用Jquery访问WebService并返回Json的代码第1/3页

2024-07-10 13:21:59

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在我们的应用中一般会是这样的，使用了jquery作为客户端框架，ajax请求也通常返回html或者json。html这里就不讨论了。返回json一般都是搞一个handler.ashx来处理请求，拼凑字符串来返回json。从而放弃了ws，因为ws返回的是xml，使用起来不方便。
所以我觉着比较完美的解决方法是让ws返回json而且不用asp.net ajax的客户端框是比较理想的解决方法。
通过观测发现asp.net ajax的客户端框架请求webservice的时候返回的是json，为什么webservice没有返回xml而返回了json呢？抓包分析到，关键在request的headers中 “Content-Type: application/json;utf-8” ，因此webservice就使用了json的序列化，应该是“System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer”这个类完成的工作，通过web.config的配置，把*.asmx交给了System.Web.Extensions.Dll。也就是这里还是用了asp.net ajax，不过是用的服务端部分，我这里直接用的asp.net 3.5
以上都是在啰嗦，具体的方法很简单，看例子
ws1.asmx

复制代码代码如下:

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using System.Xml.Linq;

namespace test2
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for WS1
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = "http://one")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[ToolboxItem(false)]

[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
public class WS1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
{

[WebMethod]
public string HelloWorld()
{
return "Hello World";
}

[WebMethod]
public TestUser CreateUser(string name,int age)
{
return new TestUser { Name = name, Age = age };
}
}

public class TestUser
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
}
}

test.html

复制代码代码如下:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
<title>Untitled Page</title>
<script src="jquery-1.2.2.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</head>
<body>

<input type="button" value="请求HelloWorld" />
<input type="button" value="请求CreateUser" />
<script type="text/javascript">

function requestHelloWorld(){
WebService('ws1.asmx/HelloWorld',function(obj){alert(obj);});
}

function requestCreateUser(){
WebService('ws1.asmx/CreateUser',function(obj){alert(obj.Name);},'{name:"林子",age:25}');
}

function WebService(url,callback,pars){
$.ajax({
data:pars,
url: url,
type: "POST",
contentType: "application/json;utf-8",
dataType:'json',
cache: false,
success: function(json){
callback(json.d);
},
error:function(xml,status){
if(status=='error'){
try{
var json = eval('(' + xml.responseText + ')');
alert(json.Message+'/n'+json.StackTrace);
}catch(e){}
}else{
alert(status);
}
},
beforeSend:function(xml){
if(!pars) xml.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;utf-8")
}
});
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

web.config为vs2008在.net 3.5状态下创建的默认的也有很重要的作用这里贴出来

复制代码代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<sectionGroup type="System.Web.Configuration.SystemWebExtensionsSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
<sectionGroup type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
<section type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingScriptResourceHandlerSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
<sectionGroup type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingWebServicesSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
<section type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingJsonSerializationSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="Everywhere"/>
<section type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingProfileServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
<section type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingAuthenticationServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
<section type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingRoleServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
</sectionGroup>
</sectionGroup>
</sectionGroup>
</configSections>
<appSettings/>
<connectionStrings/>
<system.web>

<compilation debug="true">
<assemblies>
<add assembly="System.Core, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
<add assembly="System.Data.DataSetExtensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
<add assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
<add assembly="System.Xml.Linq, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
</assemblies>
</compilation>

<authentication mode="None"/>

<pages>
<controls>
<add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
<add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI.WebControls" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
</controls>
</pages>
<httpHandlers>
<remove verb="*" path="*.asmx"/>
<add verb="*" path="*.asmx" validate="false" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
<add verb="*" path="*_AppService.axd" validate="false" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
<add verb="GET,HEAD" path="ScriptResource.axd" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptResourceHandler, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" validate="false"/>
</httpHandlers>
<httpModules>
<add type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptModule, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
</httpModules>
</system.web>
<system.codedom>
<compilers>
<compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" warningLevel="4" type="Microsoft.CSharp.CSharpCodeProvider, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089">
<providerOption value="v3.5"/>
<providerOption value="false"/>
</compiler>
</compilers>
</system.codedom>

<system.webServer>
<validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false"/>
<modules>
<remove/>
<add preCondition="managedHandler" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptModule, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
</modules>
<handlers>
<remove/>
<remove/>
<remove/>
<remove/>
<add verb="*" path="*.asmx" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
<add verb="*" path="*_AppService.axd" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
<add preCondition="integratedMode" verb="GET,HEAD" path="ScriptResource.axd" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptResourceHandler, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
</handlers>
</system.webServer>
<runtime>
<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="3.5.0.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="3.5.0.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding>
</runtime>
</configuration>