首页 > 系统 > Android > 正文

Android利用Camera实现中轴3D卡牌翻转效果

2020-04-11 11:06:06
字体:
来源:转载
供稿:网友

在Android系统API中,有两个Camera类:

  • android.graphics.Camera
  • android.hardware.Camera

第二个应用于手机硬件中的相机相关的操作,本文讲述的是利用第一个Camera类实现中轴3D转换的卡牌翻转效果,开始之前,先看一下Android系统中的坐标系:

对应于三维坐标系中的三个方向,Camera提供了三种旋转方法:

  • rotateX()
  • rotateY()
  • rotateX()

调用这三种方法,传入旋转角度参数,即可实现视图沿着坐标轴旋转的功能。本文的中轴3D旋转效果就是让视图沿着Y轴旋转的。

系统API Demos中已经为我们提供了一个非常好用的3D旋转动画的工具类:
Rotate3dAnimation.java:

package com.feng.androidtest;import android.graphics.Camera;import android.graphics.Matrix;import android.util.Log;import android.view.animation.Animation;import android.view.animation.Transformation;/** * An animation that rotates the view on the Y axis between two specified angles. * This animation also adds a translation on the Z axis (depth) to improve the effect. */public class Rotate3dAnimation extends Animation { private final float mFromDegrees; private final float mToDegrees; private final float mCenterX; private final float mCenterY; private final float mDepthZ; private final boolean mReverse; private Camera mCamera; /**  * Creates a new 3D rotation on the Y axis. The rotation is defined by its  * start angle and its end angle. Both angles are in degrees. The rotation  * is performed around a center point on the 2D space, definied by a pair  * of X and Y coordinates, called centerX and centerY. When the animation  * starts, a translation on the Z axis (depth) is performed. The length  * of the translation can be specified, as well as whether the translation  * should be reversed in time.  *  * @param fromDegrees the start angle of the 3D rotation  * @param toDegrees the end angle of the 3D rotation  * @param centerX the X center of the 3D rotation  * @param centerY the Y center of the 3D rotation  * @param reverse true if the translation should be reversed, false otherwise  */ public Rotate3dAnimation(float fromDegrees, float toDegrees,   float centerX, float centerY, float depthZ, boolean reverse) {  mFromDegrees = fromDegrees;  mToDegrees = toDegrees;  mCenterX = centerX;  mCenterY = centerY;  mDepthZ = depthZ;  mReverse = reverse; } @Override public void initialize(int width, int height, int parentWidth, int parentHeight) {  super.initialize(width, height, parentWidth, parentHeight);  mCamera = new Camera(); } @Override protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t) {  final float fromDegrees = mFromDegrees;  float degrees = fromDegrees + ((mToDegrees - fromDegrees) * interpolatedTime);  final float centerX = mCenterX;  final float centerY = mCenterY;  final Camera camera = mCamera;  final Matrix matrix = t.getMatrix();  Log.i("interpolatedTime", interpolatedTime+"");  camera.save();  if (mReverse) {   camera.translate(0.0f, 0.0f, mDepthZ * interpolatedTime);  } else {   camera.translate(0.0f, 0.0f, mDepthZ * (1.0f - interpolatedTime));  }  camera.rotateY(degrees);  camera.getMatrix(matrix);  camera.restore();  matrix.preTranslate(-centerX, -centerY);  matrix.postTranslate(centerX, centerY); }}

可以看出, Rotate3dAnimation 总共做了两件事:在构造函数中赋值了旋转动画所需要的参数,以及重写(override)父类Animation中的applyTransformation()方法,下面分类阐述一下:

  • fromDegrees与toDegrees
  • 视图旋转的开始角度和结束角度,当toDegree处于90倍数时,视图将变得不可见。
  • centerX与centerY
  • 视图旋转的中心点。
  • depthZ
  • Z轴移动基数,用于计算Camera在Z轴移动距离
  • reverse
  • boolean类型,控制Z轴移动方向,达到视觉远近移动导致的视图放大缩小效果。
  • applyTransformation()
  • 根据动画播放的时间 interpolatedTime (动画start到end的过程,interpolatedTime从0.0变化到1.0),让Camera在Z轴方向上进行相应距离的移动,实现视觉上远近移动的效果。然后调用 rotateX()方法,让视图围绕Y轴进行旋转,产生3D立体旋转效果。最后再通过Matrix来确定旋转的中心点的位置。

activity_main.xml布局文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:background="@android:color/white" > <Button  android:id="@+id/btn_open"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  android:layout_margin="16dp"  android:onClick="onClickView"  android:text="打开"  android:textColor="@android:color/black"  android:textSize="16sp" /> <RelativeLayout  android:id="@+id/rl_content"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="match_parent"  android:layout_below="@id/btn_open"  android:layout_marginTop="16dp"   android:background="@android:color/black">  <ImageView   android:id="@+id/iv_logo"   android:layout_width="match_parent"   android:layout_height="match_parent"   android:contentDescription="@null"   android:src="@drawable/ic_qrcode"    android:scaleType="centerInside"/>  <TextView   android:id="@+id/tv_desc"   android:layout_width="wrap_content"   android:layout_height="wrap_content"   android:padding="16dp"   android:text="武林网。"   android:textColor="@android:color/white"   android:textSize="18sp"    android:visibility="gone"/> </RelativeLayout></RelativeLayout>

布局中配置了卡牌正面的图片控件,卡牌背面的文本控件,以及他们的parent容器,也就是本文中的旋转动画的执行对象。

MainActivity.java文件:

package com.feng.androidtest;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.view.animation.AccelerateInterpolator;import android.view.animation.Animation;import android.view.animation.Animation.AnimationListener;import android.view.animation.DecelerateInterpolator;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.RelativeLayout;import android.widget.TextView;import com.example.androidtest.R;public class MainActivity extends Activity { private RelativeLayout mContentRl; private ImageView mLogoIv; private TextView mDescTv; private Button mOpenBtn; private int centerX; private int centerY; private int depthZ = 400; private int duration = 600; private Rotate3dAnimation openAnimation; private Rotate3dAnimation closeAnimation; private boolean isOpen = false; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  mContentRl = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.rl_content);  mLogoIv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_logo);  mDescTv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_desc);  mOpenBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_open); } /**  * 卡牌文本介绍打开效果:注意旋转角度  */ private void initOpenAnim() {  //从0到90度,顺时针旋转视图,此时reverse参数为true,达到90度时动画结束时视图变得不可见,  openAnimation = new Rotate3dAnimation(0, 90, centerX, centerY, depthZ, true);  openAnimation.setDuration(duration);  openAnimation.setFillAfter(true);  openAnimation.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());  openAnimation.setAnimationListener(new AnimationListener() {   @Override   public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {   }   @Override   public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {   }   @Override   public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {    mLogoIv.setVisibility(View.GONE);    mDescTv.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);    //从270到360度,顺时针旋转视图,此时reverse参数为false,达到360度动画结束时视图变得可见    Rotate3dAnimation rotateAnimation = new Rotate3dAnimation(270, 360, centerX, centerY, depthZ, false);    rotateAnimation.setDuration(duration);    rotateAnimation.setFillAfter(true);    rotateAnimation.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());    mContentRl.startAnimation(rotateAnimation);   }  }); } /**  * 卡牌文本介绍关闭效果:旋转角度与打开时逆行即可  */ private void initCloseAnim() {  closeAnimation = new Rotate3dAnimation(360, 270, centerX, centerY, depthZ, true);  closeAnimation.setDuration(duration);  closeAnimation.setFillAfter(true);  closeAnimation.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());  closeAnimation.setAnimationListener(new AnimationListener() {   @Override   public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {   }   @Override   public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {   }   @Override   public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {    mLogoIv.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);    mDescTv.setVisibility(View.GONE);    Rotate3dAnimation rotateAnimation = new Rotate3dAnimation(90, 0, centerX, centerY, depthZ, false);    rotateAnimation.setDuration(duration);    rotateAnimation.setFillAfter(true);    rotateAnimation.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());    mContentRl.startAnimation(rotateAnimation);   }  }); } public void onClickView(View v) {  //以旋转对象的中心点为旋转中心点,这里主要不要再onCreate方法中获取,因为视图初始绘制时,获取的宽高为0  centerX = mContentRl.getWidth()/2;   centerY = mContentRl.getHeight()/2;   if (openAnimation == null) {   initOpenAnim();   initCloseAnim();  }   //用作判断当前点击事件发生时动画是否正在执行  if (openAnimation.hasStarted() && !openAnimation.hasEnded()) {   return;  }  if (closeAnimation.hasStarted() && !closeAnimation.hasEnded()) {   return;  }  //判断动画执行  if (isOpen) {   mContentRl.startAnimation(closeAnimation);  }else {   mContentRl.startAnimation(openAnimation);  }  isOpen = !isOpen;  mOpenBtn.setText(isOpen ? "关闭" : "打开"); }}

代码中已对核心的地方做了注释解释,主要弄清楚 rotate3dAnimation构造参数中的 fromDegrees和toDegrees、depthZ、reverse参数,同时在动画中设置了速度插播器,如动画的前半程使用加速器 AccelerateInterpolator,后半程使用减速器 DecelerateInterpolator,使动画体验更加人性化。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习Android软件编程有所帮助。

发表评论 共有条评论
用户名: 密码:
验证码: 匿名发表