将excel高效导入sqlserver的可行方法

2024-07-10 13:28:15

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System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy 对于新手来说还是比较陌生的，这个就是传说中效率极高的bcp，6万多数据从excel导入到sql只需要4.5秒

大部分人都知道用oledb来读取数据到dataset，但是读取之后怎么处理dataset就千奇百怪了。很多人通过循环来拼接sql，这样做不但容易出错而且效率低下，System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy 对于新手来说还是比较陌生的，这个就是传说中效率极高的bcp，6万多数据从excel导入到sql只需要4.5秒。

using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Data.OleDb;

namespace WindowsApplication2

{

public partial class Form1 : Form

{

public Form1()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

//测试，将excel中的sheet1导入到sqlserver中

string connString = "server=localhost;uid=sa;pwd=sqlgis;database=master";

System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog fd = new OpenFileDialog();

if (fd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)

{

TransferData(fd.FileName, "sheet1", connString);

}

}

public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string connectionString)

{

DataSet ds = new DataSet();

try

{

//获取全部数据

string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";

OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);

conn.Open();

string strExcel = "";

OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;

strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", sheetName);

myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);

myCommand.Fill(ds, sheetName);

//如果目标表不存在则创建

string strSql = string.Format("if object_id('{0}') is null create table {0}(", sheetName);

foreach (System.Data.DataColumn c in ds.Tables[0].Columns)

{

strSql += string.Format("[{0}] varchar(255),", c.ColumnName);

}

strSql = strSql.Trim(',') + ")";

using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection sqlconn = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connectionString))

{

sqlconn.Open();

System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = sqlconn.CreateCommand();

command.CommandText = strSql;

command.ExecuteNonQuery();

sqlconn.Close();

}

//用bcp导入数据

using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bcp = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(connectionString))

{

bcp.SqlRowsCopied += new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventHandler(bcp_SqlRowsCopied);

bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数

bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数

bcp.DestinationTableName = sheetName;//目标表

bcp.WriteToServer(ds.Tables[0]);

}

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

}

}

//进度显示

void bcp_SqlRowsCopied(object sender, System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventArgs e)

{

this.Text = e.RowsCopied.ToString();

this.Update();

}

}

}