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Android View刷新机制实例分析

2020-04-11 10:45:54
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本文实例讲述了Android View刷新机制。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

一、总体说明

在Android的布局体系中,父View负责刷新、布局显示子View;而当子View需要刷新时,则是通知父View来完成。

二、代码分析

1).ViewGroup的addView方法,理解参数的意义和传递

invalidate调用父类View的方法
addViewInner方法主要做的事情是

view的dispatchAttachedToWindow(AttachInfo info, int visibility)方法

1).View的invalidate方法,这是一个从下第向上回溯的过程,每一层的父View都将自己的显示区域与传入的刷新

Rect做交集。

void invalidate(boolean invalidateCache) {    if (ViewDebug.TRACE_HIERARCHY) {      ViewDebug.trace(this, ViewDebug.HierarchyTraceType.INVALIDATE);    }    if (skipInvalidate()) {      return;    }    if ((mPrivateFlags & (DRAWN | HAS_BOUNDS)) == (DRAWN | HAS_BOUNDS) ||        (invalidateCache && (mPrivateFlags & DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) ||        (mPrivateFlags & INVALIDATED) != INVALIDATED || isOpaque() != mLastIsOpaque) {      mLastIsOpaque = isOpaque();      mPrivateFlags &= ~DRAWN;      mPrivateFlags |= DIRTY;      if (invalidateCache) {        mPrivateFlags |= INVALIDATED;        mPrivateFlags &= ~DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;      }      final AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo;      final ViewParent p = mParent;      //noinspection PointlessBooleanExpression,ConstantConditions      if (!HardwareRenderer.RENDER_DIRTY_REGIONS) {        if (p != null && ai != null && ai.mHardwareAccelerated) {          // fast-track for GL-enabled applications; just invalidate the whole hierarchy          // with a null dirty rect, which tells the ViewAncestor to redraw everything          p.invalidateChild(this, null);          return;        }      }      if (p != null && ai != null) {        final Rect r = ai.mTmpInvalRect;        r.set(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop);        // Don't call invalidate -- we don't want to internally scroll        // our own bounds        p.invalidateChild(this, r);//调用子类的方法完成      }    }  }

2)ViewGrop的invalidateChild方法

public final void invalidateChild(View child, final Rect dirty) {  ViewParent parent = this;  final AttachInfo attachInfo = mAttachInfo;  if (attachInfo != null) {    final int[] location = attachInfo.mInvalidateChildLocation;    // 需要刷新的子View的位置     location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] = child.mLeft;    location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] = child.mTop;    // If the child is drawing an animation, we want to copy this flag onto    // ourselves and the parent to make sure the invalidate request goes through    final boolean drawAnimation = (child.mPrivateFlags & DRAW_ANIMATION) == DRAW_ANIMATION;    // Check whether the child that requests the invalidate is fully opaque    final boolean isOpaque = child.isOpaque() && !drawAnimation && child.getAnimation() != null;    // Mark the child as dirty, using the appropriate flag    // Make sure we do not set both flags at the same time    final int opaqueFlag = isOpaque ? DIRTY_OPAQUE : DIRTY;    do {      View view = null;      if (parent instanceof View) {        view = (View) parent;      }      if (drawAnimation) {        if (view != null) {            view.mPrivateFlags |= DRAW_ANIMATION;        } else if (parent instanceof ViewRoot) {            ((ViewRoot) parent).mIsAnimating = true;        }      }        // If the parent is dirty opaque or not dirty, mark it dirty with the opaque        // flag coming from the child that initiated the invalidate      if (view != null && (view.mPrivateFlags & DIRTY_MASK) != DIRTY) {        view.mPrivateFlags = (view.mPrivateFlags & ~DIRTY_MASK) | opaqueFlag;      }      parent = parent.invalidateChildInParent(location, dirty);    } while (parent != null);  }}public ViewParent invalidateChildInParent(final int[] location, final Rect dirty) {  if ((mPrivateFlags & DRAWN) == DRAWN) {    if ((mGroupFlags & (FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE | FLAG_ANIMATION_DONE)) !=            FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE) {      // 根据父View的位置,偏移刷新区域       dirty.offset(location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] - mScrollX, location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] - mScrollY);      final int left = mLeft;      final int top = mTop;      //计算实际可刷新区域       if (dirty.intersect(0, 0, mRight - left, mBottom - top) ||            (mPrivateFlags & DRAW_ANIMATION) == DRAW_ANIMATION) {        mPrivateFlags &= ~DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;        location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] = left;        location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] = top;        return mParent;      }    } else {      mPrivateFlags &= ~DRAWN & ~DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;      location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] = mLeft;      location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] = mTop;      dirty.set(0, 0, mRight - location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX],            mBottom - location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX]);        return mParent;      }    }    return null;}

这个向上回溯的过程直到ViewRoot那里结束,由ViewRoot对这个最终的刷新区域做刷新

ViewRoot.java

public void invalidateChild(View child, Rect dirty) {}

由ViewRoot对象的performTraversals()方法调用draw()方法发起绘制该View树,值得注意的是每次发起绘图时,并不会重新绘制每个View树的视图,而只会重新绘制那些“需要重绘”的视图,View类内部变量包含了一个标志位DRAWN,当该视图需要重绘时,就会为该View添加该标志位。

调用流程

mView.draw()开始绘制,draw()方法实现的功能如下:

1 、绘制该View的背景
2 、为显示渐变框做一些准备操作(见5,大多数情况下,不需要改渐变框)
3、调用onDraw()方法绘制视图本身   (每个View都需要重载该方法,ViewGroup不需要实现该方法)
4、调用dispatchDraw ()方法绘制子视图(如果该View类型不为ViewGroup,即不包含子视图,不需要重载该
方法)值得说明的是,ViewGroup类已经为我们重写了dispatchDraw ()的功能实现,应用程序一般不需要重写该
方法,但可以重载父类函数实现具体的功能。

4.1 dispatchDraw()方法内部会遍历每个子视图,调用drawChild()去重新回调每个子视图的draw()方法(注意,这个 地方“需要重绘”的视图才会调用draw()方法)。值得说明的是,ViewGroup类已经为我们重写了dispatch

Draw()的功能实现,应用程序一般不需要重写该方法,但可以重载父类函数实现具体的功能。

更多关于Android相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题:《Android开发入门与进阶教程》、《Android多媒体操作技巧汇总(音频,视频,录音等)》、《Android基本组件用法总结》、《Android视图View技巧总结》、《Android布局layout技巧总结》及《Android控件用法总结

希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。

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