首页 > 开发 > Java > 正文

浅谈Springboot整合RocketMQ使用心得

2024-07-13 10:16:44
字体:
来源:转载
供稿:网友

一、阿里云官网---帮助文档

https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/29536.html?spm=5176.doc29535.6.555.WWTIUh

按照官网步骤,创建Topic、申请发布(生产者)、申请订阅(消费者)

二、代码

1、配置:

public class MqConfig {  /**   * 启动测试之前请替换如下 XXX 为您的配置   */  public static final String PUBLIC_TOPIC = "test";//公网测试  public static final String PUBLIC_PRODUCER_ID = "PID_SCHEDULER";  public static final String PUBLIC_CONSUMER_ID = "CID_SERVICE";  public static final String ACCESS_KEY = "123";  public static final String SECRET_KEY = "123";  public static final String TAG = "";  public static final String THREAD_NUM = "25";//消费端线程数  /**   * ONSADDR 请根据不同Region进行配置   * 公网测试: http://onsaddr-internet.aliyun.com/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internet   * 公有云生产: http://onsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal   * 杭州金融云: http://jbponsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal   * 深圳金融云: http://mq4finance-sz.addr.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal   */  public static final String ONSADDR = "http://onsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal";}

ONSADDR 阿里云用 公有云生产,测试用公网

不同的业务可以设置不同的tag,但是如果发送消息量大的话,建议新建TOPIC

2、生产者

方式1:

配置文件:producer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"><beans>  <bean id="producer" class="com.aliyun.openservices.ons.api.bean.ProducerBean"     init-method="start" destroy-method="shutdown">    <property name="properties">      <map>        <entry key="ProducerId" value="" /> <!-- PID,请替换 -->        <entry key="AccessKey" value="" /> <!-- ACCESS_KEY,请替换 -->        <entry key="SecretKey" value="" /> <!-- SECRET_KEY,请替换 -->        <!--PropertyKeyConst.ONSAddr 请根据不同Region进行配置         公网测试: http://onsaddr-internet.aliyun.com/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internet         公有云生产: http://onsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal         杭州金融云: http://jbponsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal         深圳金融云: http://mq4finance-sz.addr.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal -->        <entry key="ONSAddr" value="http://onsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal"/>      </map>    </property>  </bean></beans>

启动方式1,在使用类的全局里设置:

//初始化生产者  private ApplicationContext ctx;  private ProducerBean producer;  @Value("${producerConfig.enabled}")//开关,spring配置项,true为开启,false关闭  private boolean producerConfigEnabled;  @PostConstruct  public void init(){    if (true == producerConfigEnabled) {      ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("producer.xml");      producer = (ProducerBean) ctx.getBean("producer");    }  }

PS:最近发现一个坑,如果producer用上面这种方式启动的话,一旦启动的多了,会造成fullGC,所以可以换成下面这种注解方式启动,在用到的地方手动start、shutdown

方式2:配置类(不需要xml)

@Configurationpublic class ProducerBeanConfig {  @Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.producerId}")  private String producerId;  @Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.accessKey}")  private String accessKey;  @Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.secretKey}")  private String secretKey;  private ProducerBean producerBean;  @Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.ONSAddr}")  private String ONSAddr;  @Bean  public ProducerBean oneProducer() {    ProducerBean producerBean = new ProducerBean();    Properties properties = new Properties();    properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ProducerId, producerId);    properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.AccessKey, accessKey);    properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.SecretKey, secretKey);    properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ONSAddr, ONSAddr);    producerBean.setProperties(properties);    return producerBean;  }}

PS:经过这次双11发现,以上2种方式在大数据量,多线程情况下都不太适用, 性能很差,所以推荐用3

方式3:(不需要xml)

@Componentpublic class ProducerBeanSingleTon {  @Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.producerId}")  private String producerId;  @Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.accessKey}")  private String accessKey;  @Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.secretKey}")  private String secretKey;  @Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.ONSAddr}")  private String ONSAddr;  private static Producer producer;  private static class SingletonHolder {    private static final ProducerBeanSingleTon INSTANCE = new ProducerBeanSingleTon();  }  private ProducerBeanSingleTon (){}  public static final ProducerBeanSingleTon getInstance() {    return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE;  }  @PostConstruct  public void init(){    // producer 实例配置初始化    Properties properties = new Properties();    //您在控制台创建的Producer ID    properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ProducerId, producerId);    // AccessKey 阿里云身份验证,在阿里云服务器管理控制台创建    properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.AccessKey, accessKey);    // SecretKey 阿里云身份验证,在阿里云服务器管理控制台创建    properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.SecretKey, secretKey);    //设置发送超时时间,单位毫秒    properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.SendMsgTimeoutMillis, "3000");    // 设置 TCP 接入域名(此处以公共云生产环境为例)    properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ONSAddr, ONSAddr);    producer = ONSFactory.createProducer(properties);    // 在发送消息前,必须调用start方法来启动Producer,只需调用一次即可    producer.start();  }  public Producer getProducer(){    return producer;  }}

spring配置

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5DialectconsumerConfig.enabled = trueproducerConfig.enabled = true #方式1:scheduling.enabled = false#方式2、3:rocketMQ /u516C/u7F51/u914D/u7F6Eopenservices.ons.producerBean.producerId = pidopenservices.ons.producerBean.accessKey = openservices.ons.producerBean.secretKey = openservices.ons.producerBean.ONSAddr = 公网、杭州公有云生产

方式1投递消息代码:

 try {   String jsonC = JsonUtils.toJson(elevenMessage);   Message message = new Message(MqConfig.TOPIC, MqConfig.TAG, jsonC.getBytes());   SendResult sendResult = producer.send(message);   if (sendResult != null) {     logger.info(".Send mq message success!”;   } else {     logger.warn(".sendResult is null.........");   }   } catch (Exception e) {      logger.warn("DoubleElevenAllPreService");      Thread.sleep(1000);//如果有异常,休眠1秒   }

方式2投递消息代码:(可以每发1000个启动/关闭一次)

   producerBean.start();try {   String jsonC = JsonUtils.toJson(elevenMessage);   Message message = new Message(MqConfig.TOPIC, MqConfig.TAG, jsonC.getBytes());   SendResult sendResult = producer.send(message);   if (sendResult != null) {     logger.info(".Send mq message success!”;   } else {     logger.warn(".sendResult is null.........");   }   } catch (Exception e) {      logger.warn("DoubleElevenAllPreService");      Thread.sleep(1000);//如果有异常,休眠1秒   }   producerBean.shutdown();

方式3:投递消息

 try {   String jsonC = JsonUtils.toJson(elevenMessage);   Message message = new Message(MqConfig.TOPIC, MqConfig.TAG, jsonC.getBytes());   Producer producer = ProducerBeanSingleTon.getInstance().getProducer();   SendResult sendResult = producer.send(message);   if (sendResult != null) {     logger.info("DoubleElevenMidService.Send mq message success! Topic is:"”;   } else {     logger.warn("DoubleElevenMidService.sendResult is null.........");   }   } catch (Exception e) {     logger.error("DoubleElevenMidService Thread.sleep 1 s___error is "+e.getMessage(), e);     Thread.sleep(1000);//如果有异常,休眠1秒   }

发送消息的代码一定要捕获异常,不然会重复发送。

这里的TOPIC用自己创建的,elevenMessage是要发送的内容,我这里是自己建的对象

3、消费者

配置启动类:

@Configuration@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "consumerConfig.enabled", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)public class ConsumerConfig {  private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerAppenderType.smsdist.name());  @Bean  public Consumer consumerFactory(){//不同消费者 这里不能重名    Properties consumerProperties = new Properties();    consumerProperties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ConsumerId, MqConfig.CONSUMER_ID);    consumerProperties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.AccessKey, MqConfig.ACCESS_KEY);    consumerProperties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.SecretKey, MqConfig.SECRET_KEY);    //consumerProperties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ConsumeThreadNums,MqConfig.THREAD_NUM);    consumerProperties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ONSAddr, MqConfig.ONSADDR);    Consumer consumer = ONSFactory.createConsumer(consumerProperties);    consumer.subscribe(MqConfig.TOPIC, MqConfig.TAG, new DoubleElevenMessageListener());//new对应的监听器    consumer.start();    logger.info("ConsumerConfig start success.");        return consumer;  }}

CID和ONSADDR一点要选对,用自己的,消费者线程数等可以在这里配置

创建消息监听器类,消费消息:

@Componentpublic class MessageListener implements MessageListener {  private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger("remind");  protected static ElevenReposity elevenReposity;  @Resource  public void setElevenReposity(ElevenReposity elevenReposity){    MessageListener .elevenReposity=elevenReposity;  }  @Override  public Action consume(Message message, ConsumeContext consumeContext) {    if(message.getTopic().equals("自己的TOPIC")){//避免消费到其他消息 json转换报错      try {      byte[] body = message.getBody();      String res = new String(body);            //res 是生产者传过来的消息内容        //业务代码      }else{        logger.warn("!");      }      } catch (Exception e) {        logger.error("MessageListener.consume error:" + e.getMessage(), e);      }      logger.info("MessageListener.Receive message”);      //如果想测试消息重投的功能,可以将Action.CommitMessage 替换成Action.ReconsumeLater      return Action.CommitMessage;    }else{      logger.warn();      return Action.ReconsumeLater;    }  }

注意,由于消费者是多线程的,所以对象要用static+set注入,把对象的级别提升到进程,这样多个线程就可以共用,但是无法调用父类的方法和变量

Springboot整合RocketMQ,Springboot,RocketMQ

消费者状态可以查看消费者是否连接成功,消费是否延迟,消费速度等

重置消费位点可以清空所有消息

三、注意事项

1、发送的消息体 最大为256KB

2、消息最多存在3天

3、消费端默认线程数是20

4、如果运行过程中出现java挂掉或者cpu占用异常高,可以在发送消息的时候,每发送1000条让线程休息1s

5、本地测试或启动的时候,把ONSADDR换成公网,不然报错无法启动

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持VeVb武林网。


注:相关教程知识阅读请移步到JAVA教程频道。
发表评论 共有条评论
用户名: 密码:
验证码: 匿名发表