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Java使用代理进行网络连接方法示例

2024-07-13 10:12:07
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需求是这样的:

一、界面上要有这样几种代理类型可以选。

1.HTTP代理

2.Socks代理

3.不使用代理(直连)

4.使用浏览器设置(浏览器也是HTTP、Socks、直连三种)。

可参考QQ登录设置里的代理能,其实跟qq的代理功能是一样的。

二、测试使用所填写的代理配置信息是否可连接

三、记录用户上次选择的代理配置,默认使用用户上次使用的代理配置进行网络连接。

程序运行环境是WindowsXP、Windows7、Windows8系统。

使用的技术为Java7,Swing,CXF。

难点:

1.如何进行全居的代理设置:

/** * 网络代理Bean *  * @author tang */public class NetworkBean implements Serializable {  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  // private static sun.misc.BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();  private Proxy.Type type;// 代理类型  private String address;// ip 地址  private String port;// 端口号  private String username;// 代理服务器用户名  private String password;// 代理服务器用户密码  private String domain;// 域  private String typeText;// 代理类型显示的文本  public NetworkBean() {  }  public NetworkBean(Type type, String address, String port, String username, String password) {    this.type = type;    this.address = address;    this.port = port;    this.username = username;    this.password = password;  }  public NetworkBean(Type type, String address, String port, String username, String password, String domain) {    super();    this.type = type;    this.address = address;    this.port = port;    this.username = username;    this.password = password;    this.domain = domain;  }  public Proxy.Type getType() {    return type;  }  public void setType(Proxy.Type type) {    this.type = type;  }  public String getAddress() {    return address;  }  public void setAddress(String address) {    this.address = address;  }  public String getPort() {    return port;  }  public void setPort(String port) {    this.port = port;  }  public String getUsername() {    return username;  }  public void setUsername(String username) {    this.username = username;  }  public String getPassword() {    return password;  }  public void setPassword(String password) {    this.password = password;  }  public String getDomain() {    return domain;  }  public void setDomain(String domain) {    this.domain = domain;  }  public String getTypeText() {    return typeText;  }  public void setTypeText(String typeText) {    this.typeText = typeText;  }  /**   * return domain + "/" + username   */  public String getDomainAndUsername() {    return (Utils.toString(domain).trim().isEmpty()) ? username : domain.trim() + "//" + username;  }  /**   * return domain + "/" + username + ":" + password   */  public String getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword() {    return getDomainAndUsername() + ":" + password;  }  /**   * return username + ":" + password   */  public String getUsernameAndPassword() {    return username + ":" + password;  }  /**   * return (domain + "/" + username + ":" + password) to 64 bit   */  public String getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword64() {    return org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64.encodeBase64String(getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword().getBytes());  }  @Override  public String toString() {    return "NetworkBean [type=" + type + ", typeText=" + typeText + ", address=" + address + ", port=" + port + ", username=" + username + ", password="        + password + ", domain=" + domain + "]";  }}
/**   * 根据指定的代理信息设置系统全局的网络代理   *    * @param networkBean   */  public static void setNetworkProxyBySystem(NetworkBean networkBean) {    System.out.println("System Set Proxy : " + networkBean);    if (isUserProxy(networkBean)) {      if (networkBean.getType() == Proxy.Type.SOCKS) {        System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyHost");        System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyPort");        System.getProperties().setProperty("socksProxyHost", networkBean.getAddress());        System.getProperties().setProperty("socksProxyPort", networkBean.getPort());      } else {        System.getProperties().setProperty("http.proxyHost", networkBean.getAddress());        System.getProperties().setProperty("http.proxyPort", networkBean.getPort());      }      Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));    } else if (networkBean != null) {      System.getProperties().remove("proxySet");      System.getProperties().remove("socksProxySet");      System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyHost");      System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyPort");      System.getProperties().remove("socksProxyHost");      System.getProperties().remove("socksProxyPort");    }  }  /**   * 网络用户名密码校验提供者   */  public static class BairuiAuthenticator extends Authenticator {    private String username, password;    public BairuiAuthenticator(String username, String password) {      this.username = username;      this.password = password;    }    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {      return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password == null ? null : password.toCharArray());    }  }

2.如何让CXF的Service使用系统的代理:

 /**   * 为WebService接口添加网络代理支持:httpClientPolicy.setAllowChunking(false);   *    * @param client   */  public static void setWebServiceSupportProxy(Client client) {    HTTPConduit conduit = (HTTPConduit) client.getConduit();    HTTPClientPolicy httpClientPolicy = new HTTPClientPolicy();    httpClientPolicy.setAllowChunking(false);    conduit.setClient(httpClientPolicy);  }

3.使用浏览器设置:

/**   * 读取用户注册表获取浏览器的代理设置   *    * @return 该方法不会返回null值也不会抛出异常   */  public static NetworkBean getBrowserProxy() {    NetworkBean networkBean = new NetworkBean();    networkBean.setTypeText(typeTexts[3]);    networkBean.setType(Proxy.Type.DIRECT);    String key = "reg query /"HKEY_CURRENT_USER//Software//Microsoft//Windows//CurrentVersion//Internet Settings/"";// 注册表浏览器代理key    try {      Process exec = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(key);      try (InputStreamReader i = new InputStreamReader(exec.getInputStream()); BufferedReader ir = new BufferedReader(i)) {        for (String line = ir.readLine(); line != null; line = ir.readLine()) {          if (line.indexOf("ProxyServer") >= 0) {            String[] split1 = line.split("  ");            if (split1.length > 3) {              String[] split2 = split1[3].trim().split(":");              if (split2.length > 1) {                if (!Utils.toString(split2[0]).isEmpty() && !Utils.toString(split2[1]).isEmpty()) {                  networkBean.setAddress(split2[0]);                  networkBean.setPort(split2[1]);                  networkBean.setType(Proxy.Type.HTTP);                  break;                }              }            }          }        }      } catch (Exception e) {        e.printStackTrace();      }    } catch (Exception e) {// 从注册表读取失败      e.printStackTrace();    }    return networkBean;  }

4.测试代理是否可用

因为程序中使用了服务器的两个不同的端口,所以需要测试两个端口是否都可连。

如果使用了多台服务器,更加需要分别测试了。

 /**   * 测试网络代理是否能通过连接,如果不通过抛出异常   *    * @throws Exception   */  private static void testNetworkProxy() throws Exception {    testWebService();    testURLConnection();  }  /**   * 测试CXF Service接口50367端口   *    * @param networkBean   * @throws Exception   */  public static void testWebService() throws Exception {    JcptLoginService service = WebServiceUtils.getService(JcptLoginService.class, GeneralWebServiceAddress.LOGIN_SERVICE_URL_ADD);    String result = service.getLoginPicture();    System.out.println(result);  }  /**   * 从HttpURLConnection对象读取指定字符,如果不匹配则抛出异常   *    * @param connection   * @throws Exception   */  private static void checkConnectionContent(HttpURLConnection connection) throws Exception {    try (InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream()) {      byte[] b = new byte[1024];      boolean success = false;      StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();      for (int i = inputStream.read(b); i > 0; i = inputStream.read(b)) {        String tempStr = new String(b, 0, i);        sb.append(tempStr);        if (tempStr.indexOf("3,file not found") >= 0) {// service固定返回这个字符串,如果service作了更改此处也应更改          success = true;          break;        }      }      if (!success) {        String str = sb.toString();        if (str.length() > 3) {          char char0 = str.charAt(0);          char char1 = str.charAt(1);          if (Utils.isNumber(char0 + "") && char1 == ',') {            success = true;          }        }      }      if (!success) {        throw new RuntimeException("result content does not meet expectations.");      }    } catch (Exception ex) {      throw ex;    }  }  /**   * 测试文件下载接口9067端口   *    * @param networkBean   * @throws Exception   */  public static void testURLConnection() throws Exception {    HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(GeneralWebServiceAddress.FILE_DOWN_URL_ADD + "path=").openConnection();    checkConnectionContent(connection);  }
 /**   * 测试代理服务器连接   */  private void testProxyConnection() {    NetworkBean readNetworkBean = NetworkProxyTool.readNetworkBean();// 先获得正在使用的NetworkBean    try {      NetworkBean networkBean = createNetworkBean();// 根据用户填写的信息创建的NetworkBean对象      showTestResultDialog(NetworkProxyTool.testNetworkProxyBySystem(networkBean));    } catch (Exception ex) {      showTestResultDialog(false);    }    NetworkProxyTool.setNetworkProxyBySystem(readNetworkBean);// 测试结束,还原原来的NetworkBean  }

5.因为java连接网络时,如果使用当前的代理连接失败,那么就会使用操作系统中缓存的代理进行网络连接,如何是测试连接时不使用操作系统缓存,但测试结束后使用操作系统缓存。

 /**   * 设置长连接和验证信息缓存是否开启   *    * @param keepAlive   */  public static void setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(boolean keepAlive) {    System.setProperty("http.keepAlive", keepAlive + "");// 设置是否开始长连接,如果为false可以防止连接被缓存(如果连接被缓存,用户名密码等所有信息都会被缓存)    if (keepAlive) {      AuthCacheValue.setAuthCache(new AuthCacheImpl());    } else {      // 设置一个空的实现AuthCache可以防止用户名密码信息被缓存      AuthCacheValue.setAuthCache(new AuthCache() {        public void remove(String pkey, AuthCacheValue entry) {        }        public void put(String pkey, AuthCacheValue value) {        }        public AuthCacheValue get(String pkey, String skey) {          return null;        }      });    }  }

在登录之前:

  NetworkProxyTool.setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(false);  new.Login();

登录成功后:

 NetworkProxyTool.setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(true);

6.保存用户的代理配置:

因为直接序列化自定义类型的对象,会存在版本问题(比如这个类的包名、类名改了,就死定了)。
所以不能直接序列化自定义类的对象,二是将自定义类对象的属性转成字典(Map),然后序列化map。

/**   * 读取本地网络代理设置配置文件   *    * @return   */  public static NetworkBean readNetworkBean() {    NetworkBean networkBean = getCurrNetworkBean(readNetworkBeanMap());    if (networkBean == null) {      networkBean = new NetworkBean();      networkBean.setType(Proxy.Type.DIRECT);    }    return networkBean;  }  /**   * 获取用户上次选择网络代理设置   *    * @param map   * @return   */  public static NetworkBean getCurrNetworkBean(Map<String, Object> map) {    putBrowserProxy(map);    return (NetworkBean) map.get(getTypeMapKey(map));  }  /**   * 将浏览器的信息存放入代理信息总配置map   *    * @param map   */  private static void putBrowserProxy(Map<String, Object> map) {    if (browserProxyBean == null) {      browserProxyBean = getBrowserProxy();    }    NetworkBean networkBeanBrowser = (NetworkBean) map.get(key_browser);    if (networkBeanBrowser == null) {      networkBeanBrowser = browserProxyBean;    }    if ((Utils.toString(browserProxyBean.getAddress()).isEmpty() || !browserProxyBean.getAddress().equals(networkBeanBrowser.getAddress()))        || (Utils.toString(browserProxyBean.getPort()).isEmpty() || !browserProxyBean.getPort().equals(networkBeanBrowser.getPort()))) {      networkBeanBrowser.setUsername(null);      networkBeanBrowser.setPassword(null);      networkBeanBrowser.setDomain(null);    }    networkBeanBrowser.setType(browserProxyBean.getType());    networkBeanBrowser.setTypeText(browserProxyBean.getTypeText());    networkBeanBrowser.setAddress(browserProxyBean.getAddress());    networkBeanBrowser.setPort(browserProxyBean.getPort());    map.put(key_browser, networkBeanBrowser);  }

在登录之前:

  NetworkBean networkBean = NetworkProxyTool.readNetworkBean();  NetworkProxyTool.setNetworkProxyBySystem(networkBean);  NetworkProxyTool.setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(false);  new.Login();

在用户配置完代理点击确定时:

 /**   * 点击确定   */  private void confirm() {    if ((isHttp() || isSocks()) && !checkIpAndPortNotNull()) {      return;    }    NetworkBean networkBean = createNetworkBean();    if (isHttp()) {// HTTP代理      if (networkBean.getDomain() != null) {        networkBean.setDomain(networkBean.getDomain().trim());      }      proxySettingMap.put(key_http, networkBean);      proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_http);    } else if (isSocks()) {// SOCKS代理      proxySettingMap.put(key_socks, networkBean);      proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_socks);    } else if (isBrowser()) {      proxySettingMap.put(key_browser, networkBean);      proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_browser);    } else {      proxySettingMap.put(key_direct, networkBean);      proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_direct);    }    userCurrShowNetworkBean = networkBean;    isConfirm = true;    setVisible(false);    NetworkProxyTool.saveNetworkProxyConfig(proxySettingMap);  }

System Properties

Java System Properties网络设置有哪些key

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/net/properties.html

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/net/doc-files/net-properties.html

Java System Properties优先级说明

host和port比set优先级高,也就是说set可以不用去设置。

如存在http.proxyHost和http.proxyPort时,proxySet设为false无效,系统仍然可以使用http代理。

存在socksProxyHost和socksProxyPort时,socksProxySet设为false无效,系统仍然可以使用socks代理。

http比socks优先级高,即存在http.proxyHost和http.proxyPort时,socksProxySet、socksProxyHost、socksProxyPort都会失效,系统会使用http代理。

使用java.net.Proxy

如果只是单个的连接需要使用代理,那么可以采用Proxy类进行代理连接。

说明:

1.Socket只能使用socks代理不能使用http代理。

2.Socket使用使用Authenticator来进行验证。

3.URLConnection 使用RequestProperty是只对当前连接有效,不会缓存,Authenticator是全局性的,对所有网络请求都有效,会缓存,但RequestProperty的优先级比Authenticator高。

4.只有RequestProperty需要64位编码,Authenticator不需要。

5.需要清除验证缓存的,不使用验证缓存上面已经有代码了,这里就不重复写了。

6.其实,建议采用全局性的代理连接,不管是URLConnection 还是Socket 都简单方便、统一。

代码:

NetworkBean httpBean = new NetworkBean(Proxy.Type.HTTP, "192.168.77.5", "8888", "tzc", "123", null);Proxy httpProxy = new Proxy(httpBean.getType(), new InetSocketAddress(httpBean.getAddress(), Integer.parseInt(httpBean.getPort())));NetworkBean socksBean = new NetworkBean(Proxy.Type.SOCKS, "192.168.77.5", "9999", "tzc", "123", "ttt");Proxy socksProxy = new Proxy(socksBean.getType(), new InetSocketAddress(socksBean.getAddress(), Integer.parseInt(socksBean.getPort())));URLConnection httpProxyConnection = new URL("http://www.baidu.com/").openConnection(httpProxy);//或者Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));httpProxyConnection.setRequestProperty("Proxy-Authorization", "Basic "+httpBean.getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword64());URLConnection socksProxyConnection = new URL("http://www.baidu.com/").openConnection(socksProxy);//或者Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));socksProxyConnection.setRequestProperty("Proxy-Authorization", "Basic "+httpBean.getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword64());Socket socket = new Socket(socksProxy);Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress("www.baidu.com", 5555));

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