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CentOS自动化安装实战

2020-05-27 12:53:50
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   定制自动化安装盘

  # 安装所需要的软件包:

  代码如下:

  yum -y install createrepo mkisofs isomd5sum

  # 生成精简后的rpm列表

  代码如下:

  awk /安装/{print $2} install.log |sed s/^[0-9]*://g >/root/packages.list //我的是中文环境具体看log里是什么

  # 约束目录结构

  代码如下:

  mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom

  mkdir -p /data/OS

  mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

  rsync –a --exclude=Packages /mnt/cdrom/* /data/OS

  mkdir /data/OS/Packages

  # 将精简后的rpm文件 拷贝到新的系统目录里

  # 拷贝到新的系统目录方法很多,这里省事儿就用了替换命令 但是结果都一样啊 呵呵

  复制代码

  代码如下:

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/setup-2.8.14-20.el6.noarch

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/filesystem-2.4.30-3.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/xml-common-0.6.3-32.el6.noarch

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/cjkuni-fonts-common-0.2.20080216.1-35.el6.noarch

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/iso-codes-3.16-2.el6.noarch

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/basesystem-10.0-4.el6.noarch

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/dmz-cursor-themes-0.4-4.el6.noarch

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/libX11-common-1.5.0-4.el6.noarch

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ca-certificates-2010.63-3.el6_1.5.noarch

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ncurses-base-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/tzdata-2012j-1.el6.noarch

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/nss-softokn-freebl-3.12.9-11.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ncurses-libs-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/bash-4.1.2-14.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/libattr-2.4.44-7.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/libcap-2.16-5.5.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/zlib-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/dbus-libs-1.2.24-7.el6_3.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/info-4.13a-8.el6.x86_64

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/libxml2-2.7.6-8.el6_3.4.x86_64

  :%s/^/cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages//g

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/cjkuni-uming-fonts-0.2.20080216.1-35.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/cjkuni-ukai-fonts-0.2.20080216.1-35.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/man-pages-3.22-20.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/words-3.0-17.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/centos-indexhtml-6-1.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ql2400-firmware-5.08.00-1.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/iwl5000-firmware-8.83.5.1_1-1.el6_1.1.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ql2100-firmware-1.19.38-3.1.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ivtv-firmware-20080701-20.2.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/libertas-usb8388-firmware-5.110.22.p23-3.1.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/xorg-x11-drv-ati-firmware-6.99.99-1.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ql2500-firmware-5.08.00-1.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/atmel-firmware-1.3-7.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/zd1211-firmware-1.4-4.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/iwl4965-firmware-228.61.2.24-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/rt61pci-firmware-1.2-7.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/iwl3945-firmware-15.32.2.9-4.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ql2200-firmware-2.02.08-3.1.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/rt73usb-firmware-1.8-7.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ipw2100-firmware-1.3-11.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ql23xx-firmware-3.03.27-3.1.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ipw2200-firmware-3.1-4.el6.noarch.rpm

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/rootfiles-8.1-6.1.el6.noarch.rpm

  :%s/$/.rpm/g

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/cjkuni-uming-fonts-0.2.20080216.1-35.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/cjkuni-ukai-fonts-0.2.20080216.1-35.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/man-pages-3.22-20.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/words-3.0-17.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/centos-indexhtml-6-1.el6.centos.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ql2400-firmware-5.08.00-1.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/iwl5000-firmware-8.83.5.1_1-1.el6_1.1.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ql2100-firmware-1.19.38-3.1.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ivtv-firmware-20080701-20.2.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/libertas-usb8388-firmware-5.110.22.p23-3.1.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/xorg-x11-drv-ati-firmware-6.99.99-1.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ql2500-firmware-5.08.00-1.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/atmel-firmware-1.3-7.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/zd1211-firmware-1.4-4.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/iwl4965-firmware-228.61.2.24-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/rt61pci-firmware-1.2-7.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/iwl3945-firmware-15.32.2.9-4.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ql2200-firmware-2.02.08-3.1.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/rt73usb-firmware-1.8-7.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ipw2100-firmware-1.3-11.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ql23xx-firmware-3.03.27-3.1.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/ipw2200-firmware-3.1-4.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/rootfiles-8.1-6.1.el6.noarch.rpm /data/OS/Packages

  :%s/$/ /data/OS/Packages/g

  # 创建ks.cfg文件 默认安装完系统就会安装所有的定制软件包了

  # 关键字

  代码如下:

  %post --nochroot %post

  [root@test OS]# pwd

  /data/OS

  [root@test OS]# cat ks.cfg

  firewall --disabled

  install

  cdrom

  rootpw --iscrypted $1$stMs72eG$G3f0zhGBjp6/SioZ28CxQ0

  auth --useshadow --passalgo=md5

  text

  firstboot --disable

  keyboard us

  lang en_US.UTF-8

  selinux --disabled

  # Do not configure the X Window System

  skipx

  logging --level=info

  reboot --eject

  timezone Asia/Shanghai

  network --device em1 --bootproto=static --ip=192.168.7.123 --netmask=255.255.248.0 --gateway=192.1s

  bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda

  # Clear the Master Boot Record

  zerombr yes

  # Partition clearing information

  clearpart --all --initlabel

  # Disk partitioning information

  part / --fstype="ext4" --size=10240

  part swap --size=4096

  part /data --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1

  %packages

  @base

  @core

  @server-policy

  sgpio

  device-mapper-persistent-data

  ntp

  %post --nochroot

  mkdir -p /mnt/sysimage/tmp/custom_data >> /tmp/custom.log 2>&1

  cp /mnt/source/Packages/lnmp_pack.tar.gz /mnt/sysimage/tmp/custom_data >> /tmp/custom.log 2>&1

  cp /mnt/source/Packages/install_packages.sh /mnt/sysimage/tmp/custom_data >> /tmp/custom.log 2>&1

  cp /mnt/source/Packages/ncftp-3.2.5-src.tar.gz /mnt/sysimage/tmp/custom_data >>/tmp/custom.log 2>&1

  cp /mnt/source/Packages/rarlinux-3.8.0.tar.gz /mnt/sysimage/tmp/custom_data >>/tmp/custom.log 2>&1

  cp /mnt/source/Packages/nmon_linux_14i.tar.gz /mnt/sysimage/tmp/custom_data >>/tmp/custom.log 2>&1

  %post

  cd /tmp/custom_data >> /tmp/custom.log 2>&1

  chmod +x install_packages.sh

  sh install_packages.sh

  # remove custom_data

  rm -rf /tmp/custom_data

  #vim syntax on

  echo alias vi=vim >> /etc/bashrc

  # disable ipv6

  echo "alias net-pf-10 off" >> /etc/modprobe.d/dist.conf

  echo -e "optionstipv6tdisable=1" >> /etc/modprobe.d/dist.conf

  echo "NETWORKING_IPV6=no" >> /etc/sysconfig/network

  #append lib

  echo "/usr/local/lib/" >> /etc/ld.so.conf

  #modify lang

  echo export LANG=zh_CN.UTF8 >> /etc/profile

  #disable system auto mail

  echo "unset MAILCHECK" >> /etc/profile

  #modify history

  echo export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T `whoami` " >> /etc/profile

  sed -i "s/HISTSIZE=1000/HISTSIZE=999999999/" /etc/profile

  #modifu ssh port on 3389

  echo Port 3389 >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config

  echo UseDNS no >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config

  for i in `ls /etc/rc3.d/S*`

  do

  CURSRV=`echo $i|cut -c 15-`

  chkconfig --level 3 $CURSRV off

  done

  for i in crond rsyslog iptables network ntpd sshd sysstat;do chkconfig --level 3 $i on;done

  sed -i /HOSTNAME=/d /etc/sysconfig/network

  echo HOSTNAME=test >> /etc/sysconfig/network

  # sysctl

  echo "net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.core.rmem_default = 8388608" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.core.rmem_max = 16777216" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.core.somaxconn = 32768" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.core.wmem_default = 8388608" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.core.wmem_max = 16777216" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  echo "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

  /sbin/sysctl -p

  # modify core ulimt

  echo -e "*tsofttnofilet65535" >> /etc/security/limits.conf

  echo -e "*thardtnofilet65535" >> /etc/security/limits.conf

  echo -e "*tsofttnofilet65535" >> /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf

  echo -e "*thardtnofilet65535" >> /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf

  # ntpd

  cat > /etc/sysconfig/clock < /etc/sysconfig/iptables <

  *filter

  #############################################

  # disabled (INPUT,FORWARD,OUTPUT)

  :INPUT DROP

  :FORWARD DROP

  :OUTPUT DROP

  # enabled lo

  -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT

  -A FORWARD -o lo -j ACCEPT

  # enabled em2

  # Be careful of the network adapter name

  -A INPUT -i em2 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -o em2 -j ACCEPT

  -A FORWARD -o em2 -j ACCEPT

  # enabled ping

  -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

  # enabled ntp

  -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 123 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -p udp -m udp --sport 123 -j ACCEPT

  # dns

  -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --sport 53 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT

  -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --sport 53 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT

  #############################################

  #############################################

  # team ssh

  # all

  -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  # suzhouqiao

  -A INPUT -s 118.145.x.xx -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 118.145.x.xx -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A INPUT -s 115.182.x.xx -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 115.182.x.xxx -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  # corporate

  -A INPUT -s 119.253.59.x -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 119.253.xx.1x0 -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A INPUT -s 203.187.xx1.x -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 203.x7.x1.x -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A INPUT -s 211.103.xxs.x0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 211.103.xx.xxx -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A INPUT -s 119.253.x9.xx -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 119.253.xx.xx -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A INPUT -s 119.253.xx.xx2 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 119.253.x.xx -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A INPUT -s 203.187.xx.1xx -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 203.187.1xx.xx -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3389 -j ACCEPT

  #############################################

  #############################################

  # jiankongbao

  -A INPUT -s 60.xx.249.xx -p udp -m udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 60.xx.xx.x3 -p udp -m udp --sport 161 -j ACCEPT

  -A INPUT -s 60.195.252.xx -p udp -m udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 60.195.xx.107 -p udp -m udp --sport 161 -j ACCEPT

  -A INPUT -s 60.195.x.xx -p udp -m udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 60.195.x.1xx -p udp -m udp --sport 161 -j ACCEPT

  -A INPUT -s 125.76.sxx -p udp -m udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT

  -A OUTPUT -d 125.76.xx.xx -p udp -m udp --sport 161 -j ACCEPT

  #############################################

  #############################################

  # project port

  #############################################

  COMMIT

  EOF

  %end

  # 让系统从kickstart配置启动安装

  代码如下:

  [root@test isolinux]# pwd

  /data/OS/isolinux

  [root@test isolinux]# cat isolinux.cfg

  default linux ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg

  prompt 1

  timeout 100

  display boot.msg

  F1 boot.msg

  F2 options.msg

  F3 general.msg

  F4 param.msg

  F5 rescue.msg

  label linux

  kernel vmlinuz

  append initrd=initrd.img

  label text

  kernel vmlinuz

  append initrd=initrd.img text

  label ks

  kernel vmlinuz

  append ks initrd=initrd.img

  label local

  localboot 1

  label memtest86

  kernel memtest

  append -

  # 生成rpm包的依赖关系

  代码如下:

  [root@test ~]# cd /data/OS/

  [root@test OS]# createrepo -g repodata/*-comps.xml /data/OS/

  # 生成iso镜像

  代码如下:

  mkisofs -R -J -T -r -l -d -joliet-long -allow-multidot

  -allow-leading-dots -no-bak -o /data/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-mini.iso

  -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot

  -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table /data/OS

  # 生成MD5校验码 //本人没有执行这条命令原因是如果需要修改iso里的内容会导致光盘无法使用

  代码如下:

  implantisomd5 /data/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-mini.iso

  基于Kisckstart的安装

  安装软件包

  yum -y install createrepo mkisofs

  制作流程

  目录结构

  拷贝CentOS原始镜像内容,不做任何精简

  代码如下:

  mkdir /mnt/centos

  mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/centos

  mkdir /tmp/iso

  cp -r /mnt/centos/* /tmp/iso

  增加Kickstart配置文件

  文件路径和安装方式可自由定义

  代码如下:

  cd /tmp/iso/isolinux

  #修改引导,注意ks=部分

  vi isolinux.cfg

  label linux

  menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system

  menu default

  kernel vmlinuz

  append initrd=initrd.img ks=cdrom:/isolinux/ks.cfg

  #手动增加Kickstart配置文件

  vi ks.cfg

  #Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.

  #version=DEVEL

  #Install OS instead of upgrade

  #表示是安装,而不是升级

  install

  #Use text mode install

  #文本方式安装

  text

  #Use network installation

  #使用网络安装

  #url --url=ftp://ip/centos

  #Local installation Use CDROM installation media

  #使用光盘安装

  cdrom

  #Installation Number configuration

  #如果是RedHat的系统,会要求输入key,这里配置为跳过,如果不配置安装时会停在那里要求用户输入key

  #key –skip

  #System language

  #语言环境

  #lang en_US.UTF-8

  lang zh_CN.UTF-8

  #System keyboard

  #键盘类型

  keyboard us

  #Network information

  #网络配置

  #network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --onboot yes

  #Root password

  #root密码

  rootpw chinaums

  #Firewall configuration

  #禁用防火墙

  firewall --disabled

  #SELinux configuration

  #禁用selinux

  selinux --disabled

  #Run the Setup Agent on first boot

  #禁用第一次启动时设置系统的向导

  firstboot --disable

  #System authorization information

  #用户认证配置,useshadow表示使用本地认证,--passalgo表示密码加密算法

  authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512

  #System timezone

  #设置时区为上海

  timezone --isUtc Asia/Shanghai

  #System bootloader configuration

  #指明bootloader的安装位置,指明驱动器的排序,指明操作系统安装完成之后,向内核传递的参数

  bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet"

  #Clear the Master Boot Record

  #清除MBR引导记录

  zerombr yes

  #Partition clearing information

  #清除硬盘上的所有数据

  clearpart --all --initlabel

  #Disk partitioning information

  #自定义分区

  #创建一个200M大小的分区挂载/boot类型为ext4

  part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=200 --ondisk=sda

  #创建一个20000M大小的SWAP分区

  part swap --size=20000 --ondisk=sda

  #创建/目录

  part / --fstype=ext4 --grow --size=1 --ondisk=sda

  #Reboot after installation

  #设置完成之后重启

  reboot --eject

  #This packages is for CentOS 6.4

  #为CentOS 6.4定制的软件包

  %packages

  @base

  @core

  @chinese-support

  #增加安装后运行脚本

  %post

  #config service

  #自定义服务

  service NetworkManager stop

  chkconfig NetworkManager off

  #eject cdrom

  #安装完成弹出光碟

  #eject

  #reboot

  #执行完毕后重启

  #reboot -f

  #结束自动化部署

  %end

  生成依赖关系和ISO文件

  注意路径和命令的准确性

  代码如下:

  cd /tmp/iso

  createrepo -g repodata/*comps.xml .

  mkisofs -o /tmp/CentOS-6.4_64_auto.iso -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -joliet-long -R -J -v -T /tmp/iso/

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