C++语言数据结构 串的基本操作实例代码

#include<iostream>using namespace std;typedef int Status;#define Max 20#define OK 1#define ERROR 0#define OVERLOE -2typedef struct//堆分配表示串{ char *ch; int length;}HString;//===================================================================Status CreatHString(HString &H)//构造字符串{ H.length = 0; H.ch = (char *)malloc(Max*sizeof(char)); for (int i = 0; i < Max; i++) { H.ch[i]=getchar(); H.length++; if (getchar() == '/n')  break; } return OK;}//CreatHString//===================================================================Status PrintHString(HString H)//输出所输入的字符串{ if (H.length == 0) { cout << "空串！" << endl; return ERROR; } else for (int i = 0; i < H.length; i++)  cout << H.ch[i] << " "; cout << endl; return OK;}//PrintHString//===================================================================Status HStringLength(HString H)//求字符串的长度{ cout << "您输入的字符串长度为：" << endl; cout << H.length << endl; return OK;}//HStringLength//===================================================================Status HStringCompare(HString H, HString T)//求两个字符串长度差（绝对值）{ cout << "两个字符串的长度差为：" << endl; int L; L = H.length - T.length; if (L<0) cout << -L << endl; if (L>=0) cout << L << endl; return OK;}//HStringCompare//===================================================================Status ConcatHString(HString &S, HString H, HString T)//链接H和T{ if (!(S.ch = (char *)malloc((H.length + T.length)*sizeof(char)))) exit(OVERLOE); for (int i = 0; i < H.length; i++) S.ch[i] = H.ch[i]; S.length = H.length + T.length; for (int j = H.length; j < S.length; j++) S.ch[j] = T.ch[j-H.length]; return OK;}//ConcatHString//===================================================================Status SubHString(HString &Sub, HString S, int pos,int len){//用Sub返回串S的第pos个字符起长度为len的子串 if (pos<1 || pos>S.length) { cout << "输入的位置有误！" << endl; return ERROR; } if (len<0 || len>S.length - pos + 1) { cout << "输入的长度有误！" << endl; return ERROR; } if (!len) { Sub.ch == NULL; Sub.length = 0; } else { Sub.ch = (char *)malloc(len*sizeof(char)); for (int i = 0; i < len ; i++)  Sub.ch[i] = S.ch[pos + i - 1]; Sub.length = len; } return OK;}//SubHString//===================================================================Status ClearHString(HString &H)//将H清为空串{ if (H.ch) { free(H.ch); H.ch = NULL; } H.length = 0; return OK;}//ClearHString//===================================================================void main(){ HString S,H,T; cout << "请输入一个字符串（按回车键结束）：" << endl; CreatHString(H); cout << "现在串中的字符为：" << endl; PrintHString(H); HStringLength(H); cout << "请再输入一个字符串（按回车键结束）：" << endl; CreatHString(T); HStringCompare(H, T); ConcatHString(S, H, T); cout << "现在串中的字符为：" << endl; PrintHString(S); HString Sub; int pos, len; cout << "请输入截取位置pos及长度len：" << endl; cin >> pos >> len; SubHString(Sub, S, pos, len); cout << "截取的子串为：" << endl; PrintHString(Sub); ClearHString(S); cout << "检验S清空后是否为空：" << endl; PrintHString(S);}//main