asp.NET中实现文件的压缩和解压（3种方式）

2024-07-10 13:31:33

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在.NET可以通过多种方式实现zip的压缩和解压：1、使用System.IO.Packaging；2、使用第三方类库；3、通过 System.IO.Compression 命名空间中新增的ZipArchive、ZipFile等类实现。

一、使用System.IO.Packaging压缩和解压

Package为一个抽象类，可用于将对象组织到定义的物理格式的单个实体中，从而实现可移植性与高效访问。ZIP 文件是Package的主物理格式。其他Package实现可以使用其他物理格式（如 XML 文档、数据库或 Web 服务。与文件系统类似，在分层组织的文件夹和文件中引用 Package 中包含的项。虽然 Package 是抽象类，但 Package.Open 方法默认使用 ZipPackage 派生类。

System.IO.Packaging在WindowsBase.dll程序集下，使用时需要添加对WindowsBase的引用。

1、将整个文件夹压缩成zip

 /// <summary>  /// Add a folder along with its subfolders to a Package  /// </summary>  /// <param name="folderName">The folder to add</param>  /// <param name="compressedFileName">The package to create</param>  /// <param name="overrideExisting">Override exsisitng files</param>  /// <returns></returns>  static bool PackageFolder(string folderName, string compressedFileName, bool overrideExisting)  {   if (folderName.EndsWith(@"/"))    folderName = folderName.Remove(folderName.Length - 1);   bool result = false;   if (!Directory.Exists(folderName))   {    return result;   }   if (!overrideExisting && File.Exists(compressedFileName))   {    return result;   }   try   {    using (Package package = Package.Open(compressedFileName, FileMode.Create))    {     var fileList = Directory.EnumerateFiles(folderName, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);     foreach (string fileName in fileList)     {            //The path in the package is all of the subfolders after folderName      string pathInPackage;      pathInPackage = Path.GetDirectoryName(fileName).Replace(folderName, string.Empty) + "/" + Path.GetFileName(fileName);      Uri partUriDocument = PackUriHelper.CreatePartUri(new Uri(pathInPackage, UriKind.Relative));      PackagePart packagePartDocument = package.CreatePart(partUriDocument,"", CompressionOption.Maximum);      using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))      {       fileStream.CopyTo(packagePartDocument.GetStream());      }     }    }    result = true;   }   catch (Exception e)   {    throw new Exception("Error zipping folder " + folderName, e);   }      return result;  }

2、将单个文件添加到zip文件中

 /// <summary>  /// Compress a file into a ZIP archive as the container store  /// </summary>  /// <param name="fileName">The file to compress</param>  /// <param name="compressedFileName">The archive file</param>  /// <param name="overrideExisting">override existing file</param>  /// <returns></returns>  static bool PackageFile(string fileName, string compressedFileName, bool overrideExisting)  {   bool result = false;   if (!File.Exists(fileName))   {    return result;   }   if (!overrideExisting && File.Exists(compressedFileName))   {    return result;   }   try   {    Uri partUriDocument = PackUriHelper.CreatePartUri(new Uri(Path.GetFileName(fileName), UriKind.Relative));        using (Package package = Package.Open(compressedFileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))    {     if (package.PartExists(partUriDocument))     {      package.DeletePart(partUriDocument);     }     PackagePart packagePartDocument = package.CreatePart(partUriDocument, "", CompressionOption.Maximum);     using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))     {      fileStream.CopyTo(packagePartDocument.GetStream());     }    }    result = true;   }   catch (Exception e)   {    throw new Exception("Error zipping file " + fileName, e);   }      return result;  }

3、zip文件解压

/// <summary>  /// Extract a container Zip. NOTE: container must be created as Open Packaging Conventions (OPC) specification  /// </summary>  /// <param name="folderName">The folder to extract the package to</param>  /// <param name="compressedFileName">The package file</param>  /// <param name="overrideExisting">override existing files</param>  /// <returns></returns>  static bool UncompressFile(string folderName, string compressedFileName, bool overrideExisting)  {   bool result = false;   try   {    if (!File.Exists(compressedFileName))    {     return result;    }    DirectoryInfo directoryInfo = new DirectoryInfo(folderName);    if (!directoryInfo.Exists)     directoryInfo.Create();    using (Package package = Package.Open(compressedFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))    {     foreach (PackagePart packagePart in package.GetParts())     {      ExtractPart(packagePart, folderName, overrideExisting);     }    }    result = true;   }   catch (Exception e)   {    throw new Exception("Error unzipping file " + compressedFileName, e);   }      return result;  }  static void ExtractPart(PackagePart packagePart, string targetDirectory, bool overrideExisting)  {   string stringPart = targetDirectory + HttpUtility.UrlDecode(packagePart.Uri.ToString()).Replace('//', '/');   if (!Directory.Exists(Path.GetDirectoryName(stringPart)))    Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(stringPart));   if (!overrideExisting && File.Exists(stringPart))    return;   using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(stringPart, FileMode.Create))   {    packagePart.GetStream().CopyTo(fileStream);   }  }

使用Package压缩文件会在zip文件自动生成[Content_Type].xml，用来描述zip文件解压支持的文件格式。

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <Types xmlns="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/content-types"> <Default Extension="vsixmanifest" ContentType="text/xml" />  <Default Extension="dll" ContentType="application/octet-stream" />  <Default Extension="png" ContentType="application/octet-stream" />  <Default Extension="txt" ContentType="text/plain" />  <Default Extension="pkgdef" ContentType="text/plain" /> </Types>

同样，如果zip文件不包含[Content_Type].xml文件，或者[Content_Type].xml文件不包含所对应扩展名的描述（手动添加的[Content_Type].xml也是可以），将无法解压文件。

二、使用第三方类库

zip的压缩和解压使用比较的有SharpZipLib和DotNetZip。

1、SharpZipLib，也称为“#ziplib”，基于GPL开源，支持Zip，GZip，Tar和BZip2的压缩和解压缩。

支持.NET 1.1,NET 2.0（3.5、4.0）.

（1）zip压缩

 public static void Zip(string SrcFile, string DstFile, int BufferSize){ FileStream fileStreamIn = new FileStream (SrcFile, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); FileStream fileStreamOut = new FileStream (DstFile, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write); ZipOutputStream zipOutStream = new ZipOutputStream(fileStreamOut); byte[] buffer = new byte<buffersize />; ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry(Path.GetFileName(SrcFile)); zipOutStream.PutNextEntry(entry); int size; do {  size = fileStreamIn.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);  zipOutStream.Write(buffer, 0, size); } while (size > 0); zipOutStream.Close(); fileStreamOut.Close(); fileStreamIn.Close();}

（2）解压zip

  public static void UnZip(string SrcFile, string DstFile, int BufferSize){ FileStream fileStreamIn = new FileStream (SrcFile, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); ZipInputStream zipInStream = new ZipInputStream(fileStreamIn); ZipEntry entry = zipInStream.GetNextEntry(); FileStream fileStreamOut = new FileStream (DstFile + @"/" + entry.Name, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write); int size; byte[] buffer = new byte<buffersize />; do {  size = zipInStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);  fileStreamOut.Write(buffer, 0, size); } while (size > 0); zipInStream.Close(); fileStreamOut.Close(); fileStreamIn.Close();}

2、DotNetLib，是基于”WS-PL”开源，使用比较简单

(1)压缩

  using (ZipFile zip = new ZipFile()) { zip.AddFile("ReadMe.txt"); zip.AddFile("7440-N49th.png"); zip.AddFile("2008_Annual_Report.pdf");   zip.Save("Archive.zip"); }

（2）解压

 private void MyExtract() {  string zipToUnpack = "C1P3SML.zip";  string unpackDirectory = "Extracted Files";  using (ZipFile zip1 = ZipFile.Read(zipToUnpack))  {   // here, we extract every entry, but we could extract conditionally   // based on entry name, size, date, checkbox status, etc.    foreach (ZipEntry e in zip1)   {   e.Extract(unpackDirectory, ExtractExistingFileAction.OverwriteSilently);   }  } }

三、在.NET 4.5使用ZipArchive、ZipFile等类压缩和解压

 static void Main(string[] args)  {   string ZipPath = @"c:/users/exampleuser/start.zip";   string ExtractPath = @"c:/users/exampleuser/extract";   string NewFile = @"c:/users/exampleuser/NewFile.txt";   using (ZipArchive Archive = ZipFile.Open(ZipPath, ZipArchiveMode.Update))   {    Archive.CreateEntryFromFile(NewFile, "NewEntry.txt");    Archive.ExtractToDirectory(ExtractPath);   }   }

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