SpringMVC下实现Excel文件上传下载

2024-07-14 08:40:08

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在实际应用中，经常会遇到上传Excel或者下载Excel的情况，比如导入数据、下载统计数据等等场景。针对这个问题，我写了个基于SpringMVC的简单上传下载示例，其中Excel的处理使用Apache的POI组件。

主要依赖的包如下：

<dependency>    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>    <version>2.4</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>    <version>1.3.1</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>    <version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>    <version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>    <artifactId>poi</artifactId>    <version>3.10.1</version>   </dependency>

相关处理类：

（一）Controller类

package com.research.spring.controller;  import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map;  import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;  import com.research.spring.model.UserInfo; import com.research.spring.view.ExcelView;  @Controller @RequestMapping("/file") public class FileController {   /**   * Excel文件上传处理   * @param file   * @return   */  @RequestMapping("/upload")  public ModelAndView uploadExcel(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file){   List<UserInfo> list = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();     //这里只处理文件名包括“用户”的文件，模板使用下载模板   if( file.getOriginalFilename().contains("用户") ){    try {     Workbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(file.getInputStream());     Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);     for( int i = 1; i <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++ ){      Row row = sheet.getRow(i);      UserInfo info = new UserInfo();      info.setUserName(row.getCell(0).getStringCellValue());      info.setPassword(row.getCell(1).getStringCellValue());      list.add(info);     }    } catch (IOException e) {     e.printStackTrace();    }   }   ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("content");   mav.addObject("content",list.toString());   return mav;  }    /**   * Excel文件下载处理   */  @RequestMapping("/download")  public ModelAndView downloanExcel(){   List<UserInfo> list = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();   UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();   userInfo.setPassword("0000");   userInfo.setUserName("sdfas");   list.add(userInfo);   list.add(userInfo);   list.add(userInfo);   list.add(userInfo);   Map<String,List<UserInfo>> map = new HashMap<String, List<UserInfo>>();   map.put("infoList", list);   ExcelView ve = new ExcelView();   return new ModelAndView(ve,map);  }  }

（二）实体类

package com.research.spring.model;  public class UserInfo {   private String userName;    private String password;   public String getUserName() {   return userName;  }   public void setUserName(String userName) {   this.userName = userName;  }   public String getPassword() {   return password;  }   public void setPassword(String password) {   this.password = password;  }   @Override  public String toString() {   return "UserInfo [userName=" + userName + ", password=" + password     + "]";  }  }

（三）View类

这个类在下载时用到，在Spring渲染页面时使用自定义的View类进行Excel的相关处理。

package com.research.spring.view;  import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.URLEncoder; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map;  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;  import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet; import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.document.AbstractExcelView;  import com.research.spring.model.UserInfo;  /**  * 下载Excel视图  *  * @author wdmcygah  *  */ public class ExcelView extends AbstractExcelView {   @Override  protected void buildExcelDocument(Map<String, Object> model,    HSSFWorkbook workbook, HttpServletRequest request,    HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")   List<UserInfo> list = (List<UserInfo>) model.get("infoList");   if (list != null && list.size() != 0) {    int len = list.size();    Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();    // 第一行文字说明    Row row = sheet.createRow(0);    Cell cell = row.createCell(0, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);    cell.setCellValue("用户名");    cell = row.createCell(1, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);    cell.setCellValue("密码");     //下面是具体内容    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {     row = sheet.createRow(i + 1);     cell = row.createCell(0, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);     cell.setCellValue(list.get(i).getUserName());     cell = row.createCell(1, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);     cell.setCellValue(list.get(i).getPassword());    }   }    response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");   response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");   //这里对文件名进行编码，保证下载时汉字显示正常   String fileName = URLEncoder.encode("用户.xls", "utf-8");   //Content-disposition属性设置成以附件方式进行下载   response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename="     + fileName);   OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();   workbook.write(os);   os.flush();   os.close();  } }

（四）主要配置文件

上传文件时需要在配置文件中配置MultipartResolver类，配置后Spring会自动将文件传成MultipartFile对象，然后就可以进行相应的处理。示例看Controller类。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">   <context:component-scan base-package="com.research" />   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">   <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />   <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/" />   <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />  </bean>   <!-- 上传文件解析器配置 -->  <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">   <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>   <!-- 上传文件的大小限制 ，单位是字节-->   <property name="maxUploadSize" value="5242880000000"></property>   <!-- 上传文件的临时路径，上传完成后会自动删除 -->   <property name="uploadTempDir" value="upload/temp"></property>  </bean> </beans>

（五）测试页面

<html> <head>   <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> </head> <body> <h3>测试下载Excel功能</h3> <form action="file/download.htm" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">  <input type="submit" value="下载Excel"></input>  </form>  <h3>测试上传Excel功能</h3> <form action="file/upload.htm" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">  <input type="file" name="file"></input>  <input type="submit" value="上传Excel"></input>  </form> </body> </html>

如果想看完整源码，可以到我的Github仓库查看。其中，上传文件只处理符合下载模板的文件。若要处理其它文件需要自实现。代码测试通过无误。

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