Spring框架依赖注入方法示例

<dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> spring-core</artifactid> <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> <exclusions>  <exclusion>   <groupid>commons-logging</groupid>   commons-logging</artifactid>  </exclusion> </exclusions></dependency><dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> spring-beans</artifactid> <version>${org.springframework-version}</version></dependency><dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> spring-aop</artifactid> <version>${org.springframework-version}</version></dependency><dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> spring-context</artifactid> <version>${org.springframework-version}</version></dependency><dependency> <groupid>commons-logging</groupid> commons-logging</artifactid> <version>1.2</version></dependency><!-- Junit --><dependency> <groupid>junit</groupid> junit</artifactid> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope></dependency>

<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><beans xmlns="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:p="https://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:util="https://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  https://www.springframework.org/schema/util https://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">  <!--   配置bean  id：标识容器中bean对象  class：bean的全类名，通过反射的方式在IOC容器中创建Bean，所以要求Bean类必须有无参构造器  --> <bean class="com.spring.test.HelloWorld" id="helloWorld">  <property name="name" value="crystal"></property> </bean>  <!-- 通过构造方法配置bean,可以指定参数的位置和类型，以区分重载的构造函数 --> <bean class="com.spring.test.Car" id="car">  <constructor-arg index="0" value="BENCHI"></constructor-arg>  <constructor-arg index="1" type="double" value="200000.0"></constructor-arg> </bean> <bean class="com.spring.test.Car" id="car1">  <!-- 如果字面值包含特殊字符，使用<![CDATA[]]>包裹起来   属性值可以使用value子节点来配置   -->  <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String">   <value><!--[CDATA[<shanghai-->]]></value>  </constructor-arg>  <constructor-arg index="1" type="int" value="200"></constructor-arg> </bean>  <bean class="com.spring.test.Person" id="person">  <property name="name" value="Crystal"></property>  <property name="age" value="20"></property>  <!-- 可以使用ref建立引用之间的关系 -->  <!--   <property name="car" ref="car"></property>   -->  <!--    <property name="car">    <ref bean="car2"/>   </property>   -->   <!--    <property name="car">   <bean class="com.spring.test.Car">    <constructor-arg value="changanFute"></constructor-arg>    <constructor-arg value="3000000"></constructor-arg>    <constructor-arg value="240"></constructor-arg>   </bean>   </property>    -->   <!-- 测试赋值null -->   <!-- <property name="car"><null/></property> -->   <property name="car" ref="car1"></property>   <!-- 为级联属性赋值，注意：属性需要先初始化后才能为级联属性赋值，和structs2不同 -->   <property name="car.price" value="400000"></property> </bean>  <!-- 测试配置集合属性 --> <bean class="com.spring.test.collections.Person" id="person3">  <property name="name" value="barry"></property>  <property name="age" value="21"></property>  <property name="cars">   <list>    <ref bean="car">    <ref bean="car1">    <bean class="com.spring.test.Car">     <constructor-arg value="changanFute"></constructor-arg>     <constructor-arg value="3000000"></constructor-arg>     <constructor-arg value="240"></constructor-arg>    </bean>   </ref></ref></list>  </property> </bean>  <!-- 配置Map的属性值 --> <bean class="com.spring.test.collections.NewPerson" id="newPerson">  <property name="name" value="lina"></property>  <property name="age" value="22"></property>  <property name="cars">   <!-- 使用map节点及map的entry子节点配置Map类型的成员变量 --><map>    <entry key="AA" value-ref="car"></entry>    <entry key="BB" value-ref="car1"></entry></map>  </property> </bean>   <!-- 配置Properties属性值 --> <bean class="com.spring.test.collections.DataSource" id="dataSource">  <property name="properties">   <!-- 使用props和prop子节点来为Properties属性赋值 -->   <props>    <prop key="user">root</prop>    <prop key="password">1234</prop>    <prop key="jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql://test</prop>    <prop key="jdbcDriver">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop>   </props>  </property> </bean>  <!-- 配置单例的集合bean，以供多个bean进行引用，需要导入util命名空间 --> <util:list id="cars">  <ref bean="car">  <ref bean="car1"> </ref></ref></util:list>  <bean class="com.spring.test.collections.Person" id="person4">  <property name="name" value="Jackie"></property>  <property name="age" value="30"></property>  <property name="cars" ref="cars"></property> </bean>  <!-- 通过p命名空间为bean的属性赋值，需要先导入p命名空间，相对于传统配置方式更为简洁 --> <bean class="com.spring.test.collections.Person" id="person5" p:age="32" p:cars-ref="cars" p:name="Queue"></bean></beans>

package com.spring.test;public class Car {	private String name;	private int maxSpeed;	private double price;	public Car() {	}	public Car(String name, double price) {		this.name = name;		this.price = price;	}	public Car(String name, int maxSpeed) {		this.name = name;		this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;	}	public Car(String name, double price, int maxSpeed) {		this.name = name;		this.price = price;		this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;	}	public void setPrice(double price) {		this.price = price;	}	@Override	 public String toString() {		return "Car [name:" + name + ", price:" + price + ", maxSpeed:" + maxSpeed + "]";	}}

package com.spring.test;public class HelloWorld {	private String name;	public HelloWorld() {		System.out.println("HelloWorld constructor...");	}	public String getName() {		return name;	}	public void setName(String name) {		System.out.println("setName:" + name);		this.name = name;	}	@Override	 public String toString() {		return "hello," + name;	}}

package com.spring.test;public class Person {	private String name;	private int age;	private Car car;	public String getName() {		return name;	}	public void setName(String name) {		this.name = name;	}	public int getAge() {		return age;	}	public void setAge(int age) {		this.age = age;	}	public Car getCar() {		return car;	}	public void setCar(Car car) {		this.car = car;	}	@Override	 public String toString() {		return "Person: [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", car=" + car + "]";	}}

package com.spring.test;import org.junit.Test;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class Main {	public static void main(String[] args) {		HelloWorld hello = new HelloWorld();		hello.setName("barry");		System.out.println("print:"+ hello + "/n");		// 装入 Spring 配置文件		/**   * 装入 Spring 配置文件   * ApplicationContext是IOC容器，它有两个主要实现类（ClassPathXmlApplicationContext和FileSystemXmlApplicationContext）   * ApplicationContext在初始化上下文时就实例化所有单例的Bean   */		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");		//HelloWorld hello1 = (HelloWorld) context.getBean("helloWorld"); // 通过id获取bean对象		HelloWorld hello1 = context.getBean(HelloWorld.class);		// 通过类型获取bean对象（要求在IOC容器里该类型的对象只能有一个）		System.out.println(hello1);	}	@Test	 public void testContructor() {		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");		Car car = (Car) context.getBean("car");		// 通过类型获取bean对象（要求在IOC容器里该类型的对象只能有一个）		Car car1 = (Car) context.getBean("car1");		System.out.println(car);		System.out.println(car1);		Person person = (Person) context.getBean("person");		System.out.println(person);	}}

package com.spring.test.collections;import java.util.Map;import com.spring.test.Car;public class NewPerson {	private String name;	private int age;	private Map<string, car=""> cars;	public String getName() {		return name;	}	public void setName(String name) {		this.name = name;	}	public int getAge() {		return age;	}	public void setAge(int age) {		this.age = age;	}	public Map<string, car=""> getCars() {		return cars;	}	public void setCars(Map<string, car=""> cars) {		this.cars = cars;	}	@Override	 public String toString() {		return "Person: [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", cars=" + cars + "]";	}}

package com.spring.test.collections;import java.util.List;import com.spring.test.Car;public class Person {	private String name;	private int age;	private List<car> cars;	public String getName() {		return name;	}	public void setName(String name) {		this.name = name;	}	public int getAge() {		return age;	}	public void setAge(int age) {		this.age = age;	}	public List<car> getCars() {		return cars;	}	public void setCars(List<car> cars) {		this.cars = cars;	}	@Override	 public String toString() {		return "Person: [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", cars=" + cars + "]";	}}

package com.spring.test.collections;import java.util.Properties;public class DataSource {	private Properties properties;	public Properties getProperties() {		return properties;	}	public void setProperties(Properties properties) {		this.properties = properties;	}	@Override	 public String toString() {		return "DataSource: [properties:" + properties + "]";	}}

package com.spring.test.collections;import org.junit.Test;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class Main {	@Test	 public void testCollections() {		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");		Person person = (Person) context.getBean("person3");		System.out.println(person);		NewPerson newPerson = (NewPerson) context.getBean("newPerson");		System.out.println(newPerson);		DataSource dataSource = (DataSource) context.getBean("dataSource");		System.out.println(dataSource);		Person person4 = (Person) context.getBean("person4");		System.out.println(person4);		Person person5 = (Person) context.getBean("person5");		System.out.println(person5);	}}