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linux下搭建SVN服务器完全手册

2024-06-28 16:04:15
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系统环境        RHEL5.4最小化安装(关iptables,关selinux) + ssh + yum一,安装必须的软件包.        yum install subversion (SVN服务器)                    MySQL-server (用于codestriker)                    httpd mod_dav_svn mod_perl (用于支持WEB方式管理SVN服务器)                    sendmail (用于配置用户提交代码后发邮件提醒)                    wget gcc-c++ make unzip perl* (必备软件包)                    ntsysv vim-enhanced (可选)二,基本的SVN服务器配置        1,新建一个目录用于存储SVN所有文件                # mkdir /home/svn        2,新建一个版本仓库                # svnadmin create /home/svn/PRoject        3,初始化版本仓库中的目录                # mkdir project project/server project/client project/test (建立临时目录)                # svn import project/ file:///home/svn/project -m "初始化SVN目录"                # rm -rf project (删除临时建立的目录)        4,添加用户                要添加SVN用户非常简单,只需在/home/svn/project/conf/passwd文件添加一个形如“username=passWord"的条目就可以了.为了测试,我添加了如下内容:                [users]                # harry = harryssecret                # sally = sallyssecret                pm = pm_pw                server_group = server_pw                client_group = client_pw                test_group = test_pw        5,修改用户访问策略                /home/svn/project/conf/authz记录用户的访问策略,以下是参考:                        [groups]                        project_p = pm                        project_s = server_group                        project_c = client_group                        project_t = test_group                                                [project:/]                        @project_p = rw                        * =                                                [project:/server]                        @project_p = rw                        @project_s = rw                        * =                                                [project:/client]                        @project_p = rw                        @project_c = rw                        * =                                                [project:/doc]                        @project_p = rw                        @project_s = rw                        @project_c = rw                        @project_t = rw                        * =                以上信息表示,只有pm有根目录的读写权,server_group能访问server目录,client_group能访问client目录,所有人都可以访问doc目录.        6,修改svnserve.conf文件,让用户和策略配置升效.                svnserve.conf内容如下:                        [general]                        anon-access = none                        auth-access = write                        password-db = /home/svn/project/conf/passwd                        authz-db = /home/svn/project/conf/authz        7,启动服务器                # svnserve -d -r /home/svn        8,测试服务器                # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project                Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d                Password for 'root':                 Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d                Username: server_group                Password for 'server_group':                 svn: Authorization failed ( server_group没用根目录的访问权 )                # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project                Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d                Password for 'root':                 Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d                Username: pm                Password for 'pm':                 A    project/test                A    project/server                A    project/client                Checked out revision 1.  ( 测试提取成功 )                # cd project/server                # vim main.c                # svn add main.c                 # svn commit main.c -m "测试一下我的C程序,看什么看,不行啊??"                Adding         main.c                Transmitting file data .                Committed revision 2.  ( 测试提交成功 )三,配置SVN服务器的HTTP支持        1,转换SVN服务器的密码                由于SVN服务器的密码是明文的,HTTP服务器不与支持,所以需要转换成HTTP支持的格式。我写了一个Perl脚本完成这个工作.                脚本内容如下:                # cd /home/svn/project/conf/                # cat PtoWP.pl                 #!/usr/bin/perl                # write by huabo, 2009-11-20                                use warnings;                use strict;                                #open the svn passwd file                open (FILE, "passwd") or die ("Cannot open the passwd file!!!/n");                                #clear the apache passwd file                open (OUT_FILE, ">webpasswd") or die ("Cannot open the webpasswd file!!!/n");                close (OUT_FILE);                                #begin                foreach (<FILE>) {                    if($_ =~ m/^[^#].*=/) {                        $_ =~ s/=//;                        `htpasswd -b webpasswd $_`;                    }                }                # ./PtoWP.pl ( 先给该脚本加可执行权限,然后执行以转换密码 )                Adding password for user pm                Adding password for user server_group                Adding password for user client_group                Adding password for user test_group                现在目录下会多一个webpasswd文件。        2,修改httpd.conf,添加关于SVN服务器的内容                编辑/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf,在最后添加如下信息:                <Location /project>                    DAV svn                    SVNPath /home/svn/project/                    AuthType Basic                    AuthName "svn for project"                     AuthUserFile /home/svn/project/conf/webpasswd                     AuthzSVNAccessFile /home/svn/project/conf/authz                    Satisfy all                    Require valid-user                </Location>        3,启动HTTPD服务器                # service httpd restart                Stopping httpd:                                            [FAILED]                Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]        4,用浏览器访问http://192.168.60.10/project/server/测试                测试结果如下图所示:                ( 测试成功 )四,配置邮件提醒支持        1,安装Perl模块Module::Build                # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/D/DA/DAGOLDEN/Module-Build-0.36_11.tar.gz                # tar xvf Module-Build-0.36_11.tar.gz                 # cd Module-Build-0.36_11                # perl Build.PL                 # ./Build                 # ./Build test                # ./Build install                # cd ..        2,安装Perl模块Authen::SASL                # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/G/GB/GBARR/Authen-SASL-2.15.tar.gz                # tar xvf Authen-SASL-2.15.tar.gz                 # cd Authen-SASL-2.15                # perl Makefile.PL                 # make test                # make install                # cd ..        3,安装Perl模块Net::SMTP_auth                # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/A/AP/APLEINER/Net-SMTP_auth-0.08.tar.gz                # tar xvf Net-SMTP_auth-0.08.tar.gz                 # cd Net-SMTP_auth-0.08                # perl Makefile.PL                 # make test                # make install                # cd ..        4,安装Perl模块SVN::Notify                # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/D/DW/DWHEELER/SVN-Notify-2.80.tar.gz                # tar xvf SVN-Notify-2.80.tar.gz                 # cd SVN-Notify-2.80                # perl Build.PL                 # ./Build                 # ./Build test                # ./Build install                # cd ..        5,启动邮件服务器                # service sendmail restart                Shutting down sendmail:                                    [FAILED]                Starting sendmail:                                         [  OK  ]                Starting sm-client:                                        [  OK  ]        6,配置自动发邮件脚本                修改post-commit脚本,以支持邮件通知功能.                # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/                # vim post-commit                内容如下:                #!/bin/sh                REPOS="$1"                REV="$2"                                /usr/bin/svnnotify --repos-path "$1" --revision "$2" --to caodaijun@pica.com --from caodaijun@feinno.com --handler "HTML::ColorDiff"  --with-diff --smtp localhost --smtp-user root --smtp-pass 5201314318 -c "UTF-8" -g zh_CN -o raw --svnlook /usr/bin/svnlook --subject-prefix '[SVN Update]'                (to参数代表接收邮件的地址,可以有多个,当你有多个老大的时候,这就很重要了,:)。from参数是虚拟的,代表你的发送地址,一般情况下,这个参数 不重要,但如果接收者的邮件服务器有反垃圾邮件的功能,需要判定源地址的话,这个参数是否合法就显得很重要了)                再给该脚本添加可执行权限                # chmod +x post-commit        7,再次提交时,就会给指定邮件地址发信了。                如下图所示:五,其它常用配置         1,强制写log脚本                配置pre-commit文件,要求用户每次更新文件都必须写log.                # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/                # vim pre-commit                文件内容如下:                #!/bin/sh                REPOS="$1"                TXN="$2"                SVNLOOK=/usr/bin/svnlook                LOGMSG=`$SVNLOOK log -t "$TXN" "$REPOS" | grep "[a-zA-Z0-9]" | wc -c`                if [ "$LOGMSG" -lt 5(要求的log长度,依实际需要修改) ];                then                 echo -e "/nEmpty log message not allowed. Commit aborted!" 1>&2                 exit 1                fi                配置完成后,给本件加上可执行权限。再提交代码时,就必须按要求写注释了,:)        2,可修改log脚本                配置pre-revprop-change文件,此文件在show log中修改log时会运行,得到修改的权限,否则会报错:DAV request failed; it's possible that the repository's pre-revprop-change hook either failed or is non-existent. At least one property change failed; repository is unchanged                # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/                # vim pre-revprop-change                文件内容如下:                REPOS="$1"                REV="$2"                USER="$3"                PROPNAME="$4"                if ["$PROPNAME" = "svn:log"];then exit 0;fi                exit 1                配置完后加可执行权限升效。六,备份管理        svn服务器的定期备份是很重要的,最简单的方式是定时备份仓库目录。        1,新建备份目录                # mkdir /opt/project_backup        2,编写备份脚本                # cd /home/svn/                # vim project_backup.sh                内容如下:                #!/bin/bash                #write by huabo, 2009-11-20                                cd /home/svn                now=`/bin/date +%Y%m%d`                /bin/tar czvf "project_backup_$now.tar.gz" project/ && rm -rf /opt/project_backup/* && /bin/mv project_backup_*.tar.gz /opt/project_backup/                if [ $? == 0 ]                then                    result="OK!!"                else                    result="False!!"                fi                                #send mail to administrator                /bin/mail caodaijun@pica.com -s "project_backup_$now" <<MESSAGE                Result: `/bin/echo $result`                MESSAGE                给该脚本添加可执行权限。        3,设定每天定时执行该脚本.                # crontab -e                输入如下内容:                0 23 * * * /home/svn/project_backup.sh                表示每天晚上23点运行此脚本。        经过以上三步操作,就可以自动备份SVN资料了,且不论备份是否成功,都会给用户发送邮件信息。七,用svnstat分析SVN数据.        1,安装java        svnstat是JAVA应用程序,需要先安装JAVA环境。        下载jre,URL: http://javadl.sun.com/webapps/download/AutoDL?BundleId=39484        安装:                # chmod +x jre-6u20-linux-i586-rpm.bin                 # ./jre-6u20-linux-i586-rpm.bin        2,下载svnstat                # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/svnstat/svnstat/Release-1.0/SvnStat-1.0.zip?use_mirror=jaist                # unzip SvnStat-1.0.zip         3,更新代码                # pwd                /root                # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project                A    project/test                A    project/server                A    project/server/main.c                A    project/client                Checked out revision 5.        4,生成svnstat数据                # svn log project -v --xml --non-interactive > project.log                # cd SvnStat-1.0                # java -classpath SvnStat-all.jar de.agentlab.svnstat.SvnStat -jar SvnStat-all.jar -r /root/project.log -d /var/www/html/        5,用浏览器登录即可看到许多统计出来的图表。大致如下图所示:(俺的测试代码很少,生成的图不成样子,拿官方的图来充当一下,:))八,用statsvn分析SVN数据        1,下载statsvn                # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/statsvn/statsvn/0.7.0/statsvn-0.7.0.zip?use_mirror=jaist                # unzip statsvn-0.7.0.zip                 # cd statsvn-0.7.0        2,生成statsvn数据                # mkdir /var/www/html/statsvn                # java -jar statsvn.jar -verbose -output-dir /var/www/html/statsvn/ /root/project.log /root/project        3,用浏览器测测试效果如下图:九,配置codestriker.        1.安装codestriker依赖的perl包.                # perl -MCPAN -e 'install "Template"'                2.下载codestriker                # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/codestriker/codestriker/1.9.10/codestriker-1.9.10.tar.gz?use_mirror=jaist&ts=1279246587                # mkdir /var/www/codestriker                # cd /var/www/codestriker                # tar xvf /path/codestriker-1.9.10.tar.gz                 # chown -R apache.apache codestriker-1.9.10                        3.配置数据库                # service mysqld restart                # mysql -uroot mysql                    执行:                        CREATE DATABASE codestrikerdb CHARACTER SET utf8;                        GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,INDEX,ALTER,CREATE,DROP,REFERENCES ON codestrikerdb.* TO codestriker@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'cspasswd';                        FLUSH PRIVILEGES;                        quit                4.配置codestriker                # cd codestriker-1.9.10/                # vim codestriker.conf                    注意以下几点(详细可查看codestriker的安装文档)                    a.数据库的用户名密码要配对                    b.svn的数据仓库要配对,我的如下:                         @valid_repositories =                             (                              'svn:file:///home/svn/project',                             )                5.执行codestriker的安装脚本                # cd bin/                # ./install.pl                6.配置http支持                # vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf                    在最后面加上如下内容:                        Alias /codestriker/  /var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/cgi-bin/                        Alias /codestrikerhtml/  /var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/html/                                                <Directory "/var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/cgi-bin/">                           SetHandler perl-script                           PerlHandler ModPerl::Registry                           Options +ExecCGI                        </Directory>                                                <Directory "/var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/html/">                           AllowOverride None                           Allow from all                        </Directory>                7.重启HTTP服务器                # service httpd restart                 8.在浏览器中输入http://192.168.60.10/codestriker/codestriker.pl即可访问,如下图:
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