从excel文件中,导入数据到sql数据库中,很简单,直接用下面的语句:
/*===================================================================*/
--如果接受数据导入的表已经存在
insert into 表 select * from
openrowset('microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0'
,'excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:/test.xls',sheet1$)
--如果导入数据并生成表
select * into 表 from
openrowset('microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0'
,'excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:/test.xls',sheet1$)
/*===================================================================*/
--如果从sql数据库中,导出数据到excel,如果excel文件已经存在,而且已经按照要接收的数据创建好表头,就可以简单的用:
insert into openrowset('microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0'
,'excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:/test.xls',sheet1$)
select * from 表
--如果excel文件不存在,也可以用bcp来导成类excel的文件,注意大小写:
--导出表的情况
exec master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp 数据库名.dbo.表名 out "c:/test.xls" /c -/s"服务器名" /u"用户名" -p"密码"'
--导出查询的情况
exec master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "select au_fname, au_lname from pubs..authors order by au_lname" queryout "c:/test.xls" /c -/s"服务器名" /u"用户名" -p"密码"'
说明.
c:/test.xls 为导入/导出的excel文件名.
sheet1$ 为excel文件的工作表名,一般要加上$才能正常使用.
下面是导出真正excel文件的方法:
/*--数据导出excel
导出表中的数据到excel,包含字段名,文件为真正的excel文件
,如果文件不存在,将自动创建文件
,如果表不存在,将自动创建表
基于通用性考虑,仅支持导出标准数据类型
---*/
/*--调用示例
p_exporttb @tbname='地区资料',@path='c:/',@fname='aa.xls'
--*/
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(n'[dbo].[p_exporttb]') and objectproperty(id, n'isprocedure') = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]
go
create proc p_exporttb
@tbname sysname, --要导出的表名,注意只能是表名/视图名
@path nvarchar(1000), --文件存放目录
@fname nvarchar(250)='' --文件名,默认为表名
as
declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int
declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)
--参数检测
if isnull(@fname,'')='' set @[email protected]+'.xls'
--检查文件是否已经存在
if right(@path,1)<>'/' set @[email protected]+'/'
create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)
set @[email protected][email protected]
insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql
--数据库创建语句
set @[email protected][email protected]
if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)
set @constr='driver={microsoft excel driver (*.xls)};dsn='''';readonly=false'
+';create_db="'[email protected]+'";dbq='[email protected]
else
set @constr='provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;extended properties="excel 5.0;hdr=yes'
+';database='[email protected]+'"'
--连接数据库
exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj out
if @err<>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constr
if @err<>0 goto lberr
--创建表的sql
select @sql='',@fdlist=''
select @[email protected]+','+a.name
,@[email protected]+',['+a.name+'] '
+case when b.name in('char','nchar','varchar','nvarchar') then
'text('+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+')'
when b.name in('tynyint','int','bigint','tinyint') then 'int'
when b.name in('smalldatetime','datetime') then 'datetime'
when b.name in('money','smallmoney') then 'money'
else b.name end
from syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
where b.name not in('image','text','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','ntext','varbinary','binary','timestamp')
and object_id(@tbname)=id
select @sql='create table ['[email protected]
+']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')'
,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql
if @err<>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj
--导入数据
set @sql='openrowset(''microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0'',''excel 5.0;hdr=yes
;database='[email protected][email protected]+''',['[email protected]+'$])'
exec('insert into '[email protected]+'('[email protected]+') select '[email protected]+' from '[email protected])
return
lberr:
exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号
,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述
select @sql,@constr,@fdlist
go
*--数据导出excel
导出查询中的数据到excel,包含字段名,文件为真正的excel文件
,如果文件不存在,将自动创建文件
,如果表不存在,将自动创建表
基于通用性考虑,仅支持导出标准数据类型
--*/
/*--调用示例
p_exporttb @sqlstr='select * from 地区资料'
,@path='c:/',@fname='aa.xls',@sheetname='地区资料'
--*/
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(n'[dbo].[p_exporttb]') and objectproperty(id, n'isprocedure') = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]
go
create proc p_exporttb
@sqlstr sysname, --查询语句,如果查询语句中使用了order by ,请加上top 100 percent,注意,如果导出表/视图,用上面的存储过程
@path nvarchar(1000), --文件存放目录
@fname nvarchar(250), --文件名
@sheetname varchar(250)='' --要创建的工作表名,默认为文件名
as
declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int
declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)
--参数检测
if isnull(@fname,'')='' set @fname='temp.xls'
if isnull(@sheetname,'')='' set @sheetname=replace(@fname,'.','#')
--检查文件是否已经存在
if right(@path,1)<>'/' set @[email protected]+'/'
create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)
set @[email protected][email protected]
insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql
--数据库创建语句
set @[email protected][email protected]
if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)
set @constr='driver={microsoft excel driver (*.xls)};dsn='''';readonly=false'
+';create_db="'[email protected]+'";dbq='[email protected]
else
set @constr='provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;extended properties="excel 5.0;hdr=yes'
+';database='[email protected]+'"'
--连接数据库
exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj out
if @err<>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constr
if @err<>0 goto lberr
--创建表的sql
declare @tbname sysname
set @tbname='##tmp_'+convert(varchar(38),newid())
set @sql='select * into ['[email protected]+'] from('[email protected]+') a'
exec(@sql)
select @sql='',@fdlist=''
select @[email protected]+','+a.name
,@[email protected]+',['+a.name+'] '
+case when b.name in('char','nchar','varchar','nvarchar') then
'text('+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+')'
when b.name in('tynyint','int','bigint','tinyint') then 'int'
when b.name in('smalldatetime','datetime') then 'datetime'
when b.name in('money','smallmoney') then 'money'
else b.name end
from tempdb..syscolumns a left join tempdb..systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
where b.name not in('image','text','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','ntext','varbinary','binary','timestamp')
and a.id=(select id from tempdb..sysobjects where [email protected])
select @sql='create table ['[email protected]
+']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')'
,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql
if @err<>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj
--导入数据
set @sql='openrowset(''microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0'',''excel 5.0;hdr=yes
;database='[email protected][email protected]+''',['[email protected]+'$])'
exec('insert into '[email protected]+'('[email protected]+') select '[email protected]+' from ['[email protected]+']')
set @sql='drop table ['[email protected]+']'
exec(@sql)
return
lberr:
exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号
,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述
select @sql,@constr,@fdlist
go
