SpringMVC ModelAndView的用法使用详解

（一）使用ModelAndView类用来存储处理完后的结果数据，以及显示该数据的视图。从名字上看ModelAndView中的Model代表模型，View代表视图，这个名字就很好地解释了该类的作用。业务处理器调用模型层处理完用户请求后，把结果数据存储在该类的model属性中，把要返回的视图信息存储在该类的view属性中，然后让该ModelAndView返回该Spring MVC框架。框架通过调用配置文件中定义的视图解析器，对该对象进行解析，最后把结果数据显示在指定的页面上。

具体作用：

1、返回指定页面

ModelAndView构造方法可以指定返回的页面名称，

也可以通过setViewName()方法跳转到指定的页面 ,

2、返回所需数值

使用addObject()设置需要返回的值，addObject()有几个不同参数的方法，可以默认和指定返回对象的名字。

1、【其源码】：熟悉一个类的用法，最好从其源码入手。

public class ModelAndView {    /** View instance or view name String */   private Object view //该属性用来存储返回的视图信息/** Model Map */ private ModelMap model;//<span >该属性用来存储处理后的结果数据</span>  /**  * Indicates whether or not this instance has been cleared with a call to {@link #clear()}.  */ private boolean cleared = false;   /**  * Default constructor for bean-style usage: populating bean  * properties instead of passing in constructor arguments.  * @see #setView(View)  * @see #setViewName(String)  */ public ModelAndView() { }  /**  * Convenient constructor when there is no model data to expose.  * Can also be used in conjunction with <code>addObject</code>.  * @param viewName name of the View to render, to be resolved  * by the DispatcherServlet's ViewResolver  * @see #addObject  */ public ModelAndView(String viewName) {   this.view = viewName; }  /**  * Convenient constructor when there is no model data to expose.  * Can also be used in conjunction with <code>addObject</code>.  * @param view View object to render  * @see #addObject  */ public ModelAndView(View view) {   this.view = view; }  /**  * Creates new ModelAndView given a view name and a model.  * @param viewName name of the View to render, to be resolved  * by the DispatcherServlet's ViewResolver  * @param model Map of model names (Strings) to model objects  * (Objects). Model entries may not be <code>null</code>, but the  * model Map may be <code>null</code> if there is no model data.  */ public ModelAndView(String viewName, Map<String, ?> model) {   this.view = viewName;   if (model != null) {     getModelMap().addAllAttributes(model);   } }  /**  * Creates new ModelAndView given a View object and a model.  * <emphasis>Note: the supplied model data is copied into the internal  * storage of this class. You should not consider to modify the supplied  * Map after supplying it to this class</emphasis>  * @param view View object to render  * @param model Map of model names (Strings) to model objects  * (Objects). Model entries may not be <code>null</code>, but the  * model Map may be <code>null</code> if there is no model data.  */ public ModelAndView(View view, Map<String, ?> model) {   this.view = view;   if (model != null) {     getModelMap().addAllAttributes(model);   } }  /**  * Convenient constructor to take a single model object.  * @param viewName name of the View to render, to be resolved  * by the DispatcherServlet's ViewResolver  * @param modelName name of the single entry in the model  * @param modelObject the single model object  */ public ModelAndView(String viewName, String modelName, Object modelObject) {   this.view = viewName;   addObject(modelName, modelObject); }  /**  * Convenient constructor to take a single model object.  * @param view View object to render  * @param modelName name of the single entry in the model  * @param modelObject the single model object  */ public ModelAndView(View view, String modelName, Object modelObject) {   this.view = view;   addObject(modelName, modelObject); }   /**  * Set a view name for this ModelAndView, to be resolved by the  * DispatcherServlet via a ViewResolver. Will override any  * pre-existing view name or View.  */ public void setViewName(String viewName) {   this.view = viewName; }  /**  * Return the view name to be resolved by the DispatcherServlet  * via a ViewResolver, or <code>null</code> if we are using a View object.  */ public String getViewName() {   return (this.view instanceof String ? (String) this.view : null); }  /**  * Set a View object for this ModelAndView. Will override any  * pre-existing view name or View.  */ public void setView(View view) {   this.view = view; }  /**  * Return the View object, or <code>null</code> if we are using a view name  * to be resolved by the DispatcherServlet via a ViewResolver.  */ public View getView() {   return (this.view instanceof View ? (View) this.view : null); }  /**  * Indicate whether or not this <code>ModelAndView</code> has a view, either  * as a view name or as a direct {@link View} instance.  */ public boolean hasView() {   return (this.view != null); }  /**  * Return whether we use a view reference, i.e. <code>true</code>  * if the view has been specified via a name to be resolved by the  * DispatcherServlet via a ViewResolver.  */ public boolean isReference() {   return (this.view instanceof String); }  /**  * Return the model map. May return <code>null</code>.  * Called by DispatcherServlet for evaluation of the model.  */ protected Map<String, Object> getModelInternal() {   return this.model; }  /**  * Return the underlying <code>ModelMap</code> instance (never <code>null</code>).  */ public ModelMap getModelMap() {   if (this.model == null) {     this.model = new ModelMap();   }   return this.model; }  /**  * Return the model map. Never returns <code>null</code>.  * To be called by application code for modifying the model.  */ public Map<String, Object> getModel() {   return getModelMap(); }   /**  * Add an attribute to the model.  * @param attributeName name of the object to add to the model  * @param attributeValue object to add to the model (never <code>null</code>)  * @see ModelMap#addAttribute(String, Object)  * @see #getModelMap()  */ public ModelAndView addObject(String attributeName, Object attributeValue) {   getModelMap().addAttribute(attributeName, attributeValue);   return this; }  /**  * Add an attribute to the model using parameter name generation.  * @param attributeValue the object to add to the model (never <code>null</code>)  * @see ModelMap#addAttribute(Object)  * @see #getModelMap()  */ public ModelAndView addObject(Object attributeValue) {   getModelMap().addAttribute(attributeValue);   return this; }  /**  * Add all attributes contained in the provided Map to the model.  * @param modelMap a Map of attributeName -> attributeValue pairs  * @see ModelMap#addAllAttributes(Map)  * @see #getModelMap()  */ public ModelAndView addAllObjects(Map<String, ?> modelMap) {   getModelMap().addAllAttributes(modelMap);   return this; }   /**  * Clear the state of this ModelAndView object.  * The object will be empty afterwards.  * <p>Can be used to suppress rendering of a given ModelAndView object  * in the <code>postHandle</code> method of a HandlerInterceptor.  * @see #isEmpty()  * @see HandlerInterceptor#postHandle  */ public void clear() {   this.view = null;   this.model = null;   this.cleared = true; }  /**  * Return whether this ModelAndView object is empty,  * i.e. whether it does not hold any view and does not contain a model.  */ public boolean isEmpty() {   return (this.view == null && CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.model)); }  /**  * Return whether this ModelAndView object is empty as a result of a call to {@link #clear}  * i.e. whether it does not hold any view and does not contain a model.  * <p>Returns <code>false</code> if any additional state was added to the instance  * <strong>after</strong> the call to {@link #clear}.  * @see #clear()  */ public boolean wasCleared() {   return (this.cleared && isEmpty()); }   /**  * Return diagnostic information about this model and view.  */ @Override public String toString() {   StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("ModelAndView: ");   if (isReference()) {     sb.append("reference to view with name '").append(this.view).append("'");   }   else {     sb.append("materialized View is [").append(this.view).append(']');   }   sb.append("; model is ").append(this.model);   return sb.toString(); }