Spring MVC 框架搭建配置方法及详解

<!-- Spring MVC配置 --><!-- ====================================== --><servlet>   <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>   <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>   <!-- 可以自定义servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名称，默认为WEB-INF目录下，名称为[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml，如spring-servlet.xml   <init-param>     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>     <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value> 默认   </init-param>   -->  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>   <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>   <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>     <!-- Spring配置 --><!-- ====================================== --><listener>   <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener>    <!-- 指定Spring Bean的配置文件所在目录。默认配置在WEB-INF目录下 --><context-param>   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>   <param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context <A href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd</A>">    <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 -->  <context:annotation-config />    <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包 -->  <context:component-scan base-package="controller"></context:component-scan>    <!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />    <!-- 对转向页面的路径解析。prefix：前缀， suffix：后缀 -->  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp" /> </beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xsi:schemaLocation="       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">    <!-- 采用hibernate.cfg.xml方式配置数据源 -->  <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     <property name="configLocation">       <value>classpath:config/hibernate.cfg.xml</value>     </property>   </bean>      <!-- 将事务与Hibernate关联 -->  <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">     <property name="sessionFactory">       <ref local="sessionFactory"/>     </property>   </bean>      <!-- 事务（注解 ）-->  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true"/>    <!-- 测试Service -->  <bean id="loginService" class="service.LoginService"></bean>    <!-- 测试Dao -->  <bean id="hibernateDao" class="dao.HibernateDao">     <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>   </bean> </beans>

package controller;  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;  import entity.User;  @Controller //类似Struts的Action public class TestController {    @RequestMapping("test/login.do") // 请求url地址映射，类似Struts的action-mapping   public String testLogin(@RequestParam(value="username")String username, String password, HttpServletRequest request) {     // @RequestParam是指请求url地址映射中必须含有的参数(除非属性required=false)     // @RequestParam可简写为：@RequestParam("username")      if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password)) {       return "loginError"; // 跳转页面路径（默认为转发），该路径不需要包含spring-servlet配置文件中配置的前缀和后缀     }     return "loginSuccess";   }    @RequestMapping("/test/login2.do")   public ModelAndView testLogin2(String username, String password, int age){     // request和response不必非要出现在方法中，如果用不上的话可以去掉     // 参数的名称是与页面控件的name相匹配，参数类型会自动被转换          if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password) || age < 5) {       return new ModelAndView("loginError"); // 手动实例化ModelAndView完成跳转页面（转发），效果等同于上面的方法返回字符串     }     return new ModelAndView(new RedirectView("../index.jsp")); // 采用重定向方式跳转页面     // 重定向还有一种简单写法     // return new ModelAndView("redirect:../index.jsp");   }    @RequestMapping("/test/login3.do")   public ModelAndView testLogin3(User user) {     // 同样支持参数为表单对象，类似于Struts的ActionForm，User不需要任何配置，直接写即可     String username = user.getUsername();     String password = user.getPassword();     int age = user.getAge();          if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password) || age < 5) {       return new ModelAndView("loginError");     }     return new ModelAndView("loginSuccess");   }    @Resource(name = "loginService") // 获取applicationContext.xml中bean的id为loginService的，并注入   private LoginService loginService; //等价于spring传统注入方式写get和set方法，这样的好处是简洁工整，省去了不必要得代码    @RequestMapping("/test/login4.do")   public String testLogin4(User user) {     if (loginService.login(user) == false) {       return "loginError";     }     return "loginSuccess";   } }

package controller;  import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;  @Controller@RequestMapping("/test2/login.do") // 指定唯一一个*.do请求关联到该Controller public class TestController2 {      @RequestMapping  public String testLogin(String username, String password, int age) {     // 如果不加任何参数，则在请求/test2/login.do时，便默认执行该方法          if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password) || age < 5) {       return "loginError";     }     return "loginSuccess";   }    @RequestMapping(params = "method=1", method=RequestMethod.POST)   public String testLogin2(String username, String password) {     // 依据params的参数method的值来区分不同的调用方法     // 可以指定页面请求方式的类型，默认为get请求          if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password)) {       return "loginError";     }     return "loginSuccess";   }      @RequestMapping(params = "method=2")   public String testLogin3(String username, String password, int age) {     if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password) || age < 5) {       return "loginError";     }     return "loginSuccess";   } }

package controller;  import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  @Controller@RequestMapping("/test3/*") // 父request请求url public class TestController3 {    @RequestMapping("login.do") // 子request请求url，拼接后等价于/test3/login.do   public String testLogin(String username, String password, int age) {     if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password) || age < 5) {       return "loginError";     }     return "loginSuccess";   } }