用C#获取文件类型信息

[手动查看]
资源管理器 -> 工具 -> 文件夹选项 -> 文件类型

[c/c++]
#include <windows.h>
#include <shellapi.h> //shfileinfo结构和shgetfileinfo函数所在
//#include <stdio.h>

int winapi winmain(hinstance hinstance, hinstance hprevinstance,
    lpstr lpcmdline, int ncmdshow)
{
    shfileinfo shfi;
    memset(&shfi,0,sizeof(shfi));
    shgetfileinfo("c://windows//notepad.exe", //文件路径
        file_attribute_normal,                //文件属性
        &shfi,                                //信息结构
        sizeof(shfi),
        shgfi_typename);                      //获取标识
  
    char *msg = shfi.sztypename;
    
    //在dos窗口输出
    //printf("%s/n",msg);
    //getchar();
    
    lpctstr lpcstr = (lpctstr)msg; //char*转换lpctstr
    messagebox(null, lpcstr, "文件类型", mb_ok);
    return 0;
}



[c#] - mode 1
using microsoft.win32;

//通过查询注册表来获取文件类型名称，但此方法具有致命缺陷！
string ext = ".mp3";
string desc = (string)registry.classesroot.opensubkey(ext).getvalue(null);
string typeinfo = (string)registry.classesroot.opensubkey(desc).getvalue(null);



[c#] - mode 2
using system.runtime.interopservices;

//在shell32.dll导入函数shgetfileinfo
[dllimport("shell32.dll", entrypoint="shgetfileinfo")]
public static extern int getfileinfo(string pszpath, int dwfileattributes,
    ref fileinfomation psfi, int cbfileinfo,int uflags);

//定义shfileinfo结构(名字随便起，这里用fileinfomation)
[structlayout(layoutkind.sequential)]
public struct fileinfomation
{
    public intptr hicon;
    public int iicon;
    public int dwattributes;

    [marshalas(unmanagedtype.byvaltstr, sizeconst=260)]
    public string szdisplayname;

    [marshalas(unmanagedtype.byvaltstr, sizeconst=80)]
    public string sztypename;
}

//定义文件属性标识
public enum fileattributeflags : int
{
    file_attribute_readonly            =0x00000001,
    file_attribute_hidden              =0x00000002,
    file_attribute_system              =0x00000004,
    file_attribute_directory           =0x00000010,
    file_attribute_archive             =0x00000020,
    file_attribute_device              =0x00000040,
    file_attribute_normal              =0x00000080,
    file_attribute_temporary           =0x00000100,
    file_attribute_sparse_file         =0x00000200,
    file_attribute_reparse_point       =0x00000400,
    file_attribute_compressed          =0x00000800,
    file_attribute_offline             =0x00001000,
    file_attribute_not_content_indexed =0x00002000,
    file_attribute_encrypted           =0x00004000
}

//定义获取资源标识
public enum getfileinfoflags : int
{
    shgfi_icon              =0x000000100,     // get icon
    shgfi_displayname       =0x000000200,     // get display name
    shgfi_typename          =0x000000400,     // get type name
    shgfi_attributes        =0x000000800,     // get attributes
    shgfi_iconlocation      =0x000001000,     // get icon location
    shgfi_exetype           =0x000002000,     // return exe type
    shgfi_sysiconindex      =0x000004000,     // get system icon index
    shgfi_linkoverlay       =0x000008000,     // put a link overlay on icon
    shgfi_selected          =0x000010000,     // show icon in selected state
    shgfi_attr_specified    =0x000020000,     // get only specified attributes
    shgfi_largeicon         =0x000000000,     // get large icon
    shgfi_smallicon         =0x000000001,     // get small icon
    shgfi_openicon          =0x000000002,     // get open icon
    shgfi_shelliconsize     =0x000000004,     // get shell size icon
    shgfi_pidl              =0x000000008,     // pszpath is a pidl
    shgfi_usefileattributes =0x000000010,     // use passed dwfileattribute
    shgfi_addoverlays       =0x000000020,     // apply the appropriate overlays
    shgfi_overlayindex      =0x000000040      // get the index of the overlay
}


private string gettypename(string filename)
{
    fileinfomation fileinfo = new fileinfomation();  //初始化fileinfomation结构
    
    //调用getfileinfo函数，最后一个参数说明获取的是文件类型(shgfi_typename)
    int res = getfileinfo(filename, (int)fileattributeflags.file_attribute_normal,
        ref fileinfo, marshal.sizeof(fileinfo), (int)getfileinfoflags.shgfi_typename);

    return fileinfo.sztypename;
}

private void form1_load(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
    string filename = @"c:/windows/notepad.exe";  //定义文件路径
    string filetypename = gettypename(filename);

    messagebox.show(filetypename);
}



后记：搞了一个深夜，一头雾水~~~




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