Laravel 的 Eloquent ORM 提供了漂亮、简洁的 ActiveRecord 实现来和数据库的互动。 每个数据库表会和一个对应的「模型」互动。在开始之前,记得把 config/database.php 里的数据库连接配置好。
我们来生成第一个模型
复制代码代码如下:
php artisan make:model Article
#输出
Model created successfully.
Created Migration: 2015_03_28_062517_create_articles_table
查看一下生成的文件 app/Article.php
- <?php namespace App;
- use Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model;
- class Article extends Model {
- //
- }
没什么特别的,除了继承自 Model 以外,但是具有强大的功能,这些都封装在laravel的Model中。模型自动具有了 save() update() findXXX() 等强大的功能。
tinker 是 laravel提供的命令行工具,可以和项目进行交互。
- php artisan tinker
- #以下是在tinker中的交互输入
- Psy Shell v0.4.1 (PHP 5.4.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman
- >>> $name = 'zhang jinglin';
- => "zhang jinglin"
- >>> $name
- => "zhang jinglin"
- >>> $article = new App/Article;
- => <App/Article #000000005c4b7ee400000000ab91a676> {}
- >>> $article->title = 'My First Article';
- => "My First Article"
- >>> $article->body = 'Some content...';
- => "Some content..."
- >>> $article->published_at = Carbon/Carbon::now();
- => <Carbon/Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
- date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
- timezone_type: 3,
- timezone: "UTC"
- }
- >>> $article;
- => <App/Article #000000005c4b7ee400000000ab91a676> {
- title: "My First Article",
- body: "Some content...",
- published_at: <Carbon/Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
- date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
- timezone_type: 3,
- timezone: "UTC"
- }
- }
- >>> $article->toArray();
- => [
- "title" => "My First Article",
- "body" => "Some content...",
- "published_at" => <Carbon/Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
- date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
- timezone_type: 3,
- timezone: "UTC"
- }
- ]
- >>> $article->save();
- => true
- #查看数据结果,添加了一条记录
- >>> App/Article::all()->toArray();
- => [
- [
- "id" => "1",
- "title" => "My First Article",
- "body" => "Some content...",
- "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
- "created_at" => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
- "updated_at" => "2015-03-28 06:38:53"
- ]
- ]
- >>> $article->title = 'My First Update Title';
- => "My First Update Title"
- >>> $article->save();
- => true
- >>> App/Article::all()->toArray();
- => [
- [
- "id" => "1",
- "title" => "My First Update Title",
- "body" => "Some content...",
- "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
- "created_at" => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
- "updated_at" => "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
- ]
- ]
- >>> $article = App/Article::find(1);
- => <App/Article #000000005c4b7e1600000000ab91a676> {
- id: "1",
- title: "My First Update Title",
- body: "Some content...",
- published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
- created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
- updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
- }
- >>> $article = App/Article::where('body', 'Some content...')->get();
- => <Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Collection #000000005c4b7e1800000000ab91a676> [
- <App/Article #000000005c4b7e1b00000000ab91a676> {
- id: "1",
- title: "My First Update Title",
- body: "Some content...",
- published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
- created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
- updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
- }
- ]
- >>> $article = App/Article::where('body', 'Some content...')->first();
- => <App/Article #000000005c4b7e1900000000ab91a676> {
- id: "1",
- title: "My First Update Title",
- body: "Some content...",
- published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
- created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
- updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
- }
- >>>
- >>> $article = App/Article::create(['title' => 'New Article', 'body' => 'New body', 'published_at' => Carbon/Carbon::now()]);
- Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/MassAssignmentException with message 'title'
MassAssignmentException,laravel保护我们不能直接插入记录。比如,在一些特殊情况下我们需要直接利用表单的信息填充数据库记录,但是如果我们并没有在表单中添加密码字段,而黑客产生了密码字段连同我们的其他字段一起送回服务器,这将产生修改密码的危险,所以我们必须明确的告诉laravel我们的模型那些字段是可以直接填充的。
修改我们的模型文件 Article.php
- <?php namespace App;
- use Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model;
- class Article extends Model {
- protected $fillable = [
- 'title',
- 'body',
- 'published_at'
- ];
- }
表示,title, body, published_at 是可以直接填充的。
退出 tinker,重新进入
- >>> $article = App/Article::create(['title' => 'New Article', 'body' => 'New body', 'published_at' => Carbon/Carbon::now()]);
- => <App/Article #000000005051b2c7000000007ec432dd> {
- title: "New Article",
- body: "New body",
- published_at: <Carbon/Carbon #000000005051b2c6000000007ec4081d> {
- date: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
- timezone_type: 3,
- timezone: "UTC"
- },
- updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
- created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
- id: 2
- }
- # It's ok
- >>> App/Article::all()->toArray();
- => [
- [
- "id" => "1",
- "title" => "My First Update Title",
- "body" => "Some content...",
- "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
- "created_at" => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
- "updated_at" => "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
- ],
- [
- "id" => "2",
- "title" => "New Article",
- "body" => "New body",
- "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
- "created_at" => "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
- "updated_at" => "2015-03-28 06:55:19"
- ]
- ]
- >>> $article = App/Article::find(2);
- => <App/Article #000000005051b22b000000007ec432dd> {
- id: "2",
- title: "New Article",
- body: "New body",
- published_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
- created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
- updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19"
- }
- >>> $article->update(['body' => 'New Updaet Body']);
- => true
- #update自动调用save()
以上所述就是本文的全部内容了,希望能够对大家学习Laravel5框架有所帮助。
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