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教你如何静默安装ORACLE

2020-07-26 14:17:11
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由于本次的实验我是将上次的虚拟机直接拷贝过来,然后将里面图形化界面安装好了的oracle给删除,再次重新安装,所以这里要修改一些配置。

首先修改的是我们的IP地址

# system-config-network

完成后我们修改一下hosts文件,将里面的ip地址给修改一下

# vi /etc/hosts

接着我们删除上次安装过的ORACLE文件

# cd $ORACLE_BASE# ls# rm -rf *

进入root:rm -rf /etc/ora*
还是在安装前进行配置。
接下来进行静默安装。首先我们先要创建一个相应文件,这个文件里记录了我们oracle安装的所有过程

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/database/response$ cp enterprise.rsp /u01$ vi /u01/enterprise.rsp

修改一下内容:

35 UNIX_GROUP_NAME=/"oinstall/" 62 ORACLE_HOME=/"/u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/" 70 ORACLE_HOME_NAME=/"OraDbHome1/" 351 COMPONENT_LANGUAGES={/"en,zh_CN/"} 384 s_nameForDBAGrp=/"dba/" 392 s_nameForOPERGrp=/"oper/" 422 n_configurationOption=3

开始安装:

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/database$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /u01/enterprise.rsp

安装完成后执行以下脚本

$ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh$ORACLE_HOME/root.sh

执行完脚本以后使用:sqlplus / as sysdba即可知道oracle的版本为:10.2.0.1.0
静默升级数据库

$ cp /u01/Disk1/response/patchset.rsp /u01vi /u01/patchset.rsp编辑如下行:  45 UNIX_GROUP_NAME=/"oinstall/"  87 ORACLE_HOME=/"/u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/"  99 ORACLE_HOME_NAME=/"OraDbHome1/"  533 MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=/"zhaoming@sina.com/"  542 MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=/"b/"  603 DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

进行安装升级的补丁

$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /u01/patchset.rsp

升级成功

$ sqlplus / as sysdba;Connected to:Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

 接下来进行手工建库

$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora写入以下内容:compatible=10.2.0.5instance_name=orcldb_name=orclsga_target=500Msga_max_size=500Mjob_queue_processes=10undo_management=autoundo_tablespace=undotbsaudit_file_dest=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/adumpbackground_dump_dest=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/bdumpcore_dump_dest=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/cdumpuser_dump_dest=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/udumpcontrol_files=/'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl/',/'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl/'保存退出

 创建跟踪目录:

mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/{a,b,c,u}dump

创建控制文件的位置

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/

  启动到实例:

sqlplus / as sysdbacreate spfile from pfile;startup nomount

 接下来进行创建数据库
 vi createdb.sql写入如下内容:

CREATE DATABASE orcl  USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY a  ---这里需要修改你的密码  USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY a  LOGFILE GROUP 1 (/'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log/') SIZE 50M,      GROUP 2 (/'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log/') SIZE 50M,      GROUP 3 (/'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log/') SIZE 50M  MAXLOGFILES 5  MAXLOGMEMBERS 5  MAXLOGHISTORY 1  MAXDATAFILES 100  MAXINSTANCES 1  CHARACTER SET utf8  NATIONAL CHARACTER SET utf8  DATAFILE /'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf/' SIZE 325M REUSE  EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL  SYSAUX DATAFILE /'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf/' SIZE 325M REUSE  DEFAULT TABLESPACE users datafile /'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf/' size 200M  DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp   TEMPFILE /'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf/'   SIZE 20M REUSE  UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs   DATAFILE /'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf/'   SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED/

 然后在sql中引用到这些脚本

sql> get /u01/create.sql  ---解释一下get的作用:就是引用操作系统目录下的任意一个文件引入到sql中来。sql> .........sql>/

-----执行完这些脚本语句之后就会在相应的位置产生控制文件、数据文件、日志文件等----
 接着执行

sql>desc dba_tablesERROR:ORA-04043: object dba_tables does not exist

----解释一下:这里查询的是数据字典,我们这里只不过建好了数据库,并没有将数据库相关的视图、表、索引、数据字典等建好。----
 所以我们呢要来建这些视图、表、索引了。

$ cd /u01vi jb.sql写入如下内容:@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql ----catalog.sql:创建数据字典@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql  ----catproc.sql:安装ORACLE自定义的包conn system/a@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql  ----pupbld.sql:屏蔽sqlplus错误

 接着在数据库中执行这段脚本:

sql>@/u01/jb.sql

---这里解释一下:@:可以执行操作系统下的某个脚本中sql语句

 紧接着就是漫长的等待,估计20多分钟吧。

 执行完成后,你会看到很多什么表啊视图什么的,does not exist。不用管他,这是创建数据字典时候先去查询这些表存不存在。当然不存在啊,因为都还没创建,所以自然会报错。

sql>desc dba_tables

 完了后这个时候就有内容了。

sql> select count(*) from dba_tables

 接下来我们进行OEM的安装,安装之前我们先将补丁给补上。补丁我们也是采用禁默安装。补丁:

p8350262_10205_Generic.zip

 将补丁上传到目录:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/  解压缩:
$ unzip p8350262_10205_Generic.zip
 得到一个目录为:8350262
 打补丁:

$ emctl stop dbconsole$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch$ ./opatch apply 8350262

 补丁安装上去之后

$ lsnrctl status 显示: No Listener

 然后我们做:

$ cd /u01/database/response/$ cp netca.rsp /u01$ netca /silent /responseFile /u01/netca.rsp

 安装完监听器后我们进入sqlplus去将数据库注册到这个监听器上。

$ sqlplus / as sysdba;sqlplus>alter system register

 监听器安装完成后我们进行安装资料库

SQL> select username from dba_users where username=/'SYSMAN/';     no rows selected

 执行安装资料库命令:

$ emca -repos create STARTED EMCA at Mar 30, 2013 9:57:23 AMEM Configuration Assistant, Version 10.2.0.1.0 ProductionCopyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Enter the following information:Database SID: orclListener port number: 1521Password for SYS user: Password for SYSMAN user: Password for SYSMAN user: Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: YMar 30, 2013 9:58:28 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig performINFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/emca/orcl/emca_2013-03-30_09-57-2-AM.log.Mar 30, 2013 9:58:28 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig createRepositoryINFO: Creating the EM repository (this may take a while) ...Mar 30, 2013 10:00:42 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invokeINFO: Repository successfully createdEnterprise Manager configuration completed successfullyFINISHED EMCA at Mar 30, 2013 10:00:42 AM

 资料库安装完成后我们进行安装控制台:

$ emca -config dbcontrol dbSTARTED EMCA at Mar 30, 2013 10:01:47 AMEM Configuration Assistant, Version 10.2.0.1.0 ProductionCopyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Enter the following information:Database SID: orclListener port number: 1521Password for SYS user: Password for DBSNMP user: Password for SYSMAN user: Invalid username/password.Password for SYSMAN user: Email address for notifications (optional): Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications (optional): -----------------------------------------------------------------You have specified the following settingsDatabase ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1Database hostname ................ hndxListener port number ................ 1521Database SID ................ orclEmail address for notifications ............... Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications ............... -----------------------------------------------------------------Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: YMar 30, 2013 10:02:42 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig performINFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/emca/orcl/emca_2013-03-30_10-01-4-AM.log.Mar 30, 2013 10:02:48 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil startOMSINFO: Starting Database Control (this may take a while) ...Mar 30, 2013 10:04:24 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfigurationINFO: Database Control started successfullyMar 30, 2013 10:04:24 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfigurationINFO: >>>>>>>>>>> The Database Control URL is http://hndx:1158/em <<<<<<<<<<<Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfullyFINISHED EMCA at Mar 30, 2013 10:04:24 AM

 马上就大功告成了
$ firefox http://hndx:1158/em    --如果报错:用户名密码错误,请先创建口令文件:
 创建口令文件:

orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl password=xxxxx---用户名自己定义

 是不是看到火狐浏览器的界面很亲切呢。这里估计还会有错误,就是要添加证书,进入后添加点击下面的添加就好了。

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