SpringBoot使用自定义json解析器的使用方法

2024-07-13 10:17:34

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Spring-Boot是基于Spring框架的，它并不是对Spring框架的功能增强，而是对Spring的一种快速构建的方式。

Spring-boot应用程序提供了默认的json转换器，为Jackson。示例：

pom.xml中dependency配置：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>com.qinker</groupId>  <artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>  <packaging>war</packaging>  <parent>   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>   <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>  </parent>  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  <name>spring-boot</name>  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  <properties>   <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>   <java.version>9</java.version>  </properties>  <dependencies>   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web -->   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>   </dependency>   </dependencies>  <build>   <finalName>spring-boot</finalName>  </build> </project>

创建三个类：MainApp.java和User.java以及HelloController.java：

package com.springboot; import java.util.Date; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class HelloController {   @RequestMapping("/hello")  public String hello() {   return "hello,SpringBoot";  }    /**   * Spring boot 默认json解析框架是Jackson   * @return   */  @RequestMapping("/getUser")  public User getUser() {   User u = new User();   u.setName("张三");   u.setAge(33);   u.setCreateTime(new Date());   return u;  } }

package com.springboot; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Date; public class User implements Serializable{  private String name;   private int age;   private Date createTime;  public String getName() {   return name;  }   public void setName(String name) {   this.name = name;  }   public int getAge() {   return age;  }   public void setAge(int age) {   this.age = age;  }   public Date getCreateTime() {   return createTime;  }   public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {   this.createTime = createTime;  }  }

package com.springboot; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class MainApp{  public static void main(String[] args) {   SpringApplication.run(MainApp.class, args);  } }

启动MainApp：访问http://localhost:8080/getUser,结果如下：

{"name":"张三","age":33,"createTime":"2018-04-04T03:03:08.534+0000"}

可见：我们并未做任何配置，返回的却是json数据，可见Spring-Boot对json做了默认实现，使用的是内置Jackson转换器。

那么，下面看看如何使用自定义的json转换器，这里以fastjson为例：

首先，引入fastjson包，在pom中添加如下依赖：

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->   <dependency>    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>    <version>1.2.47</version>   </dependency>

为了方便看出效果：修改User类：

package com.springboot; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Date; import com.alibaba.fastjson.annotation.JSONField; @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class User implements Serializable{  private String name;   private int age;   @JSONField(format="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm")  private Date createTime;  public String getName() {   return name;  }   public void setName(String name) {   this.name = name;  }   public int getAge() {   return age;  }   public void setAge(int age) {   this.age = age;  }   public Date getCreateTime() {   return createTime;  }   public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {   this.createTime = createTime;  } }

1.实现fastjson自定义json转换的第一种方式，Spring-Boot实现WebMvcConventer接口：

修改MainApp如下：

package com.springboot; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer; import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature; import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.config.FastJsonConfig; import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter;  @SpringBootApplication public class MainApp implements WebMvcConfigurer{  @Override  public void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {   WebMvcConfigurer.super.configureMessageConverters(converters);   //创建fastjson转换器实例   FastJsonHttpMessageConverter converter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter();   //配置对象   FastJsonConfig config = new FastJsonConfig();   List<MediaType> mediaTypes = new ArrayList<>();   //中文编码   MediaType mediaType = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8;   mediaTypes.add(mediaType);   config.setSerializerFeatures(SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat);   converter.setSupportedMediaTypes(mediaTypes);   converter.setFastJsonConfig(config);   converters.add(converter);  }   public static void main(String[] args) {   SpringApplication.run(MainApp.class, args);  } }

启动程序：访问上面的路径：浏览器会看到如下结果：

{  "age":33,  "createTime":"2018-04-04 11:14",  "name":"张三" }

2.使用@Bean注解注入fastjson转换器：修改MainApp如下：

package com.springboot; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConverters; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature; import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.config.FastJsonConfig; import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter; @SpringBootApplication public class MainApp{  @Bean  public HttpMessageConverters fastJsonHttpMessageConventers() {   FastJsonHttpMessageConverter converter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter();   FastJsonConfig config = new FastJsonConfig();   config.setSerializerFeatures(SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat);   List<MediaType> mediaTypes = new ArrayList<>();   mediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);   converter.setSupportedMediaTypes(mediaTypes);   return new HttpMessageConverters(converter);  }   public static void main(String[] args) {   SpringApplication.run(MainApp.class, args);  } }

访问结果是一样的。

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