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rem 这是一个DBA_Monitor.sql程序，目的是日常监测分析数据库之用。
rem 使用时服务器并不一定要设置为timed_statistics=true。
rem 我希望在你们这里可以发表一个月后，我收集意见后再修改为正式版。
rem 看过的朋友一定提更改意见噢!
rem 主要参考《Oracle8 DBA Handbook》,《Oracle8 Tuning》。
rem
rem
rem ---------------------------------------------------
rem 执行说明：本程序第一部分需要DBA权限,
rem 第二部分针对实际用户,它们拥有表,索引,Source等。
rem # cat> ding92sql
rem sqlplus system/passwd@stamex < rem @dba_monitor.sql
rem connect stamexxx/passwd@stamex
rem @getuser_objects.sql
rem EOFa1
rem exit
rem 数据库性能调整包括三方面的内容OS,DB,App)
rem OS=操作系统，分别从CPU,Memory,Disk,NetWork
rem 查询数据表的:名称行数.变化列数InitailCacheTSpace
rem 查询数据表索引的:名称表名列数类型Initial
rem 查询数据表约束:名称表名相关性类型
rem 查询SQL的频率和效率v_$sqlarea,跟踪到sqls表中
rem 生成并定期执行:index1rebld.sql, index2rebld.sql
rem ORACLE数据库情况统计分析程序, 2001.02--2001.05, Ding Jugang
rem 1、 参数dbwr_io_slave等三个从属进程可以分别设置为 40:12:6
rem 2、 参数PRocess 一般是实际进程数据的1.5倍, 是为限制进程总数.
rem process过大将降低系统的性能，可适当考虑降低该数值到600
rem 3、 当LOG FILE SWITCH时出现等待时，建议加大REDO LOG FILE,一般是30分钟
rem 一次切换。目前是128MB,配合4MB LOG_BUFFER已经可以了(8M也没用).
rem 4、 在整个系统较繁忙时检测SHARED_POOL(一般情况下应该空余1/4)
rem 5、 SGA应该小于整个物理内存的一半，太大会导致内存换页出现(PI/PO)
rem 6、 MTS对于网站应用是理想选择，但在过分繁忙的客户端压力下，MTS会自动失败
rem 而重启专用进程(例如过多的php连接)，估计是应用类型不兼容。
rem 7、 命令instat,vmstat,top,w 能从OS级评估系统负荷。
rem 监测下面语句的执行结果的变化率，能得出数据库级的硬盘读写流量。
rem select count(FILE#),sum(PHYRDS),sum(PHYWRTS),sum(PHYBLKRD) from sys.V_$filestat;
rem================================================================
rem 创建SQL跟踪表SQLS
rem create table SQLS as select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>100;
rem 择机(有性能怀疑时)执行跟踪, 并执行随后的查询：
rem insert into sqls select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>10 and executions<10;
rem 1)最高频率的SQL
rem select disk_reads,executions,rows_processed,sql_text from SQLS
rem where executions> 99 ;
rem 2)查询性能最差的SQL：
rem select disk_reads,executions,rows_processed,first_load_time,sql_text from SQLS
rem order by first_load_time;
select disk_reads,executions,rows_processed,first_load_time,sql_text
from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>10 and executions <10 order by first_load_time;
rem ========================================================================
rem 567890123456789_1234567890123456789_1234567890123456789_1234567890123456
rem ==RowCache,LibraryCache 依靠于Shared_pool,参看sys.v_$sgastat ===
rem 此二者当达到95%，现已经达到99%
select (sum(pins - reloads))/ sum(pins) "lib cache" from sys.v_$librarycache;
select (sum(gets-getmisses-usage-fixed)) / sum(gets) from sys.v_$rowcache;
rem ==================== SGA ==============================================
rem ======= sys.v_$sgastat,SGA中具体说明 =====================
rem 剩余共享池: 保留Free Memory 大于25%
column name format A46
column value format 999999,999,999
select * from sys.v_$sgastat where rownum<5;
rem =================== SYS ===============================================
rem ========= sys.v_$SYSstat 具体列表,下面是几个指标的算法=======
rem 数据缓冲命中率：1- 40#/(39#+38#) = 99.8% > 95%
rem 内存排序成功率：1- 162#/(161#) = 99.4% > 92%
rem 脏缓冲区平均长度(oracle8i已废除之): 41#/42#=0.06 rem 应用效率：全表扫描<1%, 140#long/(139#short+140#long)
column class format 99999
column value format 999999,999,999
select * from sys.v_$sysstat
where STATISTIC# in (38,39,40,41,42,43,139,140,141,106,161,162,163);
rem 日志缓存要满足空间请求极小,每日300,还可更小：
rem LOG_BUFFER=4MB,还可再大。
rem select * from sys.v_$sysstat where name like 'redo%';
rem
rem ==================回滚段1==============================================
rem 回滚段有效率：waits/gets<1% 即: 无等待命中率NoWait_Hit_Ratio接近于1
rem 回滚段数据量在4---100个,同样规格大小,尽可能稳定不变。
rem alter TABLESPACE RBS DEFAULT STORAGE
rem (INITIAL 1M NEXT 1M MINEXTENTS 8 PCTINCREASE 0);
rem CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RB21 TABLESPACE RBS;
rem ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT RB21 storage( minextents 4 optimal 8M);
rem CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RB55 TABLESPACE RBS2 storage(minextents 8 optimal 8M);
column Ratios? format 99.9999
select count(*), sum(waits)/sum(gets) from sys.v_$rollstat;
rem rssize>=最优保留值optimal,shrinks是动态收缩次数,每小时2次是答应的。
rem 例如，统计信息：rssize=8M,extents=8, waits和shrinks 小于天天2次
select usn,extents,gets,writes,rssize,waits,shrinks
from sys.v_$rollstat;
rem =======****** 回滚段2 ****===========
rem 这里是回滚段的汇总统计,分析其扩展段之定义。其命中率统计见v_$roolstat
rem dba_rollback_segs 下面验证一致性。
select owner,initial_extent,NEXT_EXTENT,Min_EXTENTS,MAX_EXTENTS,count(*),
TABLESPACE_NAME,STATUS
from dba_rollback_segs
group by owner,initial_extent,NEXT_EXTENT,min_extents,
MAX_EXTENTS,TABLESPACE_NAME,STATUS;
rem dba_rollback_segs --> detail 定义
column SEGMENT_name format a6
column TABLESPACE_NAME format a12
select SEGMENT_name,owner,initial_extent,NEXT_EXTENT,Min_EXTENTS,MAX_EXTENTS,
TABLESPACE_NAME,STATUS from dba_rollback_segs;
rem ======================== 闩 ===========================================
rem 闩-Oracle内部锁，无等待命中率NoWait_Hit_Ratio接近于1
column name format A30
select name, immediate_gets "Imme_gets", immediate_misses "Imme_Mis",
round(immediate_gets/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses),3) "nowait_hit_ratio"
from sys.v_$latch where immediate_gets+immediate_misses != 0 order by name;
rem 闩-Oracle内部锁，命中率HITRATIO(即misses/gets)接近于0
rem sleeps, immediate_gets "Imme_gets", 为了易于阅览,不要换行
column Mis/Get? format 99.999;
select name, gets, misses, misses/gets "Mis/Get?",
immediate_misses "Imme_Mis"
from sys.v_$latch where gets > 0 order by name;
rem ================== 系统等待 ===========================================
rem 系统等待累计次数和累计时间
column class format A30
select * from sys.v_$waitstat ;
column event format A28
select * from sys.v_$system_event order by TOTAL_WAITS;
rem ==============================================================
rem ================ v_$session_wait ======================================
rem 会话正在等待的累计时间seconds
select event,sum(SECONDS_IN_WAIT),count(*)
from sys.v_$session_wait group by event ;
rem rdbms ipc message 3648 6
rem slave wait 31501 41 太大?
rem===================================================================rem 会话等待的累计次数和累计时间
column event format A32
select event,type, sum(total_waits) "Waits",
sum(time_waited) "SumTime",count(*) "Count"
from sys.v_$session s, sys.v_$session_event e
where s.sid = e.sid
group by event,type
order by type ;
rem =================================================================
rem 这里是日志文件和控制
