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高可靠性移动应用程序---J2ME工具(2)

2024-07-21 02:39:05
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  一个应用程序例子
  现在通过一个简单的例子,我们检测一下移动数据库应用程序的典型用法和要害组件。
  
  移动联系治理器
  这是一个由PointBase提供的移动联系治理器的例子。联系治理器 contact manager包括在PointBase 4.x中。为了读者方便,我已经把源代码打包成zip文件放在Resource中。假如你想编译和运行例子,你必须先从PointBase处下载适当的jar文件。
  这个应用程序本身比较简单。它主要沿用了高级地址本应用程序的通用特性。例如,它答应用户存储联系人名字,地址和电话号码;提供自觉浏览和搜索接口;和后台数据库服务器同步。图1和图2分别显示了该应用程序在标准模式和同步模式下的操作。这些屏幕快照来自一个由Insignia’s Jeode Personaljava VM驱动的Pocket PC 和一个由J2SE驱动的Mac OS X 膝上型电脑。相同字节代码的应用程序没有经过修改运行在许多平台上,证实了Java的威力。
  
 高可靠性移动应用程序---J2ME工具(2)(图一)

  
图1 在袖珍PC Jeode PersonalJava上的标准联系治理器

  
 高可靠性移动应用程序---J2ME工具(2)(图二)

  
图2 在Mac OS X上的两个同步的联系治理器spoke

  
  客户端应用程序UI(用户界面)是用AWT写的。这是被PersonalJava或J2ME/FP/PP设备所支持的唯一标准UI库。除了这些UI驱动,我们还有另一个代码层,它提供访问一般的设备上JDBC数据库。这个数据库访问层也提供了与后台服务器同步移动数据的逻辑,它是通过PointBase专有UniSync同步服务器来实现的。现在我们来看看数据访问层的代码,它包括在一个单独的类:DBManager.
  
  设备上的数据访问
  类DBManager是一个单独的类,它提供从应用程序单点访问数据。这个单独模式避免了嵌入式数据库的线程复杂性。下面的代码片断显示了DBManager的构造器和初始化的代码。它连接数据库,定义表,将测试数据导入表中,创建为以后时候的SQL状态模版(PReparedStatement)。正如我们所看到的,这里用到的都是标准JDBC。对于企业Java 开发者下面的代码应该很轻易明白:
  
  例1 连接移动数据库和初始化访问对象
  
  class DBManager {
   // DBManager is a singleton class.
   private static DBManager instance;
   private String driver;
   private String url;
   private String user;
   private String passWord;
   private boolean delay;
   private Connection connection;
   private Statement statement;
   private PreparedStatement insert;
   private PreparedStatement find;
   private PreparedStatement delete;
   private PreparedStatement update;
   private PreparedStatement all;
  
   static DBManager getInstance() {
  if (instance == null) {
   instance = new DBManager();
  }
  return instance;
   }
  
   private DBManager() {
  // Get parameters from runtime properties.
  // This allows us to switch to different JDBC databases
  // without changing the application code.
  Properties properties = ContactManager.getProperties();
  driver =
   properties.getProperty("driver", "com.pointbase.me.jdbc.jdbcDriver");
  url =
   properties.getProperty("url", "jdbc:pointbase:micro:pbdemo");
  user =
   properties.getProperty("user", "PBPUBLIC");
  password =
   properties.getProperty("password", "PBPUBLIC");
  delay =
   properties.getProperty("delayread","true").equals("true");
  connect();
   }
  
   private void connect() {
  try {
   // Load the driver class.
   Class.forName(driver);
  
   // If the database doesn't exist, create a new database.
   connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
  
   // Create template statement objects.
   statement = connection.createStatement();
   createStatement();
  
   // If the database is newly created, load the schema.
   boolean newdb=initDatabase();
   // Load sample data for the new tables.
   if(newdb) {
     SampleDataCreator.insert(connection);
   }
  
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
   System.exit(1);
  }
   }
  
   void disconnect() {
  try {
   connection.commit();
   statement.close();
   insert.close();
   find.close();
   delete.close();
   update.close();
   all.close();
   connection.close();
   System.exit(0);
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
   System.exit(1);
  }
   }
  
   // Create the table and load the schema.
   private boolean initDatabase() {
  try {
   String sql = "CREATE TABLE NameCard (ID INT PRIMARY KEY, "+
    "Name VARCHAR(254), Company VARCHAR(254), Title VARCHAR(254), "+
    "Address1 VARCHAR(254), Address2 VARCHAR(254), "+
    "Phone VARCHAR(254), Email VARCHAR(254), "+
    "Picture Binary(1000000))";
   // If the table already exists, this will throw an exception.
   statement.executeUpdate(sql);
   // This means the database already exists.
   return true;
  } catch (SQLException e) {
   // Ignore the error - the table already exists, which is good
   // so we don't need to add demo data later on.
   return false;
  }
   }
  
   // Create statement templates.
   private void createStatement() {
  try {
   insert = connection.prepareStatement(
    "INSERT INTO NameCard (ID, Name, Company, Title, Address1, "+
    "Address2, Phone, Email, Picture) "+
    "VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)");
   find = connection.prepareStatement(
    "SELECT * FROM NameCard WHERE (Name LIKE ?) "+
    "AND (Company LIKE ?) AND (Title LIKE ?) "+
    "AND ((Address1 LIKE ?) OR (Address2 LIKE ?)) "+
    "AND (Phone LIKE ?) AND (Email LIKE ?)");
   delete = connection.prepareStatement(
    "DELETE FROM NameCard WHERE ID = ?");
   update = connection.prepareStatement(
    "UPDATE NameCard SET ID=?, Name=?, Company=?, Title=?, "+
    "Address1=?, Address2=?, Phone=?, Email=?, Picture=? "+
    "WHERE ID = ?");
   all = connection.prepareStatement(
    "SELECT ID, Name, Company, Title, Address1, Address2, "+
    "Phone, Email FROM NameCard");
  } catch (SQLException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
   }
  
   // Other methods.
  
  }
  
  在DBManager中的其他方法通过简单JDBC API调用进行访问数据库。
如下的代码片断展示了搜索和操纵名称卡片记录的方法。这些方法使用了我们之前定义的SQL模版。
  例2 数据访问方法
  
  Vector findNameCardsByKeyword(String name, String company,
    String title, String address1, String address2,
    String phone, String email) {
   Vector NameCards = new Vector();
   String[] keywords = {name, company, title, address1, address2,
            phone, email};
   try {
  for (int i = 0; i < keywords.length; i++) {
   String criteria = (keywords[i].equals("")) ? "%" :
            "%" + keywords[i] + "%";
   find.setString(i + 1, criteria);
  }
  ResultSet resultSet = find.executeQuery();
  while (resultSet.next()) {
   NameCard nameCard = new NameCard(resultSet.getInt(1),
      resultSet.getString(2), resultSet.getString(3),
      resultSet.getString(4), resultSet.getString(5),
      resultSet.getString(6),
      resultSet.getString(7), resultSet.getString(8));
   if (!delay)
    loadPic

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