Spring之WEB模块配置详解

2024-07-13 10:13:19

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Spring的WEB模块用于整合Web框架，例如Struts1、Struts2、JSF等

整合Struts1

继承方式

Spring框架提供了ActionSupport类支持Struts1的Action。继承了ActionSupport后就能获取Spring的BeanFactory，从而获得各种Spring容器内的各种资源

import org.springframework.web.struts.ActionSupport;   public class CatAction extends ActionSupport{    public ICatService getCarService(){        return (ICatService) getWebApplicationContext().getBean("catService");    }    public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){        CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;        if("list".equals(catForm.getAction())){           returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response);        }    }      public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){        CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;        ICatService catService =getCatService();        List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats();        request.setAttribute("carList",catList);          return mapping.find("list");    } }

Spring在web.xml中的配置

<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置-->    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param>   <listener><!-- 使用Listener加载Spring配置文件-->    <listener-class>        org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener    </listener-class> </listener>   <filter><!-- 使用Spring自带的字符过滤器-->    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>    <init-param>        <param-name>encoding</param-name>        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>        <param-value>true</param-value>    </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping>    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>

如果与Hibernate结合使用，需要在web.xml中添加OpenSessionInViewFilter过滤器，将session范围扩大到JSP层，防止抛出延迟加载异常

<filter>    <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support. OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping>    <filter-name> hibernateFilter</filter-name>    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern><!-- 对Struts 1的Action启用--> </filter-mapping>

代理方式

继承方式融入Spring非常简单，但是缺点是代码与Spring发生了耦合，并且Action并没有交给Spring管理，因此不能使用Spring的AOP、IoC特性，使用代理方式则可以避免这些缺陷

public class CatAction extends Action{ //此处继承的Struts 1的Action    private ICatService catService；    //setter、getter略      public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){        CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;        if("list".equals(catForm.getAction())){           returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response);        }    }      public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){        CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;        ICatService catService =getCatService();        List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats();        request.setAttribute("carList",catList);          return mapping.find("list");    } }

这个Action没有与Spring发生耦合，只是定义了一个ICatService属性，然后由Spring负责注入

struts-congfig.xml配置

<form-beans>    <form-bean name="catForm" type="com.clf.spring.CatForm"> </form-beans>   <action-mappings>    <action name=" catForm" path="/cat" type="com.clf.spring.CatAction">        <forward name="list" path="/jsp/listCat.jsp"></forward>    </action> </action-mappings>   <!-- 最核心的配置，该配置把Struts的Action交给Spring代理--> <controller processorClass="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor" />   <!-- controller配置生效后，Action的type属性就是去作用了，Struts不会用type属性指定的类来创建CatAction，而是到Spring配置中寻找，因此Spring中必须配置CatAction --> <!-- Spring中配置Action使用的是name属性而不是id，Spring会截获"/cat.do"的请求，将catService通过setter方法注入到CatAction中，并调用execute()方法--> <bean name="/cat" class=" com.clf.spring.CatAction">    <property name="catService" ref="catService" /> </bean>

web.xml的配置与上面的继承方式相同

使用代理方式的Action可以配置拦截器等Spring特性，例如给CatAction配置方法前拦截器和返回后拦截器

<bean id="catBeforeInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor">    <property name="advice">        <bean class="com.clf.spring.MethodBeforeInterceptor" />    </property>    <property name="mappedName" value="*"></property> </bean>   <bean id="catAfterInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor">    <property name="advice">        <bean class="com.clf.spring.MethodAfterInterceptor" />    </property>    <property name="mappedName" value="*"></property> </bean>   <bean name="/cat" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">    <property name="interceptorNames">        <list>           <value> catBeforeInterceptor</value>           <value> catAfterInterceptor</value>        </list>    </property>    <property name="target">        <bean class="com.clf.spring.CatAction">           <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property>        </bean>    </property> </bean>

整合Struts 2

Spring整合Struts 2需要struts2-spring-2.011.jar包

public class CatAction{    private ICatService catService;    private Cat cat;    //setter、getter略      public String list(){        catService.listCats();        return ＂list＂;    }        public String add(){        catService.createCat(cat);        return list();    } }

struts.xml配置

除了正常的配置之外，还需要<contstant/>添加名为struts.objectFactory的常量，把值设为spring，表示该Action由Spring产生。然后把<action/>的class属性改为catAction，Struts2将会到Spring中寻找名为catAction的bean

<constant name=" struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />   <packagenamepackagename="cat" extends="struts-default"> <action name="*_cat" method="{1}" class="catAction">    <param name="action" >{1}</param>    <result>/list.jsp</result>    <result name="list">/list.jsp</result> </action> </package>

Spring配置

<bean id="catAction" scope="prototype" class="com.clf.spring.CatAction">    <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property> </bean>

web.xml配置

<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置-->    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param>   <listener><!-- 使用Listener加载Spring配置文件-->    <listener-class>        org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener    </listener-class> </listener>   <filter>    <filter-name>Struts2</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping>    <filter-name> Struts2</filter-name>    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>

总结

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