Jackson可以轻松的将Java对象转换成json对象和xml文档，同样也可以将json、xml转换成Java对象。
相比json-lib框架，Jackson所依赖的jar包较少，简单易用并且性能也要相对高些。而且Jackson社区相对比较活跃，更新速度也比较快。
一、准备工作
1、 下载依赖库jar包
Jackson的jar all下载地址：http://jackson.codehaus.org/1.7.6/jackson-all-1.7.6.jar
然后在工程中导入这个jar包即可开始工作
官方示例：http://wiki.fasterxml.com/JacksonInFiveMinutes
因为下面的程序是用junit测试用例运行的，所以还得添加junit的jar包。版本是junit-4.2.8
如果你需要转换xml，那么还需要stax2-api.jar
2、 测试类基本代码如下
package com.hoo.test; import java.io.IOException;import java.io.StringWriter;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.LinkedHashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Set;import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonEncoding;import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerationException;import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerator;import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonParseException;import org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonMappingException;import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;import org.codehaus.jackson.node.JsonNodeFactory;import org.codehaus.jackson.xml.XmlMapper;import org.junit.After;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import com.hoo.entity.AccountBean; /** * <b>function:</b>Jackson 将java对象转换成JSON字符串，也可以将JSON字符串转换成java对象 * jar-lib-version: jackson-all-1.6.2 * jettison-1.0.1 * @author hoojo * @file JacksonTest.java * @package com.hoo.test * @project Spring3 * @version 1.0 */@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public class JacksonTest { private JsonGenerator jsonGenerator = null; private ObjectMapper objectMapper = null; private AccountBean bean = null; @Before public void init() { bean = new AccountBean(); bean.setAddress("china-Guangzhou"); bean.setEmail("hoojo_@126.com"); bean.setId(1); bean.setName("hoojo"); objectMapper = new ObjectMapper(); try { jsonGenerator = objectMapper.getJsonFactory().createJsonGenerator(System.out, JsonEncoding.UTF8); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @After public void destory() { try { if (jsonGenerator != null) { jsonGenerator.flush(); } if (!jsonGenerator.isClosed()) { jsonGenerator.close(); } jsonGenerator = null; objectMapper = null; bean = null; System.gc(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }}3、 所需要的JavaEntity
package com.hoo.entity; public class AccountBean { private int id; private String name; private String email; private String address; private Birthday birthday; //getter、setter @Override public String toString() { return this.name + "#" + this.id + "#" + this.address + "#" + this.birthday + "#" + this.email; }}Birthday
package com.hoo.entity; public class Birthday { private String birthday; public Birthday(String birthday) { super(); this.birthday = birthday; } //getter、setter public Birthday() {} @Override public String toString() { return this.birthday; }}二、Java对象转换成JSON
1、 JavaBean(Entity/Model)转换成JSON
/** * function:将java对象转换成json字符串 * @author hoojo */@Testpublic void writeEntityJSON() { try { System.out.println("jsonGenerator"); //writeObject可以转换java对象，eg:JavaBean/Map/List/Array等 jsonGenerator.writeObject(bean); System.out.println(); System.out.println("ObjectMapper"); //writeValue具有和writeObject相同的功能 objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, bean); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}运行后结果如下：
jsonGenerator{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}ObjectMapper{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":hoojo_@126.com}上面分别利用JsonGenerator的writeObject方法和ObjectMapper的writeValue方法完成对Java对象的转换，二者传递的参数及构造的方式不同；JsonGenerator的创建依赖于ObjectMapper对象。也就是说如果你要使用JsonGenerator来转换JSON，那么你必须创建一个ObjectMapper。但是你用ObjectMapper来转换JSON，则不需要JSONGenerator。
objectMapper的writeValue方法可以将一个Java对象转换成JSON。这个方法的参数一，需要提供一个输出流，转换后可以通过这个流来输出转换后的内容。或是提供一个File，将转换后的内容写入到File中。当然，这个参数也可以接收一个JSONGenerator，然后通过JSONGenerator来输出转换后的信息。第二个参数是将要被转换的Java对象。如果用三个参数的方法，那么是一个Config。这个config可以提供一些转换时的规则，过指定的Java对象的某些属性进行过滤或转换等。
2、 将Map集合转换成Json字符串
/** * <b>function:</b>将map转换成json字符串 * @author hoojo */@Testpublic void writeMapJSON() { try { Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map.put("name", bean.getName()); map.put("account", bean); bean = new AccountBean(); bean.setAddress("china-Beijin"); bean.setEmail("hoojo@qq.com"); map.put("account2", bean); System.out.println("jsonGenerator"); jsonGenerator.writeObject(map); System.out.println(""); System.out.println("objectMapper"); objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, map); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}转换后结果如下：
jsonGenerator{"account2":{"address":"china-Beijin","name":null,"id":0,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo@qq.com"},"name":"hoojo","account":{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}}objectMapper{"account2":{"address":"china-Beijin","name":null,"id":0,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo@qq.com"},"name":"hoojo","account":{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":hoojo_@126.com}}3、 将List集合转换成json
/** * <b>function:</b>将list集合转换成json字符串 * @author hoojo */@Testpublic void writeListJSON() { try { List<AccountBean> list = new ArrayList<AccountBean>(); list.add(bean); bean = new AccountBean(); bean.setId(2); bean.setAddress("address2"); bean.setEmail("email2"); bean.setName("haha2"); list.add(bean); System.out.println("jsonGenerator"); //list转换成JSON字符串 jsonGenerator.writeObject(list); System.out.println(); System.out.println("ObjectMapper"); //用objectMapper直接返回list转换成的JSON字符串 System.out.println("1###" + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(list)); System.out.print("2###"); //objectMapper list转换成JSON字符串 objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, list); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}结果如下：
jsonGenerator[{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"},{"address":"address2","name":"haha2","id":2,"birthday":null,"email":"email2"}]ObjectMapper1###[{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"},{"address":"address2","name":"haha2","id":2,"birthday":null,"email":"email2"}]2###[{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"},{"address":"address2","name":"haha2","id":2,"birthday":null,"email":"email2"}]外面就是多了个[]中括号；同样Array也可以转换，转换的JSON和上面的结果是一样的，这里就不再转换了。~.~
4、下面来看看jackson提供的一些类型，用这些类型完成json转换；如果你使用这些类型转换JSON的话，那么你即使没有JavaBean(Entity)也可以完成复杂的Java类型的JSON转换。下面用到这些类型构建一个复杂的Java对象，并完成JSON转换。
@Testpublic void writeOthersJSON() { try { String[] arr = { "a", "b", "c" }; System.out.println("jsonGenerator"); String str = "hello world jackson!"; //byte jsonGenerator.writeBinary(str.getBytes()); //boolean jsonGenerator.writeBoolean(true); //null jsonGenerator.writeNull(); //float jsonGenerator.writeNumber(2.2f); //char jsonGenerator.writeRaw("c"); //String jsonGenerator.writeRaw(str, 5, 10); //String jsonGenerator.writeRawValue(str, 5, 5); //String jsonGenerator.writeString(str); jsonGenerator.writeTree(JsonNodeFactory.instance.POJONode(str)); System.out.println(); //Object jsonGenerator.writeStartObject();//{ jsonGenerator.writeObjectFieldStart("user");//user:{ jsonGenerator.writeStringField("name", "jackson");//name:jackson jsonGenerator.writeBooleanField("sex", true);//sex:true jsonGenerator.writeNumberField("age", 22);//age:22 jsonGenerator.writeEndObject();//} jsonGenerator.writeArrayFieldStart("infos");//infos:[ jsonGenerator.writeNumber(22);//22 jsonGenerator.writeString("this is array");//this is array jsonGenerator.writeEndArray();//] jsonGenerator.writeEndObject();//} AccountBean bean = new AccountBean(); bean.setAddress("address"); bean.setEmail("email"); bean.setId(1); bean.setName("haha"); //complex Object jsonGenerator.writeStartObject();//{ jsonGenerator.writeObjectField("user", bean);//user:{bean} jsonGenerator.writeObjectField("infos", arr);//infos:[array] jsonGenerator.writeEndObject();//} } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}运行后，结果如下：
jsonGenerator"aGVsbG8gd29ybGQgamFja3NvbiE=" true null 2.2c world jac worl "hello world jackson!" "hello world jackson!" {"user":{"name":"jackson","sex":true,"age":22},"infos":[22,"this is array"]} {"user":{"address":"address","name":"haha","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"email"},"infos":["a","b","c"]}怎么样？构造的json字符串和输出的结果是一致的吧。关键看懂用JSONGenerator提供的方法，完成一个Object的构建。
三、JSON转换成Java对象
1、 将json字符串转换成JavaBean对象
@Testpublic void readJson2Entity() { String json = "{/"address/":/"address/",/"name/":/"haha/",/"id/":1,/"email/":/"email/"}"; try { AccountBean acc = objectMapper.readValue(json, AccountBean.class); System.out.println(acc.getName()); System.out.println(acc); } catch (JsonParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonMappingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}很简单，用到了ObjectMapper这个对象的readValue这个方法，这个方法需要提供2个参数。第一个参数就是解析的JSON字符串，第二个参数是即将将这个JSON解析吃什么Java对象，Java对象的类型。当然，还有其他相同签名方法，如果你有兴趣可以一一尝试使用方法，当然使用的方法和当前使用的方法大同小异。运行后，结果如下：
hahahaha#1#address#null#email
2、 将json字符串转换成List<Map>集合
/** * <b>function:</b>json字符串转换成list<map> * @author hoojo */@Testpublic void readJson2List() { String json = "[{/"address/": /"address2/",/"name/":/"haha2/",/"id/":2,/"email/":/"email2/"},"+ "{/"address/":/"address/",/"name/":/"haha/",/"id/":1,/"email/":/"email/"}]"; try { List<LinkedHashMap<String, Object>> list = objectMapper.readValue(json, List.class); System.out.println(list.size()); for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { Map<String, Object> map = list.get(i); Set<String> set = map.keySet(); for (Iterator<String> it = set.iterator();it.hasNext();) { String key = it.next(); System.out.println(key + ":" + map.get(key)); } } } catch (JsonParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonMappingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}尝试过将上面的JSON转换成List，然后List中存放AccountBean，但结果失败了。但是支持Map集合。因为你转成List.class，但是不知道List存放何种类型。只好默然Map类型。因为所有的对象都可以转换成Map结合，运行后结果如下：
2address:address2name:haha2id:2email:email2address:addressname:hahaid:1email:email
3、 Json字符串转换成Array数组，由于上面的泛型转换不能识别到集合中的对象类型。所有这里用对象数组，可以解决这个问题。只不过它不再是集合，而是一个数组。当然这个不重要，你可以用Arrays.asList将其转换成List即可。
/** * <b>function:</b>json字符串转换成Array * @author hoojo */@Testpublic void readJson2Array() { String json = "[{/"address/": /"address2/",/"name/":/"haha2/",/"id/":2,/"email/":/"email2/"},"+ "{/"address/":/"address/",/"name/":/"haha/",/"id/":1,/"email/":/"email/"}]"; try { AccountBean[] arr = objectMapper.readValue(json, AccountBean[].class); System.out.println(arr.length); for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { System.out.println(arr[i]); } } catch (JsonParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonMappingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}运行后的结果：
2haha2#2#address2#null#email2haha#1#address#null#email
4、 Json字符串转换成Map集合
/** * <b>function:</b>json字符串转换Map集合 * @author hoojo */@Testpublic void readJson2Map() { String json = "{/"success/":true,/"A/":{/"address/": /"address2/",/"name/":/"haha2/",/"id/":2,/"email/":/"email2/"},"+ "/"B/":{/"address/":/"address/",/"name/":/"haha/",/"id/":1,/"email/":/"email/"}}"; try { Map<String, Map<String, Object>> maps = objectMapper.readValue(json, Map.class); System.out.println(maps.size()); Set<String> key = maps.keySet(); Iterator<String> iter = key.iterator(); while (iter.hasNext()) { String field = iter.next(); System.out.println(field + ":" + maps.get(field)); } } catch (JsonParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonMappingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}运行后结果如下：
3success:trueA:{address=address2, name=haha2, id=2, email=email2}B:{address=address, name=haha, id=1, email=email}四、Jackson对XML的支持
Jackson也可以完成java对象到xml的转换，转换后的结果要比json-lib更直观，不过它依赖于stax2-api.jar这个jar包。
/** * <b>function:</b>java对象转换成xml文档 * 需要额外的jar包 stax2-api.jar * @author hoojo */@Testpublic void writeObject2Xml() { //stax2-api-3.0.2.jar System.out.println("XmlMapper"); XmlMapper xml = new XmlMapper(); try { //javaBean转换成xml //xml.writeValue(System.out, bean); StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); xml.writeValue(sw, bean); System.out.println(sw.toString()); //List转换成xml List<AccountBean> list = new ArrayList<AccountBean>(); list.add(bean); list.add(bean); System.out.println(xml.writeValueAsString(list)); //Map转换xml文档 Map<String, AccountBean> map = new HashMap<String, AccountBean>(); map.put("A", bean); map.put("B", bean); System.out.println(xml.writeValueAsString(map)); } catch (JsonGenerationException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonMappingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}运行上面的方法，结果如下：
XmlMapper<unknown><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></unknown><unknown><unknown><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></unknown><email><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></email></unknown><unknown><A><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></A><B><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></B></unknown>
看结果，根节点都是unknown 这个问题还没有解决，由于根节点没有转换出来，所有导致解析xml到Java对象，也无法完成。
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