就打通了。
 
Please enter MySQL password for root:
Bootstrapping system MySQL Router instance...
MySQL Router  has now been configured for the InnoDB cluster 'testCluster'.
The following connection information can be used to connect to the cluster.
Classic MySQL protocol connections to cluster 'testCluster':
- Read/Write Connections: localhost:6446
- Read/Only Connections: localhost:6447
X protocol connections to cluster 'testCluster':
- Read/Write Connections: localhost:64460
- Read/Only Connections: localhost:64470
可以从上面的日志看出来,分配的读写端口是6446,只读端口是6447,还有x协议连接的端口为64460,64470
启动MySQL Router
# mysqlrouter &
[1] 2913
 
如果对MySQL Router还有些疑问,可以看看安装目录下,会生成下面的配置文件,我们就看里面的.conf文件,里面的一部分内容如下:
[routing:testCluster_default_rw]
bind_address=0.0.0.0
bind_port=6446
destinations=metadata-cache://testCluster/default?role=PRIMARY
mode=read-write
protocol=classic
 
也可以使用describe得到一些基本的信息
mysql-js> cluster.describe();
{
    "clusterName": "testCluster",
    "defaultReplicaSet": {
        "instances": [
            {
                "host": "localhost:3310",
                "label": "localhost:3310",
                "role": "HA"
            },
            {
                "host": "localhost:3320",
                "label": "localhost:3320",
                "role": "HA"
            },
            {
                "host": "localhost:3330",
                "label": "localhost:3330",
                "role": "HA"
            }
        ],
        "name": "default"
    }
}
  
把节点2纳入到Cluster中
 
mysql-js> cluster.rejoinInstance('root@localhost:3310')
Rejoining the instance to the InnoDB cluster. Depending on the original
problem that made the instance unavailable, the rejoin operation might not be
successful and further manual steps will be needed to fix the underlying
problem.
Please monitor the output of the rejoin operation and take necessary action if
the instance cannot rejoin.
Please provide the password for 'root@localhost:3310':
Rejoining instance to the cluster ...
The instance 'root@localhost:3310' was successfully rejoined on the cluster.
The instance 'localhost:3310' was successfully added to the MySQL Cluster.
mysql-js>
 
可以想象如果是一个生产系统,这么多的日志,这个过程真是让人纠结。
最后来一个切换后的Cluster状态
mysql-js> cluster.status()
{
    "clusterName": "testCluster",
    "defaultReplicaSet": {
        "name": "default",
        "primary": "localhost:3320",
        "status": "OK",
        "statusText": "Cluster is ONLINE and can tolerate up to ONE failure.",
        "topology": {
            "localhost:3310": {
                "address": "localhost:3310",
                "mode": "R/O",
                "readReplicas": {},
                "role": "HA",
                "status": "ONLINE"
            },
            "localhost:3320": {
                "address": "localhost:3320",
                "mode": "R/W",
                "readReplicas": {},
                "role": "HA",
                "status": "ONLINE"
            },
            "localhost:3330": {
                "address": "localhost:3330",
                "mode": "R/O",
                "readReplicas": {},
                "role": "HA",
                "status": "ONLINE"

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