linux下搭建SVN服务器完全手册
2024-06-28 16:04:15
供稿:网友
系统环境 RHEL5.4最小化安装(关iptables,关selinux) + ssh + yum一,安装必须的软件包. yum install subversion (SVN服务器) MySQL-server (用于codestriker) httpd mod_dav_svn mod_perl (用于支持WEB方式管理SVN服务器) sendmail (用于配置用户提交代码后发邮件提醒) wget gcc-c++ make unzip perl* (必备软件包) ntsysv vim-enhanced (可选)二,基本的SVN服务器配置 1,新建一个目录用于存储SVN所有文件 # mkdir /home/svn 2,新建一个版本仓库 # svnadmin create /home/svn/PRoject 3,初始化版本仓库中的目录 # mkdir project project/server project/client project/test (建立临时目录) # svn import project/ file:///home/svn/project -m "初始化SVN目录" # rm -rf project (删除临时建立的目录) 4,添加用户 要添加SVN用户非常简单,只需在/home/svn/project/conf/passwd文件添加一个形如“username=passWord"的条目就可以了.为了测试,我添加了如下内容: [users] # harry = harryssecret # sally = sallyssecret pm = pm_pw server_group = server_pw client_group = client_pw test_group = test_pw 5,修改用户访问策略 /home/svn/project/conf/authz记录用户的访问策略,以下是参考: [groups] project_p = pm project_s = server_group project_c = client_group project_t = test_group [project:/] @project_p = rw * = [project:/server] @project_p = rw @project_s = rw * = [project:/client] @project_p = rw @project_c = rw * = [project:/doc] @project_p = rw @project_s = rw @project_c = rw @project_t = rw * = 以上信息表示,只有pm有根目录的读写权,server_group能访问server目录,client_group能访问client目录,所有人都可以访问doc目录. 6,修改svnserve.conf文件,让用户和策略配置升效. svnserve.conf内容如下: [general] anon-access = none auth-access = write password-db = /home/svn/project/conf/passwd authz-db = /home/svn/project/conf/authz 7,启动服务器 # svnserve -d -r /home/svn 8,测试服务器 # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d Password for 'root': Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d Username: server_group Password for 'server_group': svn: Authorization failed ( server_group没用根目录的访问权 ) # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d Password for 'root': Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d Username: pm Password for 'pm': A project/test A project/server A project/client Checked out revision 1. ( 测试提取成功 ) # cd project/server # vim main.c # svn add main.c # svn commit main.c -m "测试一下我的C程序,看什么看,不行啊??" Adding main.c Transmitting file data . Committed revision 2. ( 测试提交成功 )三,配置SVN服务器的HTTP支持 1,转换SVN服务器的密码 由于SVN服务器的密码是明文的,HTTP服务器不与支持,所以需要转换成HTTP支持的格式。我写了一个Perl脚本完成这个工作. 脚本内容如下: # cd /home/svn/project/conf/ # cat PtoWP.pl #!/usr/bin/perl # write by huabo, 2009-11-20 use warnings; use strict; #open the svn passwd file open (FILE, "passwd") or die ("Cannot open the passwd file!!!/n"); #clear the apache passwd file open (OUT_FILE, ">webpasswd") or die ("Cannot open the webpasswd file!!!/n"); close (OUT_FILE); #begin foreach (<FILE>) { if($_ =~ m/^[^#].*=/) { $_ =~ s/=//; `htpasswd -b webpasswd $_`; } } # ./PtoWP.pl ( 先给该脚本加可执行权限,然后执行以转换密码 ) Adding password for user pm Adding password for user server_group Adding password for user client_group Adding password for user test_group 现在目录下会多一个webpasswd文件。 2,修改httpd.conf,添加关于SVN服务器的内容 编辑/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf,在最后添加如下信息: <Location /project> DAV svn SVNPath /home/svn/project/ AuthType Basic AuthName "svn for project" AuthUserFile /home/svn/project/conf/webpasswd AuthzSVNAccessFile /home/svn/project/conf/authz Satisfy all Require valid-user </Location> 3,启动HTTPD服务器 # service httpd restart Stopping httpd: [FAILED] Starting httpd: [ OK ] 4,用浏览器访问http://192.168.60.10/project/server/测试 测试结果如下图所示: ( 测试成功 )四,配置邮件提醒支持 1,安装Perl模块Module::Build # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/D/DA/DAGOLDEN/Module-Build-0.36_11.tar.gz # tar xvf Module-Build-0.36_11.tar.gz # cd Module-Build-0.36_11 # perl Build.PL # ./Build # ./Build test # ./Build install # cd .. 2,安装Perl模块Authen::SASL # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/G/GB/GBARR/Authen-SASL-2.15.tar.gz # tar xvf Authen-SASL-2.15.tar.gz # cd Authen-SASL-2.15 # perl Makefile.PL # make test # make install # cd .. 3,安装Perl模块Net::SMTP_auth # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/A/AP/APLEINER/Net-SMTP_auth-0.08.tar.gz # tar xvf Net-SMTP_auth-0.08.tar.gz # cd Net-SMTP_auth-0.08 # perl Makefile.PL # make test # make install # cd .. 4,安装Perl模块SVN::Notify # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/D/DW/DWHEELER/SVN-Notify-2.80.tar.gz # tar xvf SVN-Notify-2.80.tar.gz # cd SVN-Notify-2.80 # perl Build.PL # ./Build # ./Build test # ./Build install # cd .. 5,启动邮件服务器 # service sendmail restart Shutting down sendmail: [FAILED] Starting sendmail: [ OK ] Starting sm-client: [ OK ] 6,配置自动发邮件脚本 修改post-commit脚本,以支持邮件通知功能. # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/ # vim post-commit 内容如下: #!/bin/sh REPOS="$1" REV="$2" /usr/bin/svnnotify --repos-path "$1" --revision "$2" --to caodaijun@pica.com --from caodaijun@feinno.com --handler "HTML::ColorDiff" --with-diff --smtp localhost --smtp-user root --smtp-pass 5201314318 -c "UTF-8" -g zh_CN -o raw --svnlook /usr/bin/svnlook --subject-prefix '[SVN Update]' (to参数代表接收邮件的地址,可以有多个,当你有多个老大的时候,这就很重要了,:)。from参数是虚拟的,代表你的发送地址,一般情况下,这个参数 不重要,但如果接收者的邮件服务器有反垃圾邮件的功能,需要判定源地址的话,这个参数是否合法就显得很重要了) 再给该脚本添加可执行权限 # chmod +x post-commit 7,再次提交时,就会给指定邮件地址发信了。 如下图所示:五,其它常用配置 1,强制写log脚本 配置pre-commit文件,要求用户每次更新文件都必须写log. # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/ # vim pre-commit 文件内容如下: #!/bin/sh REPOS="$1" TXN="$2" SVNLOOK=/usr/bin/svnlook LOGMSG=`$SVNLOOK log -t "$TXN" "$REPOS" | grep "[a-zA-Z0-9]" | wc -c` if [ "$LOGMSG" -lt 5(要求的log长度,依实际需要修改) ]; then echo -e "/nEmpty log message not allowed. Commit aborted!" 1>&2 exit 1 fi 配置完成后,给本件加上可执行权限。再提交代码时,就必须按要求写注释了,:) 2,可修改log脚本 配置pre-revprop-change文件,此文件在show log中修改log时会运行,得到修改的权限,否则会报错:DAV request failed; it's possible that the repository's pre-revprop-change hook either failed or is non-existent. At least one property change failed; repository is unchanged # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/ # vim pre-revprop-change 文件内容如下: REPOS="$1" REV="$2" USER="$3" PROPNAME="$4" if ["$PROPNAME" = "svn:log"];then exit 0;fi exit 1 配置完后加可执行权限升效。六,备份管理 svn服务器的定期备份是很重要的,最简单的方式是定时备份仓库目录。 1,新建备份目录 # mkdir /opt/project_backup 2,编写备份脚本 # cd /home/svn/ # vim project_backup.sh 内容如下: #!/bin/bash #write by huabo, 2009-11-20 cd /home/svn now=`/bin/date +%Y%m%d` /bin/tar czvf "project_backup_$now.tar.gz" project/ && rm -rf /opt/project_backup/* && /bin/mv project_backup_*.tar.gz /opt/project_backup/ if [ $? == 0 ] then result="OK!!" else result="False!!" fi #send mail to administrator /bin/mail caodaijun@pica.com -s "project_backup_$now" <<MESSAGE Result: `/bin/echo $result` MESSAGE 给该脚本添加可执行权限。 3,设定每天定时执行该脚本. # crontab -e 输入如下内容: 0 23 * * * /home/svn/project_backup.sh 表示每天晚上23点运行此脚本。 经过以上三步操作,就可以自动备份SVN资料了,且不论备份是否成功,都会给用户发送邮件信息。七,用svnstat分析SVN数据. 1,安装java svnstat是JAVA应用程序,需要先安装JAVA环境。 下载jre,URL: http://javadl.sun.com/webapps/download/AutoDL?BundleId=39484 安装: # chmod +x jre-6u20-linux-i586-rpm.bin # ./jre-6u20-linux-i586-rpm.bin 2,下载svnstat # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/svnstat/svnstat/Release-1.0/SvnStat-1.0.zip?use_mirror=jaist # unzip SvnStat-1.0.zip 3,更新代码 # pwd /root # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project A project/test A project/server A project/server/main.c A project/client Checked out revision 5. 4,生成svnstat数据 # svn log project -v --xml --non-interactive > project.log # cd SvnStat-1.0 # java -classpath SvnStat-all.jar de.agentlab.svnstat.SvnStat -jar SvnStat-all.jar -r /root/project.log -d /var/www/html/ 5,用浏览器登录即可看到许多统计出来的图表。大致如下图所示:(俺的测试代码很少,生成的图不成样子,拿官方的图来充当一下,:))八,用statsvn分析SVN数据 1,下载statsvn # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/statsvn/statsvn/0.7.0/statsvn-0.7.0.zip?use_mirror=jaist # unzip statsvn-0.7.0.zip # cd statsvn-0.7.0 2,生成statsvn数据 # mkdir /var/www/html/statsvn # java -jar statsvn.jar -verbose -output-dir /var/www/html/statsvn/ /root/project.log /root/project 3,用浏览器测测试效果如下图:九,配置codestriker. 1.安装codestriker依赖的perl包. # perl -MCPAN -e 'install "Template"' 2.下载codestriker # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/codestriker/codestriker/1.9.10/codestriker-1.9.10.tar.gz?use_mirror=jaist&ts=1279246587 # mkdir /var/www/codestriker # cd /var/www/codestriker # tar xvf /path/codestriker-1.9.10.tar.gz # chown -R apache.apache codestriker-1.9.10 3.配置数据库 # service mysqld restart # mysql -uroot mysql 执行: CREATE DATABASE codestrikerdb CHARACTER SET utf8; GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,INDEX,ALTER,CREATE,DROP,REFERENCES ON codestrikerdb.* TO codestriker@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'cspasswd'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; quit 4.配置codestriker # cd codestriker-1.9.10/ # vim codestriker.conf 注意以下几点(详细可查看codestriker的安装文档) a.数据库的用户名密码要配对 b.svn的数据仓库要配对,我的如下: @valid_repositories = ( 'svn:file:///home/svn/project', ) 5.执行codestriker的安装脚本 # cd bin/ # ./install.pl 6.配置http支持 # vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 在最后面加上如下内容: Alias /codestriker/ /var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/cgi-bin/ Alias /codestrikerhtml/ /var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/html/ <Directory "/var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/cgi-bin/"> SetHandler perl-script PerlHandler ModPerl::Registry Options +ExecCGI </Directory> <Directory "/var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/html/"> AllowOverride None Allow from all </Directory> 7.重启HTTP服务器 # service httpd restart 8.在浏览器中输入http://192.168.60.10/codestriker/codestriker.pl即可访问,如下图: