CentOS 6.5下安装KVM
2024-06-28 16:03:07
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一、检查CPU是否支持虚拟化。（在主板BIOS中开启CPU的VirtualizationTechnology）# grep -E -o 'vmx|svm' /PRoc/cpuinfovmx二、基础环境配置1.安装KVM软件包# yum -y groupinstall 'Virtualization' 'Virtualization Client' 'Virtualization Platform' 'Virtualization Tools'查看模块# lsmod | grep kvmkvm_intel 53484 6kvm 316506 1 kvm_intel2.网卡桥接配置2.1 如果启用了NetworkManager，最好关闭该服务，因为该服务与network有冲突。chkconfig NetworkManager offservice NetworkManager stop2.2 关闭 selinux 并重启系统# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinuxSELINUX=disabled2.3 编辑网卡# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0DEVICE=eth0TYPE=EthernetONBOOT=yesBOOTPROTO=noneBRIDGE=br0# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0DEVICE=br0TYPE=BridgeONBOOT=yesBOOTPROTO=noneIPADDR=192.168.200.15NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=192.168.200.1DNS1=202.106.0.202.4 重启服务器reboot2.5 查看网络# brctl showbridge name bridge idSTP enabledinterfacesbr0 8000.ac4e914d0aa2noeth0virbr0 8000.5254004d5befyesvirbr0-nic2.6 检查ip转发是否开启# cat /etc/sysctl.conf |grep ip_forwardnet.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 3.创建虚拟机3.1 创建磁盘镜像文件，文件格式qcow2格式是kvm支持的标准格式，raw格式为虚拟磁盘文件通用格式。创建文件名win2008r2.qcow2的磁盘镜像文件名，文件格式为qcow2,磁盘大小为100G# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /kvm/pjgl/win2008r2.qcow2 100G查看磁盘镜像文件信息 # qemu-img info /kvm/pjgl/win2008r2.qcow23.2 创建虚拟机配置文件<!--WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using: virsh edit win2008r2or other application using the libvirt API.--><domain type='kvm'> <name>win2008r2</name> <uuid>7b6f172b-7a03-c629-f6cb-4127bdbdfb51</uuid> <memory unit='KiB'>2097152</memory> <currentMemory unit='KiB'>2097152</currentMemory> <vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu> <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='rhel6.6.0'>hvm</type> <boot dev='cdrom'/> <boot dev='hd'/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <clock offset='localtime'> <timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/> </clock> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>restart</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2' cache='writeback'/> <source file='/kvm/win2008r2/win2008r2.qcow2'/> <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/> </disk> <disk type='file' device='cdrom'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/iso/Windows_2008R2_64-bit.ISO'/> <target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/> <readonly/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' target='0' unit='0'/> </disk> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x7'/> </controller> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'> <master startport='0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/> </controller> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'> <master startport='2'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x1'/> </controller> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'> <master startport='4'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x2'/> </controller> <controller type='ide' index='0'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/> </controller> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='52:54:00:b3:c6:d3'/> <source bridge='br0'/> <model type='e1000'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> </interface> <serial type='pty'> <target port='0'/> </serial> <console type='pty'> <target type='serial' port='0'/> </console> <input type='tablet' bus='usb'/> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='vnc' port='5903' autoport='no' listen='0.0.0.0'> <listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/> </graphics> <video> <model type='vga' vram='9216' heads='1'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/> </video> <memballoon model='virtio'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/> </memballoon> </devices></domain>将上面的内容复制到win2008r2.xml文件后，根据情况修改系统名称、UUID、MAC地址、光盘镜像的路径、磁盘镜像的路径等。3.3 启动虚拟机# virsh# define /kvm/pjgl/win2008r2.xml# list --all# start win2008r23.4 配置防火墙策略防火墙缺省是不允许连接这些端口的，使用下列步骤配置防火墙，允许VNC客户端连接VNC server。# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables 1) 找到下面的语句：-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited在此行之前，加上下面的内容：-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 5900:5920 -j ACCEPT #允许其它机器访问本机的5900到5903端口2) 然后使用root身份重新启动防火墙：# service iptables restart3) 设置开机自动启动# chkconfig iptables on3.5 使用TightVNC Viewer客户端，进入系统UI界面安装操作系统，并进行配置即可。
