详解webpack + react + react-router 如何实现懒加载

2024-05-06 16:41:02

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在 Webpack 1 中主要是由bundle-loader进行懒加载，而 Webpack 2 中引入了类似于 SystemJS 的System.import语法，首先我们对于System.import的执行流程进行简单阐述：

Webpack 会在编译过程中扫描代码库时将发现的System.import调用引入的文件及其相关依赖进行单独打包，注意，Webpack 会保证这些独立模块及其依赖不会与主应用的包体相冲突。
当我们访问到这些独立打包的组件模块时，Webpack 会发起 JSONP 请求来抓取相关的包体。
System.import 同样也是 Promise，在请求完成之后System.import会将抓取到的模块作为参数传入then中的回调函数。
如果我们重复访问已经加载完毕的模块，Webpack 不会重复执行抓取与解析的过程。

而 React Router 路由的懒加载实际上分为动态路由与与懒加载两步，典型的所谓动态路由配置如下：

/** * <Route path="/" component={Core}> *  <IndexRoute component={Home}/> *  <Route path="about" component={About}/> *  <Route path="users" component={Users}> *  <Route path="*" component={Home}/> * </Route> */export default { path: '/',  component: Core, indexRoute: {   getComponent(location, cb) {    ...  }, }, childRoutes: [  {   path: 'about',    getComponent(location, cb) {    ...   },  },  {   path: 'users',    getComponent(location, cb) {    ...   },  },  {   path: '*',    getComponent(location, cb) {    ...   },  }, ],};

正常打包

import IndexPage from './views/app.jsx'import AboutPage from './views/about.jsx'export default function({history}) {  return (    <Router history={history}>      <Route path="/" component={IndexPage} />      <Route path="/about" component={AboutPage} />    </Router>  )}

这是一个正常打包的路由写法, 如果需要分割代码, 我们需要改造下路由, 借助getComponent和require.ensure

webpack 代码分割

export default function({history}) {  return (    <Router history={history}>      <Route path="/" getComponent={(location, callback) => {        require.ensure([], function(require) {          callback(null, require('./HomePage.jsx'))        })      }} />      <Route path="/about" getComponent={(location, callback) => {        require.ensure([], function(require) {          callback(null, require('./AboutPage.jsx'))        })      }} />    </Router>  )}

这样看来代码有点累, 我们稍微改造下

const home = (location, callback) => { require.ensure([], require => {  callback(null, require('./HomePage.jsx')) }, 'home')}const about = (location, callback) => { require.ensure([], require => {  callback(null, require('./AboutPage.jsx')) }, 'about')}export default function({history}) {  return (    <Router history={history}>      <Route path="/" getComponent={home}></Route>      <Route path="/about" getComponent={about}></Route>    </Router>  )}

这样看起来是不是简洁了很多

注意: 由于webpack的原因, 如果直接require('./AboutPage.jsx')不能正常加载, 请尝试require('./AboutPage.jsx').default

webpack2 代码分割

上面的代码看起来好像都是webpack1的写法, 那么webpack2呢?

webpac2就需要借助System.import了

export default function({history}) {  return (    <Router history={history}>      <Route path="/" getComponent={(location, callback) => {        System.import('./HomePage.jsx').then(component => {          callback(null, component.default || component)        })      }} />      <Route path="/about" getComponent={(location, callback) => {        System.import('./AboutPage.jsx').then(component => {          callback(null, component.default || component)        })      }} />    </Router>  )}

我们一样可以把上面的代码优化一下

const home = (location, callback) => {  System.import('./HomePage.jsx').then(component => {    callback(null, component.default || component)  })}const about = (location, callback) => {  System.import('./AboutPage.jsx').then(component => {    callback(null, component.default || component)  })}export default ({ history }) => {  return (    <Router history={history}>      <Route name="home" path="/" getComponent={home} />      <Route name="about" path="/about" getComponent={about} />    </Router>  )}

webpack2 + dva 实现路由和 models 懒加载

const routerThen = (app, callback, [component, model]) => {  app.model(model.default || model)  callback(null, component.default || component)}export default ({ history, app }) => {  return (    <Router history={history}>      <Route name="home" path="/" getComponent={(location, callback) => {        Promise.all([          System.import('./views/app.jsx'),          System.import('./models/topics')        ]).then(routerThen.bind(null, app, callback))      }} />      <Route name="article" path="/article/:id" getComponent={(location, callback) => {        Promise.all([          System.import('./views/article.jsx'),          System.import('./models/topic')        ]).then(routerThen.bind(null, app, callback))      }} />    </Router>  )}

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注：相关教程知识阅读请移步到JavaScript/Ajax教程频道。

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