.net core2.0下使用Identity改用dapper存储数据(实例讲解)

2024-07-10 13:32:44

字体：大中小

来源：转载

供稿：网友

前言、

已经好多天没写博客了，鉴于空闲无聊之时又兴起想写写博客，也当是给自己做个笔记。过了这么些天，我的文笔还是依然那么烂就请多多谅解了。今天主要是分享一下在使用.net core2.0下的实际遇到的情况。在使用webapi时用了identity做用户验证。官方文档是的是用EF存储数据来使用dapper，因为个人偏好原因所以不想用EF。于是乎就去折腾。改成使用dapper做数据存储。于是就有了以下的经验。

一、使用Identity服务

先找到Startup.cs 这个类文件找到 ConfigureServices 方法

services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole>().AddDefaultTokenProviders();//添加Identityservices.AddTransient<IUserStore<ApplicationUser>, CustomUserStore>();services.AddTransient<IRoleStore<ApplicationRole>, CustomRoleStore>();string connectionString = Configuration.GetConnectionString("SqlConnectionStr");services.AddTransient<SqlConnection>(e => new SqlConnection(connectionString));services.AddTransient<DapperUsersTable>();

然后在 Configure 方法的 app.UseMvc() 前加入下列代码，net core 1.0的时候是app.UseIdentity() 现在已经弃用改为以下方法。

//使用验证app.UseAuthentication();

这里的 ApplicationUser 是自定义的一个用户模型具体是继承 IdentityUser 继承它的一些属性

public class ApplicationUser :IdentityUser {  public string AuthenticationType { get; set; }  public bool IsAuthenticated { get; set; }  public string Name { get; set; } }

这里的 CustomUserStore 是自定义提供用户的所有数据操作的方法的类它需要继承三个接口：IUserStore，IUserPasswordStore，IUserEmailStore

IUserStore<TUser>接口是在用户存储中必须实现的唯一接口。它定义了用于创建、更新、删除和检索用户的方法。

IUserPasswordStore<TUser>接口定义实现以保持经过哈希处理的密码的方法。它包含用于获取和设置工作经过哈希处理的密码，以及用于指示用户是否已设置密码的方法的方法。

IUserEmailStore<TUser>接口定义实现以存储用户电子邮件地址的方法。它包含用于获取和设置的电子邮件地址和是否确认电子邮件的方法。

这里跟.net core 1.0的实现接口方式有点不同。需要多实现 IUserEmailStore 才能不报错

具体代码如下。以供大家参考。

CustomUserStore

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;using System;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Threading;namespace YepMarsCRM.Web.CustomProvider{ /// <summary> /// This store is only partially implemented. It supports user creation and find methods. /// </summary> public class CustomUserStore : IUserStore<ApplicationUser>,  IUserPasswordStore<ApplicationUser>,  IUserEmailStore<ApplicationUser> {  private readonly DapperUsersTable _usersTable;  public CustomUserStore(DapperUsersTable usersTable)  {   _usersTable = usersTable;  }  #region createuser  public async Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(ApplicationUser user,   CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));   return await _usersTable.CreateAsync(user);  }  #endregion  public async Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(ApplicationUser user,   CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));   return await _usersTable.DeleteAsync(user);  }  public void Dispose()  {  }  public Task<ApplicationUser> FindByEmailAsync(string normalizedEmail, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   throw new NotImplementedException();  }  public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByIdAsync(string userId,   CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (userId == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(userId));   Guid idGuid;   if (!Guid.TryParse(userId, out idGuid))   {    throw new ArgumentException("Not a valid Guid id", nameof(userId));   }   return await _usersTable.FindByIdAsync(idGuid);  }  public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName,   CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (userName == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(userName));   return await _usersTable.FindByNameAsync(userName);  }  public Task<string> GetEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));   return Task.FromResult(user.Email);  }  public Task<bool> GetEmailConfirmedAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   throw new NotImplementedException();  }  public Task<string> GetNormalizedEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   throw new NotImplementedException();  }  public Task<string> GetNormalizedUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   throw new NotImplementedException();  }  public Task<string> GetPasswordHashAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));   return Task.FromResult(user.PasswordHash);  }  public Task<string> GetUserIdAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));   return Task.FromResult(user.Id.ToString());  }  public Task<string> GetUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));   return Task.FromResult(user.UserName);  }  public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   throw new NotImplementedException();  }  public Task SetEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, string email, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   throw new NotImplementedException();  }  public Task SetEmailConfirmedAsync(ApplicationUser user, bool confirmed, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   throw new NotImplementedException();  }  public Task SetNormalizedEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, string normalizedEmail, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));   if (normalizedEmail == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(normalizedEmail));   user.NormalizedEmail = normalizedEmail;   return Task.FromResult<object>(null);  }  public Task SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, string normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));   if (normalizedName == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(normalizedName));   user.NormalizedUserName = normalizedName;   return Task.FromResult<object>(null);  }  public Task SetPasswordHashAsync(ApplicationUser user, string passwordHash, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));   if (passwordHash == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(passwordHash));   user.PasswordHash = passwordHash;   return Task.FromResult<object>(null);  }  public Task SetUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   throw new NotImplementedException();  }  public Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)  {   return _usersTable.UpdateAsync(user);  } }}

二、使用使用dapper做数据存储

接着就是使用dapper做数据存储。该类的方法都是通过 CustomUserStore 调用去操作数据库的。具体代码如下。根据实际的用户表去操作dapper即可。

DapperUsersTable

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Threading;using System.Data.SqlClient;using System;using Dapper;using YepMarsCRM.Enterprise.DataBase.Model;using YepMarsCRM.Enterprise.DataBase.Data;namespace YepMarsCRM.Web.CustomProvider{ public class DapperUsersTable {  private readonly SqlConnection _connection;  private readonly Sys_AccountData _sys_AccountData;  public DapperUsersTable(SqlConnection connection)  {   _connection = connection;   _sys_AccountData = new Sys_AccountData();  }  private Sys_Account ApplicationUserToAccount(ApplicationUser user)  {   return new Sys_Account   {    Id = user.Id,    UserName = user.UserName,    PasswordHash = user.PasswordHash,    Email = user.Email,    EmailConfirmed = user.EmailConfirmed,    PhoneNumber = user.PhoneNumber,    PhoneNumberConfirmed = user.PhoneNumberConfirmed,    LockoutEnd = user.LockoutEnd?.DateTime,    LockoutEnabled = user.LockoutEnabled,    AccessFailedCount = user.AccessFailedCount,   };  }  #region createuser  public async Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(ApplicationUser user)  {   int rows = await _sys_AccountData.InsertAsync(ApplicationUserToAccount(user));   if (rows > 0)   {    return IdentityResult.Success;   }   return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not insert user {user.Email}." });  }  #endregion  public async Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(ApplicationUser user)  {   //string sql = "DELETE FROM Sys_Account WHERE Id = @Id";   //int rows = await _connection.ExecuteAsync(sql, new { user.Id });   int rows = await _sys_AccountData.DeleteForPKAsync(ApplicationUserToAccount(user));   if (rows > 0)   {    return IdentityResult.Success;   }   return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not delete user {user.Email}." });  }  public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByIdAsync(Guid userId)  {   string sql = "SELECT * FROM Sys_Account WHERE Id = @Id;";   return await _connection.QuerySingleOrDefaultAsync<ApplicationUser>(sql, new   {    Id = userId   });  }  public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName)  {   string sql = "SELECT * FROM Sys_Account WHERE UserName = @UserName;";   return await _connection.QuerySingleOrDefaultAsync<ApplicationUser>(sql, new   {    UserName = userName   });   //var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = userName, Email = userName, EmailConfirmed = false };   //user.PasswordHash = new PasswordHasher<ApplicationUser>().HashPassword(user, "test");   //return await Task.FromResult(user);  }  public async Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(ApplicationUser applicationUser)  {   var user = ApplicationUserToAccount(applicationUser);   var result = await _sys_AccountData.UpdateForPKAsync(user);   if (result > 0)   {    return IdentityResult.Success;   }   return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not update user {user.Email}." });  } }}

三、使用UserManager、SignInManager验证操作

新建一个 AccountController 控制器并在构造函数中获取依赖注入的对象 UserManager 与 SignInManager 如下：

[Authorize]　　public class AccountController : Controller {  private readonly UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager;  private readonly SignInManager<ApplicationUser> _signInManager;  private readonly ILogger _logger;public AccountController(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager,   SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager,   ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)  {   _userManager = userManager;   _signInManager = signInManager;   _logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<AccountController>();  } }

SignInManager 是提供用户登录登出的API ，UserManager 是提供用户管理的API。

接着来实现一下简单的登录登出。

/// <summary>  /// 登录  /// </summary>  [HttpPost]  [AllowAnonymous]  public async Task<IActionResult> Login(ReqLoginModel req)  {   var json = new JsonResultModel<object>();   if (ModelState.IsValid)   {    var result = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(req.UserName, req.Password, isPersistent: true, lockoutOnFailure: false);    if (result.Succeeded)    {     json.code = "200";     json.message = "登录成功";    }    else    {     json.code = "400";     json.message = "登录失败";    }    if (result.IsLockedOut)    {     json.code = "401";     json.message = "账户密码已错误3次，账户被锁定，请30分钟后再尝试";    }   }   else   {    var errorMessges = ModelState.GetErrorMessage();    json.code = "403";    json.message = string.Join("，", errorMessges);   }   return json.ToJsonResult();  }

/// <summary>  /// 登出  /// </summary>  /// <returns></returns>  [HttpPost]  public async Task<IActionResult> LogOut()  {await _signInManager.SignOutAsync();   var json = new JsonResultModel<object>()   {    code = "200",    data = null,    message = "登出成功",    remark = string.Empty   };   return json.ToJsonResult();  }

四、使用Identity配置

在 ConfigureServices 方法中加入

services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options =>   {    // 密码配置    options.Password.RequireDigit = false;//是否需要数字(0-9).    options.Password.RequiredLength = 6;//设置密码长度最小为6    options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;//是否包含非字母或数字字符。    options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;//是否需要大写字母(A-Z).    options.Password.RequireLowercase = false;//是否需要小写字母(a-z).    //options.Password.RequiredUniqueChars = 6;    // 锁定设置    options.Lockout.DefaultLockoutTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);//账户锁定时长30分钟    options.Lockout.MaxFailedAccessAttempts = 3;//10次失败的尝试将账户锁定    //options.Lockout.AllowedForNewUsers = true;    // 用户设置    options.User.RequireUniqueEmail = false; //是否Email地址必须唯一   });   services.ConfigureApplicationCookie(options =>   {    // Cookie settings    options.Cookie.HttpOnly = true;    //options.Cookie.Expiration = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);//30分钟    options.Cookie.Expiration = TimeSpan.FromHours(12);//12小时    options.LoginPath = "/api/Account/NotLogin"; // If the LoginPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/Login    //options.LogoutPath = "/api/Account/Logout"; // If the LogoutPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/Logout    //options.AccessDeniedPath = "/Account/AccessDenied"; // If the AccessDeniedPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/AccessDenied    options.SlidingExpiration = true;   });

五、其他

在实现的过程中遇到一些小状况。例如Identity不生效。是因为未在app.UseMvc() 之前使用造成的。如果未登录会造成跳转。后来查看了.net core Identity 的源码后发现如果是ajax情况下不会跳转而时返回401的状态码页面。

然后就是Idenetity的密码加密是用 PasswordHasher 这个类去加密的。如果想用自己的加密方式。只能通过继承接口去更改原本的方式。然后大致说到这么些。也当是给自己做做笔记。做得不好请大家多给点意见。多多谅解。谢谢。

以上这篇.net core2.0下使用Identity改用dapper存储数据(实例讲解)就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持VeVb武林网。

注：相关教程知识阅读请移步到ASP.NET教程频道。

上一篇：C# winform打印excel的方法

下一篇：Asp.net webForm设置允许表单提交Html的方法